Diversity, spatiotemporal distribution, abundance, species composition and habitat preferences of Ostracoda in Akbük and Akdeniz coastal mesosaline lagoons (Muğla, the South Aegean Region, Turkey)

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selçuk Altınsaçlı ◽  
Ferda Perçin-Paçal ◽  
Songül Altınsaçlı
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Aegean Region ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Ordination Techniques ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ostracod Species

AbstractAkdeniz and Akbuk lagoons are part of a shallow coastal ecosystem of great aesthetic and ecological importance, located in Muğla Province in the southern Aegean region of Turkey. In the present study, four expeditions to collect ostracods from these lagoons were conducted in May, July, October, and November of 2008. Benthic samples were obtained monthly and several environmental factors were recorded simultaneously in situ. The ecological preferences of the ostracods were monitored, and qualitative and quantitative samples were collected from three sites in Akdeniz lagoon and two sites in Akbuk lagoon. Three ostracod taxa (Cyprideis torosa, Loxoconcha elliptica and Cytherois fischeri) were identified from the Akdeniz lagoon sampling sites and one species (Cyprideis torosa) from the Akbuk lagoon sampling sites. We present and analyze the dominance and distribution of ostracod assemblages and their relationships to environmental factors: temperature, dissolved oxygen, percentage oxygen saturation, pH, redox potential, salinity, and electrical conductivity) using classification and ordination techniques. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) is used to characterize the relationship between ostracods and the environmental variables. Approximately 82% of the correlation between the community composition and environmental variables was explained by the first axis of the CCA ordination for the Akdeniz lagoon. The study revealed that the distribution and population density of ostracod species depends on the physicochemical properties of the environment. The reason for this is that Cyprideis torosa and Loxoconcha elliptica are euryhaline species.

scholarly journals Ecology and distribution of macroscopic algae communities in streams from the Basin of Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Rogelio Rodríguez-Flores ◽  
Javier Carmona-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Mountain Streams ◽  
Basin Of Mexico ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chemical Water

<p><strong>Background</strong><strong>:</strong> Several studies of lotic ecosystems have provided important ecological information on the influence of environmental heterogeneity on macroscopic algae composition.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis</strong><strong>:</strong> The highest species diversity will occur during the cold-dry season, correlated to low temperature and oligothrophic water, while the distribution of each species will be related to heterogeneity of habitat and its dispersal strategies.</p><p><strong>Studied species</strong><strong>:</strong> Twenty-two species of macroscopic algae of different Phyla (Chlorophyta, Cyanobacteria, Heterokontophyta and Rhodophyta).</p><p><strong>Study site</strong><strong>:</strong> The macroscopic algae composition was described for 35 permanent mountain streams in the Basin of Mexico from 2012 to 2015.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong><strong>:</strong> Algae species, physico-chemical water conditions and microhabitat factors were recorded <em>in situ</em> at each contrasting season. The relationship between diversity and the environmental factors was statistically evaluated by Canonical Correspondence Analysis and a Spearman test. </p><p><strong>Results</strong><strong>:</strong> Macroscopic algae recorded had biological features and environmental abilities that separated them into two groups. The first included the most frequent and abundant species: <em>Nostoc parmelioides, Placoma regulare, Prasiola mexicana</em> and <em>Vaucheria bursata</em>. The second included species restricted to certain habitats:  <em>Draparnaldia mutabilis, Tetraspora gelatinosa</em>, <em>Batrachospermum gelatinosum </em>and <em>Paralemanea mexicana</em>. Each Phyla responds differentially to the spatial heterogeneity of the streams, but the species does not change between contrasting seasons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong><strong>:</strong> Local and spatial environmental variables explain differences in richness and distribution of species on the studied area; however, species composition does not vary widely among sampling sites. Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta are more affected by local environmental variables, whereas Rhodophyta is more influenced by spatial variables.</p>

scholarly journals Factores ambientales y cambio climático relacionados con el comportamiento del Dengue en Guayaquil // Environmental factors and climate change related to the behavior of Dengue in Guayaquil

Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Jhony Real CotTo ◽  
William Sánchez Calle ◽  
Fausto Hington Chica ◽  
Janeth Hurtado Astudillo ◽  
Juan Fariño Cortez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
The Relationship

En Guayaquil existe el dengue y tiene una población expuesta de forma endémico – epidémica, pero hay escasos estudios sobre la tendencia histórica de los factores que influyen en el comportamiento del dengue. El objetivo de este trabajo es relacionar los factores ambientales y el cambio climático en el comportamiento del Dengue en la ciudad de Guayaquil, durante el período 2010-2014. Se aplicó una investigación no experimental, tipo longitudinal de tendencia. Analizándose el comportamiento de dengue con la pluviosidad, temperatura, humedad y vientos por semanas epidemiológicas. Los resultados de más casos fueron en los años 2010, 2012 y 2014; existiendo variabilidad en su comportamiento. Las variables ambientales mostraron que la pluviosidad tiene escasa relación en la presencia de casos, hallazgos de humedad por encima del 70% con temperatura altas y escasos vientos provocan condiciones para incremento en la transmisión de la enfermedad, pero existen períodos epidemiológicos donde su transmisión disminuye y puede estar relacionado a las temperaturas promedios bajas, humedad relativa y presencia de vientos. A su vez, es de relevancia observar la relación que tiene el aumento de la temperatura superficial del mar con el incremento de casos de Dengue como se observa en los años de más casos.In Guayaquil there is dengue and it has an exposed population in an endemic – epidemic way, but there is little research on the historical trend of the factors that influence the behavior of dengue. The objective of this work is to relate environmental factors and climate change in the behavior of Dengue in Guayaquil city during the period 2010-2014. A Non - experimental research of a longitudinal type of trend was applied, analyzing the behavior of dengue with rainfall, temperature, humidity and winds per epidemiological weeks. The results with more cases were in the years 2010, 2012 and 2014; Showing variability in their behavior. The environmental variables showed that the rainfall has little relation in the presence of cases, humidity findings above 70% with high temperatures and few winds cause conditions to increase the transmission of the disease, but there are epidemiological periods where the transmission decreases and may be related to low average temperatures, relative humidity and presence of winds. At the same time, it is relevant to observe the relationship between the increase in sea surface temperature and the increase in Dengue cases as observed in the years of more cases

scholarly journals Komunitas fauna makrozoobentos di kawasan reboisasi mangrove Kepulauan Seribu: faktor lingkungan, distribusi, ekologi komunitas, pola sebaran dan hubungannya

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Syahrial Syahrial ◽  
Chandrika Eka Larasati ◽  
Dandi Saleky ◽  
Muhammad Fauzan Isma
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Community Ecology ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Positive Form ◽  
Morisita Index ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mangrove Reforestation

