ORTOPOXVIRUSES: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennady Onishchenko ◽  
Igor Kirillov ◽  
Alexander Makhlai ◽  
Sergei Borisevich
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Swine Flu ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Smallpox Virus ◽  
The Past ◽  
South West ◽  
The World

The analysis of scientific publication, dedicated to human pathogenic orthopoxviruses over the past 40 years is generalizated. The essential activation of focies of monkeypox in Central Africa, cowpox in Europe, buffalopox in South-East Asia, camelpox in South-West and Central Asia and vaccinia-like viruses in Southern America is marked on the background of the apperance of three novel representatives of orthopoxviruses in North America (agents of volepox, raccoonpox and skunpox) and two representatives of African orthopoxviruses (agents of Uasingishu, named self-titled province of Kenya and taterpox). It is concluded, that this is facilitated by almost complete absence of anti-smallpox immunity after the elimination of smallpox and stopping immunization in the world on the background of active human intervention in the nature. Expert do not exclude, that as a result of a mutation of one of orthopoxviruses of animal, similar to smallpox virus agent will exist. Whereat the world will face a threat, much more serious that swine flu or avian flu. It is concluded that modern scientific and methodological approachesto study of orthopoxvirus infections evolution allow to predict threats, related on biological safety of Russian Federation.

Gliding Mammals of the World

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Jackson ◽  
Peter Schouten
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Flying Squirrels ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

The world's gliding mammals are an extraordinary group of animals that have the ability to glide from tree to tree with seemingly effortless grace. There are more than 60 species of gliding mammals including the flying squirrels from Asia, Europe and North America, the scaly-tailed flying squirrels from central Africa and the gliding possums of Australia and New Guinea. But the most spectacular of all are the colugos – or so called flying lemurs – that occur throughout South-East Asia and the Philippines. Animals that glide from tree to tree descend at an angle of less than 45 degrees to the horizontal, while those that parachute descend at an angle greater than 45 degrees. Gliding is achieved by deflecting air flowing past well-developed gliding membranes, or patagia, which form an effective airfoil that allows the animal to travel the greatest possible horizontal distance with the least loss in height. The flying squirrels and scaly-tailed flying squirrels even have special cartilaginous spurs that extend either from the wrist or elbow, respectively, to help support the gliding membrane. Gliding Mammals of the World provides, for the first time, a synthesis of all that is known about the biology of these intriguing mammals. It includes a brief description of each species, together with a distribution map and a beautiful full-colour painting. An introduction outlines the origins and biogeography of each group of gliding mammals and examines the incredible adaptations that allow them to launch themselves and glide from tree to tree.

History and Theory in Anthropology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Barnard
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
New Developments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Post Colonialism ◽  
New Generation ◽  
History And Theory

In the past twenty years, there have been exciting new developments in the field of anthropology. This second edition of Barnard's classic textbook on the history and theory of anthropology has been revised and expanded to include up-to-date coverage on all the most important topics in the field. Its coverage ranges from traditional topics like the beginnings of the subject, evolutionism, functionalism, structuralism, and Marxism, to ideas about globalization, post-colonialism, and notions of 'race' and of being 'indigenous'. There are several new chapters, along with an extensive glossary, index, dates of birth and death, and award-winning diagrams. Although anthropology is often dominated by trends in Europe and North America, this edition makes plain the contributions of trendsetters in the rest of the world too. With its comprehensive yet clear coverage of concepts, this is essential reading for a new generation of anthropology students.

Integrating the Past: Transformation and Renovation of the Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUIDO GRYSEELS ◽  
GABRIELLE LANDRY ◽  
KOEKI CLAESSENS
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Fundamental Transformation ◽  
Fundamental Shift ◽  
Research Institute

The Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA) in Tervuren is often referred to as one of the last colonial museums in the world. This article provides an overview of the various steps taken in the fundamental transformation process and the plan for renovation of the museum with a view to making it a modern and dynamic Africa museum. For this institution, which is simultaneously a Museum, Research Institute, and Centre of Information Dissemination, a mere change of décor is not sufficient: a fundamental shift in vision, a series of risks, and especially a move towards dialogue and transparency have been part of the process, which has implications that extend far beyond the walls of the museum.

Measurement of Levels of Living in the People's Republic of the Congo since 1950

1983 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
Margaret Sanders
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Level Of Living ◽  
Past Half

It is obvious that the path taken by Europe and North America is not to be a universal one. If the rest of the world can never live as we have lived in the past half-century and cannot have our material level of living, what goals and direction of change can be found that will offer an acceptable future? The People's Republic of the Congo offers an interesting backgound from which to address this process of reformulation.

