Microencapsulation of Liquid Cyanoacrylate via In situ Polymerization for Self-healing Bone Cement Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineela D. Gandham ◽  
Alice B.W. Brochu ◽  
William M. Reichert
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Tissue Adhesive ◽  
Material System ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 200 ◽  
Healing Agent

ABSTRACTStructural polymers are susceptible to accumulated damage in the form of internal microcracks that propagate through the material, resulting in mechanical failure. Self- healing approaches offer a solution to repair these damages automatically. The first generation self-healing material system includes a microencapsulated healing agent within a catalyst-embedded matrix. Propagating microcracks rupture the microcapsules, releasing the liquid healing agent into the damaged region. Catalyst-triggered polymerization of the released healing agent repairs the damage. Our research focuses on a similar approach for addressing “damage accumulation failure” of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement caused by microcrack initiation and propagation. In this study, polyurethane (PU) microcapsules containing a tissue adhesive, 2-octylcyanoacrylate (OCA) were synthesized using in situ interfacial polymerization of toluene-2,4-diisocynate (TDI) and polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) through an oil-in-oil-in-water microemulsion (o/o/w). The process was optimized by studying different combinations of organic solvents, surfactants, temperatures, agitation rates, pH, and reaction times and their effects on microencapsulation were observed. Microcapsule surface morphology, size, shell thickness, encapsulated OCA viability, thermal degradation, and chemical structure of the microcapsule shell were evaluated using a stereoscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).

scholarly journals Microencapsulation of Liquid Cyanoacrylate via In Situ Polymerization for Self-healing Bone Cement Application – ERRATUM

2012 ◽  
Vol 1417 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Vineela D. Gandham ◽  
Alice B.W. Brochu ◽  
William M. Reichert
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Healing Bone

Characterizations on Microencapsulated Sunflower Oil as Self-Healing Agent Using In Situ Polymerization Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 433-438
Author(s):  
Zulkhibri Baharom ◽  
Maizlinda Izwana Idris ◽  
Tee Chuan Lee ◽  
Sharifah Adzila Syed Abu Bakar ◽  
Hasan Zuhudi Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Vacuum Oven ◽  
Healing Agent ◽  
Polymerization Method

This paper emphasizes the characterization on the microencapsulation of sunflower oil as self-healing agent. In-situ polymerization method mainly implicates in the microencapsulation process. The analysation of microencapsulated sunflower oil via prominent characterization of yield of microcapsules, microcapsules characteristics and Fourier Transmission Infa-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR). The prime optimization used was reaction time of microencapsulation process in the ranges of 2, 3 and 4 h. The higher reaction time of microencapsulation process resulted in a higher yield of microcapsules. The yield of microcapsules increases from 46 to 53% respectively by the increasing of reaction time from 2 to 4 h. The surface morphology study associating the diameter of microcapsules measured to analyse the prepared microcapsules. It was indicated that microcapsules were round in shape with smooth micro-surfaces. It was discovered that the diameter of microcapsules during microencapsulation process after 4 h reaction time was in average of 70.53 μm. This size was measured before filtering the microcapsules with solvent and dried in vacuum oven. Apparently, after filtering and drying stage, the diameter of microcapsules specifically identified under Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) showing the size of 2.33 μm may be due to the removing the suspended oil surrounded the microcapsules. Sunflower oil as core content and UF as shell of microcapsules demonstrated the proven chemical properties on characterization by FTIR with the stretching peak of 1537.99 - 1538.90 cm-1 (-H in-CH2), 1235.49 - 1238.77 cm-1 (C-O-C Vibrations at Ester) and 1017.65 - 1034.11 cm-1 (C-OH Stretching Vibrations). It was showed that sunflower oil can be considered as an alternative nature resource for self-healing agent in microencapsulation process. The characterization of microencapsulated sunflower oil using in-situ polymerization method showed that sunflower oil was viable healant to be encapsulated and incorporated in metal coating.

Microencapsulation of Epoxy Resins for Self-Healing Material

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 1031-1035
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Le Ping Liao ◽  
Wu Jun Li ◽  
Yi Xin
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Oil In Water Emulsion

With the development of the embedded microcapsule concept for self-healing material, the preparation of microcapsule has been paid more attentions. A new series of microcapsules were prepared by in situ polymerization technology in an oil-in-water emulsion with polyoxymethylene urea (PMU) as shell material and a mixture of epoxy resins as core material. The PMU microcapsules were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), particle size analyzer and thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) to investigate their chemical structure, surface morphology, size distribution and thermal stability, respectively. The results indicate that PMU microcapsules containing epoxy resins can be synthesized successfully. The optimized reaction parameters were obtained as follow: agitation rate 600 rpm, 60°C water bath, pH=3.5, core material 20ml and hot water dilution by in-situ polymerization. The size is around 116 μm. The rough outer surface of microcapsule is composed of agglomerated PMU nanoparticles. The microcapsules basically exhibit good storage stability at room temperature, and they are chemically stable before the heating temperature is up to approximately 200°C.