AbstrakMangrove sangat penting bagi kehidupan biota pesisir dan laut, dimana telah mengalami kerusakan dan juga telah dilakukan rehabilitasi. Kajian komunitas fauna makrozoobentos di kawasan reboisasi mangrove Kepulauan Seribu berdasarkan faktor lingkungan, distribusi, ekologi komunitas, pola sebaran dan hubungannya telah dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2014. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor lingkungan, distribusi, ekologi komunitas, pola sebaran serta hubungannya. Faktor lingkungan diukur secara in situ, sedangkan fauna makrozoobentosnya dikumpulkan dengan transek garis dan plot. Kemudian ekologi komunitas fauna makrozoobentosnya dilihat berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman, dominansi maupun keseragaman, sedangkan pola penyebarannya dianalisis dengan indeks morisita serta hubungan antara faktor lingkungan, ekologi komunitas dan pola penyebarannya dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier sederhana. Faktor lingkungan yang diukur tidak begitu berbeda dan juga tidak melebihi baku mutu. Sebanyak 6 spesies dengan 3 kelompok fauna makrozoobentos telah ditemukan di kawasan reboisasi mangrove Kepulauan Seribu. Kemudian indeks keanekaragaman maupun keseragamannya tergolong rendah, dominansinya tergolong tinggi dan pola penyebarannya tergolong seragam (uniform). Selain itu, hubungan antara faktor lingkungan (suhu, salinitas dan DO perairan) dengan indeks keanekaragaman maupun keseragaman berkorelasi positif, sedangkan hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dengan indeks dominansinya berkorelasi negatif. Kemudian korelasi antara faktor lingkungan dengan pola penyebaran berkorelasi positif (membentuk kelompok) dan korelasi antara ekologi komunitas (keanekaragaman dan keseragaman) dengan pola penyebarannya juga berkorelasi positif serta membentuk kelompok.Kata kunci: fauna makrozoobentos; reboisasi mangrove; faktor lingkungan; distribusi; ekologi komunitas; pola sebaran; Kepulauan SeribuAbstractMangrove ecosystems are essential for the life of coastal and marine biota, which have been damaged and have been reforested. Study macrozoobenthos fauna community in mangrove reforestation area of Kepulauan Seribu was conducted in March 2014. This aimed to assess the relationship between environmental factors, distribution, ecology, and distribution patterns of the macrozoobenthos fauna community. The environmental factors were measured in situ, and macrozoobenthos was collected using line and plot transect. The ecology of macrozoobenthos fauna was analyzed based on diversity, uniformity, and dominance index. Distribution patterns were analyzed using Morisita index, and their relationships were analyzed using linear regression. Six species from 3 groups were found in this area. Diversity and uniformity index was classified low, dominance index was high, and the distribution patterns were relatively uniform. In addition, the relationship between the environmental factors (temperature, salinity, and DO) with diversity and uniformity index were positively correlated, and relationship between the environmental factors with dominance index were negatively correlated. The correlation between environmental factors with distribution patterns were positive (form groups), and the correlation between community ecology with distribution patterns were positive.Keywords: community ecology; distribution; Kepulauan Seribu; mangrove reforestation; macrozoobenthos fauna

scholarly journals Habitat preference and potential distribution of Magnolia officinalis subsp. officinalis and M. o. subsp. biloba in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 93-111
Author(s):  
Chuangye Song ◽  
Huiming Liu ◽  
Jixi Gao
Keyword(s):  
Human Disturbance ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Magnolia Officinalis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Magnolia officinalis subsp. officinalis and M. officinalis subsp. biloba are important medicinal plants in China. The bark of these two subspecies is commonly used in the production of a widely-used Chinese traditional medicine named ‘Houpu’. In recent years, M. o. subsp. officinalis and M. o. subsp. biloba have become increasingly threatened owing to the over-harvesting of their bark and the fragmentation of their habitats. In this study, we aimed to support the conservation and cultivation of these two subspecies in China by: (1) assessing the relationship between numerous environmental variables and the geographical distributions of the subspecies; (2) analysing the environmental characteristics of suitable habitats for both subspecies and predicting the spatial distribution of these habitats in China; and (3) identifying conservation areas of both subspecies in China via overlay analysis. We also assessed the degree of human disturbance within suitable habitats. We found that temperature was a major determinant for the distribution of M. o. subsp. officinalis. Conversely, the distribution of M. o. subsp. biloba was primarily dependent on precipitation rather than temperature. Distinct habitat preferences were observed between M. o. subsp. officinalis and M. o. subsp. biloba. Suitable habitats of M. o. subsp. officinalis were primarily distributed in the northern subtropical areas of China, with greater fluctuations in ambient temperature, lower extreme temperatures, less precipitation and greater fluctuations in precipitation. Habitats suitable for M. o. subsp. biloba were highly fragmented and were distributed in the central subtropical areas of China. We found that a large proportion of suitable habitats were not in the protected areas and that they were significantly disturbed by human activity. This analysis could provide useful information for the conservation of both M. o. subsp. officinalis and M. o. subsp. biloba and could aid in the selection of cultivation sites.

scholarly journals The relationship between habitat factors and aquatic macrophyte assemblages in the Danube river in Serbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Vukov ◽  
Milos Ilic ◽  
Mirjana Cuk ◽  
Ruzica Igic ◽  
Georg Janauer
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
Main River Channel ◽  
The Relationship

