IMMUNOLOGICAL REACTIVITY OF INSULIN IN HUMAN SERUM

1966 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Deckert ◽  
Kai R. Jorgensen
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Porcine Pancreas ◽  
Crystalline Insulin ◽  
Endogenous Insulin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a difference could be demonstrated between crystalline insulin extracted from normal human pancreas, and crystalline insulin extracted from bovine and porcine pancreas. Using Hales & Randle's (1963) immunoassay no immunological differences could be demonstrated between human and pig insulin. On the other hand, a significant difference was found, between pig and ox insulin. An attempt was also made to determine whether an immunological difference could be demonstrated between crystalline pig insulin and crystalline human insulin from non diabetic subjects on the one hand and endogenous, circulating insulin from normal subjects, obese subjects and diabetic subjects on the other. No such difference was found. From these experiments it is concluded that endogenous insulin in normal, obese and diabetic human sera is immunologically identical with human, crystalline insulin from non diabetic subjects and crystalline pig insulin.

scholarly journals Fasciola hepatica findings in cattle of Jablanica region

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Valentina Milanovic ◽  
Aleksandar Nitovski ◽  
Zoran Kulisic ◽  
Milorad Mirilovic ◽  
Boban Popovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
The Other ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The One

In the period from January 2001 to December 2005, a total of 6,904 slaughtered cattle originating from the territory of the region of Jablanica were examined at the Mesokombinat AD abattoir. The Trematoda Fasciola hepatica was found in 429 cattle (6.21%). A total of 2,150 kg livers were condemned due to the presence of the liver fluke. A comparison of cattle with bovine fasciolosis according to the years yielded a very significant difference (p<0.01) between the year 2003 (10.02) and the year 2002 (9.97), on the one side, in comparison with the years 2001 (5.14), 2004 (3.37), and 2005 (5.08), on the other side. A significant difference (p<0.05) was also established in the year 2004 (3.37) in comparison with the years 2001 (5.14) and 2005 (5.08). After analyzing the significance of the differences between the infected cattle according to the seasons, a very significant difference (p<0.01) was established between the summer (7.23) and the winter (4.74) periods. A significant difference (p<0.05) was also established between the autumn (6.49) and the winter periods. The amount of precipitation was directly proportionate to the percentage of cattle infected with fasciolosis.

The Subversion of Plato's Quasi-Phenomenology and Mytho-Poetics in the Symposium

Janus Head ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76
Author(s):  
Bert Olivier ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Jacques Lacan ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The One

Is there a significant difference between Plato's texts and what is known as 'Platonism', that is, the philosophical tradition that claims Plato as its progenitor? Focusing on the Symposium, an attempt is made here to show that, far from merely fitting neatly into the categories of Platonism—with its neat distinction between the super-sensible and the sensible—Plato's own text is a complex, tension-filled terrain of countervailing forces. In the Symposium this tension obtains between the perceptive insights, on the one hand, into the nature of love and beauty, as well as the bond between them, and the metaphysical leap, on the other hand, from the experiential world to a supposedly accessible, but by definition super-sensible, experience-transcending realm. It is argued that, instead of being content with the philosophical illumination of the ambivalent human condition—something consummately achieved by mytho-poetic and quasi-phenomenohgical means—Plato turns to a putatively attainable, transcendent source of metaphysical reassurance which, moreover, displays all the trappings of an ideological construct. This is demonstrated by mapping Plato's lover's vision of 'absolute beauty' on to what Jacques Lacan has characterized as the unconscious structural quasi-condition of all religious and ideological illusion.

Fluorometry of Citrate in Serum, with Use of Citrate (pro-3S)-Lyase

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 730-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur J Tomisek ◽  
Edward M Winkler ◽  
Samuel Natelson
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
Endogenous Insulin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenases ◽  
Range Of Values

Abstract We describe a procedure for enzymatic assay of citrate in human serum. The citrate is degraded to acetate and oxaloacetate with citrate oxaloacetate-lyase (pro-3S-CH2 · COO- → acetate) (EC 4.1.3.6). Some oxaloacetate loses CO2 to form pyruvate. Addition of malate and lactate dehydrogenases (EC 1.1.1.37 and 1.1.1.27) permits determination of the oxaloacetate and pyruvate generated, and thus of the citrate concentration. The decrease in NADH concentration is measured fluorometrically. Results obtained for 30 consecutive human sera by this procedure were compared to the procedure in which the citrate is converted to pentabromoacetone. There was no statistically significant difference in values obtained by the two procedures. The range of values (mean ± 2 SD) found for sera from 25 blood donors by this procedure was 12.8-27.2 mg/liter (mean, 19.0 mg/ liter). Serum citrate as measured by both procedures during a glucose tolerance test was decreased from initial values under the influence of administered glucose (and endogenous insulin). Insulin concentrations were also measured during these glucose-tolerance tests. Citrate concentrations remain subnormal after the glucose and insulin concentrations return to their initial values. This accords with published reports.

scholarly journals Exploring the Influence of Demographic Characteristics of Malaysian Citizens Towards Tax Evasion.