The World Economy

1995 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 27-52
Author(s):  
Ray Barrell ◽  
Nigel Pain ◽  
Julian Morgan
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Regional Impact ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Trade Growth ◽  
The Uk

Indications from the first half of the year suggested that the present cyclical expansion was starting to slow in much of the OECD. The pace of activity moderated particularly sharply in North America. Canadian GDP fell slightly in the second quarter of the year and inventory levels rose considerably. Trade growth was also lower than expected, although this partially reflected the regional impact of recent developments in Mexico. Within Europe, GDP growth slowed in the UK, France and Italy, although growth proved unexpectedly robust in a number of the smaller economies, particularly Ireland, Sweden and Finland. Output also continued to grow sharply in Australia and South East Asia.

scholarly journals Editorial: Behind the Scenes

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
PAUL RAE
Keyword(s):  
Developing Economies ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
The Past ◽  
Arts And Humanities ◽  
The World ◽  
Global University ◽  
Different Parts

One of the pleasures of editing Theatre Research International is the opportunity to engage with scholars from different parts of the world about their research. In the past year or so, I have visited several universities in South East Asia, finding out about the practices and ideas people are investigating, and how they are doing it. In the process, I have been struck by the alacrity with which ambitious universities in the fast-developing economies of the region – and, I suspect, elsewhere in the world – are embracing the metrics and other criteria required for success in global university rankings exercises. The legitimation, prestige and increased attractiveness to talented staff and students that a good showing in such exercises can bring is presumably an important reason why governments and university administrations see participation as an efficient use of limited resources. However, as anyone with direct experience of rankings-motivated institutional change will be aware, the practical results can be highly disruptive, and their cost can fall disproportionately upon arts and humanities researchers, so much of whose activity remains resistant to easy quantification.

scholarly journals The Global Voice Represented at the IFLA Governing Board: A Study of the Last 19 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Sueli Mara S.P. Ferreira ◽  
Camila Gamba ◽  
Artem E. Zuev
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Board Member ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Governing Board ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Culture ◽  
Professional Management ◽  
The World ◽  
Latin America And Caribbean

This work presents an analysis of the geographical representation of IFLA’s Governing Board members over the past 19 years to identify regions and countries with and / or without the presence in IFLA’s unit responsible for its governance, financial and professional management bodies. This study with IFLA’s most important management unit can help to understand how the knowledge, culture, and experience of different regions of the world have been considered, valued and respected at IFLA. In order to map the participation of the regions, data from each IFLA Governing Board member from Africa, Asia and Oceania, and Latin America and Caribbean during the period from 2001 to 2019 was collected from IFLA Annual Reports (available online) and analysed using the Excel software with the Pivot Table resource. The original publication also includes information about the Governing Board members from Europe and North America. All the members of GB and their nationalities were considered in 9 periods of two-year terms of management, which totalized 186 members from 36 countries. These total members correspond to 105 individuals, of which 41,9% participated in only one term, 45,7% were elected for two terms, 7,6% for three terms and 4,8% for more than four terms. In terms of regional representation, Europe contributes 46% of the GB members, followed by North America with 29%, Asia & Oceania with 11% Africa with 10% and finally LAC with 4%. At the end some reflections are presented on possible strategies to achieve a balance in the composition of the main managing body of the most important library federation in the world.

scholarly journals Piramida: Peninggalan Karya Seni Dunia dari Wilayah Barat Hingga Timur (Bagian Ii)

Humaniora ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Hanny Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Continuous Part ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Article ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Human Learn

There is a terminology declared that human learn from the past to reach a better future. Based on this comprehension, human start to learn about history. Scientists learn history from historical building and cultural heritage from the past. One of the most important building that we need to learn is pyramid. For quite a long time, many people do not know the fact that actually pyramid was only a fundamental form. Everytime people hear a word ‘pyramid’, they will think directly and know globally about Egyptian Pyramid. Actually, there were so many different forms of pyramid scattered around the world, from western to eastern countries. Besides Egypt, some countries that have been well-known about their pyramids are Mesopotamia, Egypt, Sudan, Nigeria, Greece, Spain, China, Mexico, North America, Italy, India and Indonesia. In this continuous part of research, article discusses Chinese and Mexican or Mesoamerican Pyramids as the Eastern and American continent cultural heritage. Hopefully, this research will enhance the knowledge about pyramids more specific and reader will be able to differentiate the function and form of each pyramids in the world.

2. Populism around the world

2017 ◽  
pp. 21-41
Author(s):  
Cas Mudde ◽  
Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
North America ◽  
The Past ◽  
Concise Overview ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Specific Interpretation ◽  
Almost All

Today, populism affects almost all continents. While all populists share a common discourse, populism is an extremely heterogeneous political phenomenon. Individual populist actors can be left or right, conservative or progressive, religious or secular. Almost all populist actors combine populism with one or more other “host” ideologies. “Populism around the world” provides a concise overview of the main populist actors of the past 150 years. It focuses on North America, Latin America, and Europe in describing the characteristics and host ideology, and the specific interpretation of “the people” and “the elite” of the populists in these regions before looking at some recent populist actors outside these traditional areas.

The gambling industry: global structures and modern trends

2018 ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Pekka Sulkunen ◽  
Thomas F. Babor ◽  
Jenny Cisneros Örnberg ◽  
Michael Egerer ◽  
Matilda Hellman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Gambling Industry ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Transactions ◽  
Gambling Expenditures ◽  
Different Parts

This chapter describes the growth of the global gambling industry in terms of its volume, structure, and the distribution of different types of games in different parts of the world over the past 50 years, especially in the first two decades of the twenty-first century. Globalization of the market through the internet threatens the ability of governments to tax or otherwise harvest revenue from gambling. However, liberalizing regulations on gambling started in many countries before the internet became a relevant medium. Fiscal motives and ideological reasons probably explain the liberalizing trend because it started at the same time that deregulation of financial markets affected the supply of credit and boosted digital transactions. Growth in gambling markets has been greatest in North America, Asia , and Europe. Countries with high overall gambling expenditures tend to spend proportionately larger amounts in casinos and on gambling machines outside casinos.

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