Our objectives were to offer insight into the characteristics of the physical environment in the River Danube in Serbia; and to show the relationship between selected environmental factors and the composition and abundance of macrophyte species. The macrophyte survey method followed the European Standard EN 14184, applying Kohler?s five-level descriptive scale. Principal component analysis was carried out to examine the variation in aquatic vegetation, and to analyze the effect of environmental variables on the aquatic vegetation, redundancy analysis was used. To build a simpler model with fewer explanatory variables, yet sufficiently explaining species variability, forward selection of environmental variables was done. Our results confirmed that physical environmental factors significantly influence the establishment and structure of macrophyte vegetation, with the level of hydrological connectivity to the main river channel being the most important, followed by the transparency of the water column, sediment texture and water-flow velocity. In order to inspect the individual relation between best-fitted plant species and each of selected environmental variables, Spearman?s rank correlation coefficients were calculated. We have distinguished plant species with preferences to specific combinations of analyzed factors. Our results provide a background for future, more specific studies on the macrophyte/habitat relationship.

scholarly journals Environmental factors as correlates of research attitude among post-graduate students in Nigeria: A path model approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Isaac Ofem Ubi ◽  
Jacob Esu Odiong
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Model Approach

The study investigated the relationship among some environmental factors and research attitude of post-graduate students in Nigeria using a path model approach. The researchers were poised at filling the gap in the type of multivariate statistical tools that have hitherto been used in comparing these variables by authors in the research area. One research question was formulated to guide the study. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The study area, which was south-south Nigeria, is one of the geo-political zones in the country with six federal universities. The population of the study was made up of 1,299 post graduate students of education faculties in the six universities. A sample of 520 students (40% of the population) was selected for the study through stratified random sampling method. The study instrument was a questionnaire titled Environmental and Attitude variables Questionnaire (EAVQ) prepared by the researchers. Result of the study showed that 14 out of 15 pathways in the hypothesized model for the relationship between environmental variables and research attitudewere significant and meaningful, withfive direct and nine indirect pathways. Based on the finding, the study recommends an improvement in those environmental factors to bring about corresponding improvement in research attitude. The study suggests that a study of the relationship between other environmental variables not included in this study on graduate students‟ research attitude in federal universities in south-south Nigeria should be carried out by future researchers. Such research can be extended to cover more geo-political zones in the country.

scholarly journals A comparison of least squares regression and geographically weighted regression modeling of West Nile virus risk based on environmental parameters

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek K Kala ◽  
Chetan Tiwari ◽  
Armin R Mikler ◽  
Samuel F Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Geographically Weighted Regression ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Weighted Regression ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
West Nile ◽  
The Relationship

Background. The primary aim of the study reported here was to determine the effectiveness of utilizing local spatial variations in environmental data to uncover the statistical relationships between West Nile Virus (WNV) risk and environmental factors. Because least squares regression methods do not account for spatial autocorrelation and non-stationarity of the type of spatial data analyzed for studies that explore the relationship between WNV and environmental determinants, we hypothesized that a geographically weighted regression model would help us better understand how environmental factors are related to WNV risk patterns without the confounding effects of spatial non-stationarity. Methods. We examined commonly mapped environmental factors using both ordinary least squares regression (LSR) and geographically weighted regression (GWR). Both types of models were applied to examine the relationship between WNV-infected dead bird counts and various environmental factors for those locations. The goal was to determine which approach yielded a better predictive model. Results. LSR efforts lead to identifying three environmental variables that were statistically significantly related to WNV infected dead birds (adjusted R2=0.61): stream density, road density, and land surface temperature. GWR efforts increased the explanatory value of these three environmental variables with better spatial precision (adjusted R2 = 0.71). Conclusions. The spatial granularity resulting from the geographically weighted approach provides a better understanding of how environmental spatial heterogeneity is related to WNV risk as implied by WNV infected dead birds, which should allow improved planning of public health management strategies.

scholarly journals A comparison of least squares regression and geographically weighted regression modeling of West Nile virus risk based on environmental parameters