2018 ◽  
pp. 943-953
Author(s):  
Nur Quratun ‘Aini Haron ◽  
Rina Fadhilah Ismail ◽  
Nurul Nadiah Ibrahim ◽  
Siti Aisyah Kamaruzaman ◽  
Siti Syaqilah Hambali
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

The higher number of tax evasion cases and increase in the statistics of unpaid tax in Malaysia shows that Malaysian citizens still rationalize that the act of tax evasion as tolerable and acceptable. This study examines the linkages between citizens’ of Malaysia attitudes toward tax evasion with their demographic profile. This survey was undertaken in Malaysia, involving a representative sample of 173 of citizens.The scope of this study is limited to the salary earning citizens and retirees only. The salary earning and retirees are chosen as they are the potential taxpayers that may pay tax in future and thus their opinions seem reliable. This study found that Malaysian citizens find it acceptable to evade tax on all sizes of income regardless whether it is “a small part”, “a large part”, or “all part” of their income. From the demographic profile factor, it was found that only age and nature of employment have a significant difference on the attitudes towards tax evasion. On the other hand, the respondents’ gender, level of income and level of education seem to bear no significant difference to their attitudes towards tax evasion. In relation to age, this study found out that older people of above 55 are more opposed to tax evasion compared to citizens in the range of age 25 to 34 and 45 to 54. Such findings are expected as older people tend to become more compliant as they respect the law and the government compared to young people (Ross and McGee, 2011). Secondly, from this study, it appears that retirees are more opposed to tax evasion and there have a two-way tied for the least opposed to tax evasion which is self-employed taxpayers and employers. Retirees might be the ones opposed the most to tax evasion due to their age. Older people tend to respect the authority and law, hence are more averse. Self-employed people might be the ones who are the least opposed to tax evasion that could be due to availability of opportunities to evade tax is larger compared to other groups. In this study, it is also found that employers are the one who are the least oppose to tax evasion. Perhaps, employers earning high income may think that the tax system would reap all their hard work. Besides, employers may perceive that there are too many red tapes that might be a hassle for the employers to comply, thus they tend to evade tax. This study has provided useful insights to facilitate tax authorities in imposing actions and strategies regarding tax evasion.

scholarly journals Triple-VAE: A Triple Variational Autoencoder to Represent Events in One-Class Event Detection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos P. S. Gôlo ◽  
Rafael G. Rossi ◽  
Ricardo M. Marcacini
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Event Detection ◽  
Representation Learning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Variational Autoencoder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
One Class Classification ◽  
Event Representations

Events are phenomena that occur at a specific time and place. Its detection can bring benefits to society since it is possible to extract knowledge from these events. Event detection is a multimodal task since these events have textual, geographical, and temporal components. Most multimodal research in the literature uses the concatenation of the components to represent the events. These approaches use multi-class or binary learning to detect events of interest which intensifies the user's labeling effort, in which the user should label event classes even if there is no interest in detecting them. In this paper, we present the Triple-VAE approach that learns a unified representation from textual, spatial, and density modalities through a variational autoencoder, one of the state-ofthe-art in representation learning. Our proposed Triple-VAE obtains suitable event representations for one-class classification, where users provide labels only for events of interest, thereby reducing the labeling effort. We carried out an experimental evaluation with ten real-world event datasets, four multimodal representation methods, and five evaluation metrics. Triple-VAE outperforms and presents a statistically significant difference considering the other three representation methods in all datasets. Therefore, Triple-VAE proved to be promising to represent the events in the one-class event detection scenario.

Aminophylline and human diaphragm strength in vivo

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 2591-2596 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Levy ◽  
S. Nava ◽  
L. Gibbons ◽  
F. Bellemare
Keyword(s):  
Motor Units ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Transdiaphragmatic Pressure ◽  
Gastric Pressure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Twitch Characteristics

The transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) twitch response to single shocks from supramaximal bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation was studied before and after acute intravenous infusions of aminophylline [14.9 +/- 3.1 (SD) micrograms/ml] in nine normal subjects. Stimulation was performed with subjects in the sitting position against an occluded airway from end expiration. Baseline gastric pressure and abdominal and rib cage configuration were kept constant. There was no significant difference in peak twitch Pdi from the relaxed diaphragm between control (38.8 +/- 3.3 cmH2O) and aminophylline (40.2 +/- 5.2 cmH2O) experiments. Other twitch characteristics including contraction time, half-relaxation time, and maximum relaxation rate were also unchanged. The Pdi-twitch amplitude at different levels of voluntary Pdi was measured with the twitch occlusion technique, and this relationship was found to be similar under control conditions and after aminophylline. With this technique, maximum Pdi (Pdimax) was calculated as the Pdi at which stimulation would result in no Pdi twitch because all motor units are already maximally activated. No significant change was found in mean calculated Pdimax between control (146.9 +/- 27.0 cmH2O) and aminophylline (149.2 +/- 26.0 cmH2O) experiments. We conclude from this study that the acute administration of aminophylline at therapeutic concentrations does not significantly affect contractility or maximum strength of the normal human diaphragm in vivo.

