Social Motives Predict Loneliness During a Developmental Transition

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Nikitin ◽  
Alexandra M. Freund
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Social Motives ◽  
Developmental Transitions ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract. Establishing new social relationships is important for mastering developmental transitions in young adulthood. In a 2-year longitudinal study with four measurement occasions (T1: n = 245, T2: n = 96, T3: n = 103, T4: n = 85), we investigated the role of social motives in college students’ mastery of the transition of moving out of the parental home, using loneliness as an indicator of poor adjustment to the transition. Students with strong social approach motivation reported stable and low levels of loneliness. In contrast, students with strong social avoidance motivation reported high levels of loneliness. However, this effect dissipated relatively quickly as most of the young adults adapted to the transition over a period of several weeks. The present study also provides evidence for an interaction between social approach and social avoidance motives: Social approach motives buffered the negative effect on social well-being of social avoidance motives. These results illustrate the importance of social approach and social avoidance motives and their interplay during developmental transitions.

Psychisch welzijn tijdens werkloosheid: de rol van persoonlijkheid en perceptie van tijdsstructuur

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Lootens ◽  
Greet Van Hoye
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Time Structure ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Sense Of Purpose ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Perception Of Time

Psychological well-being during unemployment: the role of personality and perception of time structure Psychological well-being during unemployment: the role of personality and perception of time structure Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 24, September 2011, nr. 3, pp. 207-232.Unemployed people report lower levels of psychological well-being than employed individuals. However, when unemployed individuals perceive their use of time to be structured and purposive, this negative effect of unemployment on psychological well-being is reduced. This study investigated whether personality – as measured by the Big Five framework – determined the perception of time structure. In a sample of 231 Flemish unemployed people, we found that the more sense of purpose and present orientation individuals showed, the higher their psychological well-being was. Concerning the relation between personality and the perception of time structure, unemployed people with more openness to experience reported less sense of purpose. More conscientious individuals showed more sense of purpose, routine, organization, and present orientation. More neurotic individuals perceived less sense of purpose and present orientation. Finally, more neurotic unemployed individuals with more openness for experience showed lower psychological well-being, due to their lower perception of time structure.

Management of Puberty in Constitutional Delay of Growth and Puberty

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. De Luca ◽  
J. Argente ◽  
L. Cavallo ◽  
E. Crowne ◽  
H.A. Delemarre-Van de Waal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Constitutional Delay

AbstractConstitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) is the most common presenting form of short stature, but no single test can infallibly discriminate CDGP and isolated hypogonado- trophic hypogonadism. Management of puberty in CDGP aims to optimise not only growth - maintaining body proportions and improving peak bone mass without impairing growth potential - but also well-being; for example, the distress boys often suffer because of their lack of growth and pubertal progression can affect their school performance and social relationships. Typical sex steroid treatments to induce puberty in boys with CDGP include testosterone (T) enanthate, T undecanoate, mixed T esters, T transdermal patches, and oxandrolone p.o. Compared with other regimens, short-course low-dose depot T i.m. is an effective, practical, safe, well tolerated, and inexpensive regimen. Some unresolved problems in management include optimal timing and dose of sex steroid treatment, the role of GH in CDGP, and the management of CDGP in girls.

Mobile telephony, economy, and social logistics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirpa Tenhunen
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Mobile Telephony ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Village ◽  
Social Uses

This Chapter 4 gives a nuanced picture of the role of mobile phones in economic activities in rural West Bengal. Rather than juxtaposing economic and social uses, it explores them in tandem. How are phones used instrumentally and socially, and how do these different uses mesh and interrelate? The chapter also looks at how phone use influences social relationships, including their use for health care. Furthermore, the chapter assesses how the enhancement of logistical efficiency with the help of phones relates to development as economic growth and increased well-being. It highlights that not all people received equal economic benefits from phones. Phones have been most beneficial for the wealthiest entrepreneurs and large farmers. Those entrepreneurs whose markets extend outside the village have benefitted more than those who mainly market their products and services in the village.

Does Materialism Hinder Relational Well-Being? The Role of Culture and Social Motives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiah Yoo ◽  
Yuri Miyamoto ◽  
Uwana Evers ◽  
Julie Lee ◽  
Nancy Wong
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Social Motives

scholarly journals Violence, Well-Being and Level of Participation in Formal Education among Adolescent Girls in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo: The Role of Child Marriage

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Landis ◽  
Kathryn Falb ◽  
Ilaria Michelis ◽  
Theresita Bakomere ◽  
Lindsay Stark
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Republic Of The Congo

Child marriage is a well-recognized barrier to education, and exposes girls to an increased risk of violence along with other negative health and developmental outcomes. A quantitative survey was conducted with girls selected from 14 communities in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Data from 350 girls (ages 13-14) were analyzed using mixed effects logistic regression models. Findings revealed that child marriage was associated with lower levels of participation in formal education as well as higher rates of physical, sexual and emotional violence. In particular, when adjusting for age and girls’ level of participation in formal education, being married was associated with more than a three-fold (OR: 3.23) increased risk of experiencing sexual violence (p<0.001). Married girls were also significantly more likely to affirm the belief that they would be forced to marry their perpetrator in the event that they were raped (p=0.017), suggesting that a portion of girls within this sample may have experienced this occurrence. Although higher levels of participation in formal education were associated with a reduced risk of violence among non-married girls, these differences were not observed for girls who were married. Findings reveal that child marriage has a significantly negative effect on the relationship between girls’ level of participation in formal education and experiences with violence. Taken cumulatively, findings from this study suggest an overall harmful relationship between child marriage and girls’ safety, education and well-being, and that efforts to prevent its occurrence in the DRC and beyond are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Sustaining a Regime of Low Fertility