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek K. Kala ◽  
Chetan Tiwari ◽  
Armin R. Mikler ◽  
Samuel F. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Geographically Weighted Regression ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Weighted Regression ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
West Nile ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThe primary aim of the study reported here was to determine the effectiveness of utilizing local spatial variations in environmental data to uncover the statistical relationships between West Nile Virus (WNV) risk and environmental factors. Because least squares regression methods do not account for spatial autocorrelation and non-stationarity of the type of spatial data analyzed for studies that explore the relationship between WNV and environmental determinants, we hypothesized that a geographically weighted regression model would help us better understand how environmental factors are related to WNV risk patterns without the confounding effects of spatial non-stationarity.MethodsWe examined commonly mapped environmental factors using both ordinary least squares regression (LSR) and geographically weighted regression (GWR). Both types of models were applied to examine the relationship between WNV-infected dead bird counts and various environmental factors for those locations. The goal was to determine which approach yielded a better predictive model.ResultsLSR efforts lead to identifying three environmental variables that were statistically significantly related to WNV infected dead birds (adjustedR2 = 0.61): stream density, road density, and land surface temperature. GWR efforts increased the explanatory value of these three environmental variables with better spatial precision (adjustedR2 = 0.71).ConclusionsThe spatial granularity resulting from the geographically weighted approach provides a better understanding of how environmental spatial heterogeneity is related to WNV risk as implied by WNV infected dead birds, which should allow improved planning of public health management strategies.

scholarly journals Environmental variables and errors in the preparation and administration of medicines

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1046-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gilberto Fernandes Pereira ◽  
Márcia Barroso Camilo de Ataíde ◽  
Ricardo Leal Silva ◽  
Eugenie Desirèe Rabelo Néri ◽  
Gerdane Celene Nunes Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the relationship between environmental factors and errors in the preparation and administration of antibacterial. Method: an observational, cross-sectional study conducted between August and December, 2014 in two clinical units. The sample consisted of 265 doses of medication, observed in different shifts that through a form had the environmental conditions of noise, illumination, humidity, temperature and physical space measured in the preparation and administration stages. Results: the physical dimension for the preparation was inadequate in one unit (3.8m2), and the items illumination, temperature and noise were extremely oscillating in the three shifts and in the two clinics, with averages generally higher than the recommended for the hospital environment, however, variations in illumination and noise were not statistically significant to cause dose errors or erroneous medicine choice (p> 0.05). Conclusion: the environmental variables analyzed may favor medication errors in both the preparation and administration stages.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Genetic and Environmental Influences on Educational Attainment and Income

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnhild E. Ørstavik ◽  
Nikolai Czajkowski ◽  
Espen Røysamb ◽  
Gun Peggy Knudsen ◽  
Kristian Tambs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
The Relationship

In many Western countries, women now reach educational levels comparable to men, although their income remains considerably lower. For the past decades, it has become increasingly clear that these measures of socio-economic status are influenced by genetic as well as environmental factors. Less is known about the relationship between education and income, and sex differences. The aim of this study was to explore genetic and environmental factors influencing education and income in a large cohort of young Norwegian twins, with special emphasis on gender differences. National register data on educational level and income were obtained for 7,710 twins (aged 29–41 years). Bivariate Cholesky models were applied to estimate qualitative and quantitative gender differences in genetic and environmental influences, the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the correlation between education and income, and genetic correlations within and between sexes and phenotypes. The phenotypic correlation between educational level and income was 0.34 (0.32–0.39) for men and 0.45 (0.43–0.48) for women. An ACE model with both qualitative and quantitative sex differences fitted the data best. The genetic correlation between men and women (rg) was 0.66 (0.22–1.00) for educational attainment and 0.38 (0.01–0.75) for income, and between the two phenotypes 0.31 (0.08–0.52) for men and 0.72 (0.64–0.85) for women. Our results imply that, in relatively egalitarian societies with state-supported access to higher education and political awareness of gender equality, genetic factors may play an important role in explaining sex differences in the relationship between education and income.

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