Cerebral metabolism of isotopic glucose in chronic mental disease

1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 849-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Sacks
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disease ◽  
Cerebral Metabolism ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Main Site ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Average Activity ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

A previous investigation of cerebral metabolism of isotopic glucose in normal human subjects was extended and similar studies performed upon chronic psychiatric patients. With variously labeled glucose-C14 as substrates, average activity-time curves and values for cumulative C14O2 resulting from cerebral oxidation of labeled glucose showed no significant variations between normal and psychotic subjects. A significant difference (P < 0.02) between the two groups did occur in comparing the fraction of brain CO2 derived from glucose. Calculations using individual glucose-U-C14 experiments gave averages of 56% for normal subjects and 36% for mental patients. These values agreed with those derived from composite curves of variously labeled glucose. That less brain CO2 was derived from glucose in psychotic subjects seemed to indicate a greater dilution of some carbohydrate intermediate(s) by protein and/or lipid intermediate(s); and, possibly, a decreased cerebral oxidation of carbohydrate. Theoretical considerations suggested that pyruvate and/or lactate might be the main site(s) of dilution. Submitted on January 28, 1959

A survival study of Escherichia coli in a south African river using membrane diffusion chambers

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. E. de Wet ◽  
S. N. Venter ◽  
N. Rodda ◽  
R. Kfir ◽  
M. C. Steynberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
South African ◽  
The Other ◽  
Membrane Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Chambers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Survival Pattern ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Parts

Studies to describe the survival of Escherichia coli were performed at two sites in a river. The one site was dominated by domestic discharge and the other by industrial inputs. E coli suspensions within membrane diffusion chambers were immersed in the river at the selected sites. An identical chamber was submerged in river water in the laboratory as a comparison. Two test runs were performed, one during winter (July) and one during summer (December). Samples to determine the survival of E coli was taken on a scheduled basis. Results obtained showed no significant difference between the survival pattern of E coli as determined during the summer and winter periods or in the different parts of the river. The same survival pattern was observed for the studies performed in the laboratory.

scholarly journals The Influence of Demographic Characteristics of Greek Bank Employees on Their Perceptions of Organizational Culture

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Belias ◽  
Athanasios Koustelios
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
The One

The purpose of the present study was to reveal how demographic characteristics influence the perceptions of bank employees of organizational culture. The sample of the study consisted of 240 employees from Greek banking institutions, from different occupational positions. 60% of the employees were 31-40 years old followed by the categories 41-50 years old (20%), up to 30 years old (10%) and 51-60 years old (10%). Most of the employees (63.8%) had been working as bank employees for 6-15 years and the majority of them (63.8%) had been working in the same bank for 6-15 years. The majority of the employees (59.6%) were simple clerks, 29.2% were supervisors and 11.3% were Managers or Assistant Managers. The assessment of organizational culture was performed with the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) developed by Cameron and Quinn (2006). Results indicate that there is a significant difference in the perceptions of the subjects between the dominant current and the dominant preferred type of organizational culture. In addition, a statistically significant difference (p<0.01) was found between Managers and clerks on the one hand and Supervisors on the other hand in terms of both the dominant current and the dominant preferred type of organizational culture. Finally, employees’ perceptions of the dominant current and the dominant preferred type of organizational culture were found to be affected by other demographical characteristics, like age, total years of working in the same bank and total years of working in any bank. Future studies can extend the present work by examining additional parameters that affect employees’ perceptions of organizational culture.

Psychotic disorders among inpatients with abuse of cannabis, amphetamine and opiates. Do dopaminergic stimulants facilitate psychiatric illness?

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dalmau ◽  
B. Bergman ◽  
B. Brismar
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dual Diagnoses ◽  
Dopaminergic Stimulants ◽  
The One

SummaryWe have studied the occurrence of dual diagnoses (psychoses as well as abuse of either amphetamine, cannabis or opiates) during a 15-year period, among patients treated at Huddinge Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. The purpose of the study is to evaluate if the different drugs were coupled to different rates of psychiatric co-morbidity. During the period in question, 461, 425 and 371 different patients respectively had been admitted at least once due to dependency on amphetamine, cannabis and opiates. Approximately 30% of the patients with a pure abuse of amphetamine or cannabis and less than 6% of the opiate abusers had been diagnosed at least once with any of the psychoses studied. Comparing the frequency of psychoses among mixed and pure abusers of illegal drugs, with and without a concomitant abuse of alcohol, we found that the co-morbidity rate for mixed opiate abusers increased significantly from 7.2 to 20.2% when alcohol abuse was also present. For abusers of amphetamine and cannabis (both pure and mixed), no differences in co-morbidity rates were seen when an abuse of alcohol was added to that of the drugs. It is difficult to find an explanation for the significant difference between the co-morbidity of pure abuse of amphetamine or cannabis on the one hand and opiates on the other. In conclusion, our findings show that the distribution of psychotic illness is high among abusers of amphetamine and cannabis, in contrast to the generally lower co-morbidity among abusers of opiates. Although these findings are consistent with earlier studies that have shown a propensity for developing psychoses among abusers of amphetamine and cannabis, one should bear in mind that this study is based on inpatients, and is not necessarily representative for all abusers of the drugs in question.

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