Reusable Self-Healing Hydrogels Realized via in Situ Polymerization

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (14) ◽  
pp. 4881-4887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balachandran Vivek ◽  
Edamana Prasad
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Self Healing

scholarly journals Multi Self-Healable UV Shielding Polyurethane/CeO2 Protective Coating: The Effect of Low-Molecular-Weight Polyols

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1947
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Rami Suleiman ◽  
Md. Hasan Zahir ◽  
Aasif Helal ◽  
A. Madhan Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Outdoor Exposure ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Polydimethyl Siloxane ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Uv Shielding ◽  
Ceo2 Coating

We prepared a series of polyurethane (PU) coatings with defined contents using poly(tetramethylene oxide)glycol (PTMG) with two different molecular weights (i.e., Mn = 2000 and 650), as well as polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) with a molecular weight of Mn 550. For every coating, maximum adhesive strength and excellent self-healing character (three times) were found using 6.775 mol% mixed with low-molecular-weight-based polyols (PU-11-3-3). Defined 1.0 wt% CeO2 was also used for the PU-11-3-3 coating (i.e., PU-11-3-3-CeO2) to obtain UV shielding properties. Both the in situ polymerization and blending processes were separately applied during the preparation of the PU-11-3-3-CeO2 coating dispersion. The in situ polymerization-based coating (i.e., PU-11-3-3-CeO2-P) showed similar self-healing properties. The PU-11-3-3-CeO2-P coating also showed excellent UV shielding in real outdoor exposure conditions.

scholarly journals Self-Healing EPDM Rubbers with Highly Stable and Mechanically-Enhanced Urea-Formaldehyde (UF) Microcapsules Prepared by Multi-Step In Situ Polymerization

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeong-Jun Jeoung ◽  
Kun Won Kim ◽  
Yong Jun Chang ◽  
Yong Chae Jung ◽  
Hyunchul Ku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Grubbs Catalyst ◽  
Healing Efficiency

The mechanically-enhanced urea-formaldehyde (UF) microcapsules are developed through a multi-step in situ polymerization method. Optical microscope (OM) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) prove that the microcapsules, 147.4 μm in diameter with a shell thickness of 600 nm, are well-formed. From 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) analysis, we found that dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), a self-healing agent encapsulated by the microcapsules, occupies ca. 40.3 %(v/v) of the internal volume of a single capsule. These microcapsules are mixed with EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer) and Grubbs’ catalyst via a solution mixing method, and universal testing machine (UTM) tests show that the composites with mechanically-enhanced microcapsules has ca. 47% higher toughness than the composites with conventionally prepared UF microcapsules, which is attributed to the improved mechanical stability of the microcapsule. When the EPDM/microcapsule rubber composites are notched, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy shows that DCPD leaks from the broken microcapsule to the damaged site and flows to fill the notched valley, and self-heals as it is cured by Grubbs’ catalyst. The self-healing efficiency depends on the capsule concentration in the EPDM matrix. However, the self-healed EPDM/microcapsule rubber composite with over 15 wt% microcapsule shows an almost full recovery of the mechanical strength and 100% healing efficiency.

Synthesis of robust and self-healing polyurethane/halloysite coating via in-situ polymerization

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhong Lin ◽  
Puyou Ying ◽  
Min Huang ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Self Healing

Morphology and Tribological Behaviors of In Situ Polymerized Nano-SiO2/Polyacrylate Nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
Xiao Lan Hu ◽  
Yan Jie Li ◽  
Yan Ming Dong
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Scratch Resistance ◽  
Nano Sio2 ◽  
Tribological Behaviors ◽  
Sio2 Nanocomposites ◽  
Polymerization Method

An interfacial polymerization method for polyacrylate resin was adapted to fabricate nanocomposites with nano-SiO2 particles via in situ polymerization. The tribological behaviors of the nano-SiO2 nanocomposites are briefly discussed in terms of types of functionalization and nanoparticle loading. Nano-SiO2 functionalization with three silanes improved the nanoparticles interfacial interaction and compatibility in the nanocomposites, resulted in lower friction coefficient and wear mass. And the results of DSC also testified that. The wear mass and friction coefficient of the nanocomposite containing 3 wt% nanoparticles with KH570 silane are 50.8mg and 0.20, respectively. Results of RCA show that the incorporation of the nano-SiO2 into the polyacrylate resin improves the scratch resistance significantly. Results of SEM indicate that the neat polyacrylate resin is dominated by adhesive wear, going with tearing resin, while all nanocomposites containing 3 wt% nanoparticles with silane are dominated by particle adhesive, going with soft adhesive wear.

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