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Raeside ◽  
Professor Kaberi Gayen
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Contraceptive Knowledge ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Behaviour Data

<p>In several developing countries, notably Bangladesh, fertility rates fell dramatically in the later part of the twentieth century and have sustained at low levels. Traditional socioeconomic models do not fully explain the profile of fertility fall especially for rural areas where well-being has not sufficiently improved.  This paper offers a supplementary explanation that mass media facilitated the diffusion of contraceptive knowledge, leading to an ideological shift to value small families, and social networks especially reciprocal encouragement about contraception practice among network members has helped to sustain this shift. To investigate the role of encouragement of immediate network members in their family planning behaviour, data was gathered using an interview-based survey of 694 women of fertile ages in seven rural Bangladeshi villages. Findings give support to the importance of social networks in maintaining achieved low fertility levels. When there is strong reciprocal encouragement of network members about practicing contraception then using contraception is more likely. This may offer an explanation to sustaining a low fertility regime.</p>

scholarly journals Who Cares? Effects of Social Approach and Avoidance Motivation on Responsiveness to Others

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Nikitin ◽  
Alexandra M. Freund
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Approach Motivation ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Approach And Avoidance ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Relationship Closeness ◽  
Approach And Avoidance Motivation

Responsiveness to others (i.e., our understanding, validation, and support of important aspects of others) significantly contributes to positive social relationships. In the present research, we found evidence that responsiveness has motivational origins. In two experiments, participants who were approaching positive social outcomes had a higher level of responsiveness compared with participants who were avoiding negative social outcomes. A third experiment disentangled the roles of motivation and situation valence. Positive (compared with negative) social situations were associated with higher approach motivation, lower avoidance motivation, and a higher level of responsiveness. However, within a given situation, both approach and avoidance motivation were associated with a higher level of responsiveness. This association was even stronger in negative situations, suggesting that both approach and avoidance motivation might be ways of behaving responsively in potentially difficult social situations. The effects were independent of relationship closeness and partly weaker in older compared with younger adults.

scholarly journals Did Social Connection Decline During the First Wave of COVID-19?: The Role of Extraversion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunigan Parker Folk ◽  
Karynna Okabe-Miyamoto ◽  
Elizabeth Warren Dunn ◽  
Sonja Lyubomirsky
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Face ◽  
Negative Effect

In two pre-registered studies, we tracked changes in individuals’ feelings of social connection during the COVID-19 pandemic. Both studies capitalized on measures of social connection and well-being obtained prior to the COVID-19 pandemic by recruiting the same participants again in the midst of the pandemic’s upending effects. Study 1 included a sample of undergraduates from a Canadian university (N = 467), and Study 2 included community adults primarily from the United States and the United Kingdom (N = 336). Our results suggest that people experienced relatively little change in feelings of social connection in the face of the initial reshaping of their social lives caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Exploratory analyses suggested that relatively extraverted individuals exhibited larger declines in social connection. However, after controlling for levels of social connection prior to the pandemic (as pre-registered), the negative effect of extraversion reversed (Study 1) or disappeared (Study 2).

scholarly journals Well-Being and Loneliness in Swiss Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Social Relationships

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birthe Macdonald ◽  
Gizem Hülür
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Functional Feature ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Objectives The current COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing measures are an extreme stressor that might result in negative emotional experiences and feelings of loneliness. However, it is possible that social relationships might have a protective effect. In the present study, we examine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected older adults’ well-being and loneliness, and the role of structural and functional characteristics of social relationships. Research Design and Methods We use data from 99 older adults in Switzerland who participated (a) in a three-week micro-longitudinal study on social relationships and well-being in 2019 and (b) in a weekly online survey during four weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown. Results Our findings show that the global pandemic had substantial adverse effects on older adults’ emotional well-being and loneliness. In addition, aspects of social relationships were related to loneliness both before and during the pandemic. Only one functional feature of social relationships (satisfaction with communication during the pandemic) buffered adverse effects of the major stressful event. Discussion and Implications Although the social distancing measures during COVID-19 presented a major stressor for older adults’ well-being and loneliness, being able to maintain social communication to a satisfactory level during that time reduced this effect. Therefore, enabling older adults to stay in touch with their social circle based on their personal preferences might reduce the impact that any future lockdown might have on their well-being.

scholarly journals Individual parental conversations with non-birthing parents

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaretha Larsson ◽  
Irene Eriksson ◽  
Karin Johansson ◽  
Anna-Karin Stigsson ◽  
Rebecka Svahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Child Health Service ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Family Focus

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to describe Child Health Service (CHS) nurses’ experiences with conducting individual parental conversations (IPCs) with non-birthing parents. Background: CHS nurses in Sweden mainly focus on monitoring a child’s physical and mental development and the mothers’ health in order to support their parenthood. The assignment of the CHS includes identifying dysfunctional social relationships in a family and strengthening responsive parenting. An imbalance arises within the family when someone in the family suffers from illness, which could have a negative effect on the whole family’s health and well-being. Methods: An inductive, descriptive qualitative study design was used to describe and to gain an understanding of the CHS nurses’ experiences. Data were collected in 13 interviews, and a qualitative content analysis was performed. Findings: The analysis of interviews with CHS nurses resulted in two main categories, each with three subcategories. The main categories are: working for equality and applying a family focus, and dealing with challenges in the developing assignment. The IPCs stimulate the CHS nurses to work for more equality and to apply a family focus, which can be a way of strengthening the families’ health and the children’s upbringing. Developing the CHS nurses’ assignment can be a challenge that appears to entail positive outcomes for CHS nurses, while also generating the need for CHS nurses to receive supervision to find ways to improve their approach and practice.

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