scholarly journals Nutritional quality of commercial butters

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maritiele Naissinger da Silva ◽  
Bruna Lago Tagliapietra ◽  
Franciele Pozzebon Pivetta ◽  
Vinicius do Amaral Flores ◽  
Neila Silvia Pereira dos Santos Richards

Abstract The consumption and consequent production of butter has increased considerably in recent years. In order to know the butters sold in Brazil, the study aimed to analyze butters of Brazilian, French, Italian and Argentine origin. The samples were analyzed for fat content, moisture, Defatted Dry Extract (DDE), and total acidity for comparison with Brazilian legislation. The levels of chlorides, protein, ash, total dry extract, water activity, color and determination of the lipid profile were also determined. In all analyses, there was a statistically significant difference between the samples. Some samples showed disagreement with the quality requirements recommended in Brazilian legislation for commercialization. Indeed, 10 samples did not present the minimum fat content required, varying from 68.53% to 77.31% in butters with salt and from 71.64% to 81.72% in those without salt. Eight samples presented humidity levels above the legal recommendations, varying from 17.05% to 20.28%. All products were in agreement with acidity levels. The predominant fatty acids in all samples were myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitic acid (C16: 0), stearic acid (C18: 0) and oleic acid (C18: 1n9). The regional influence, breed and handling of the animals and season of the year in which the milk was obtained for butter production, were suggested to be the main reason for the physical-chemical difference found between the samples.

Author(s):  
SILA MARY RODRIGUES FERREIRA ◽  
PATRÍCIA V. DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
DANIELA PRETTO

Devido à ausência de metodologia para avaliação da qualidade do pão francês em Sistema de Alimentação Coletiva, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os parâmetros físicos, físico-químicos e sensoriais do pão francês, comercializado em cinco panificadoras de Curitiba. Nas análises físicas, em cinco repetições, as amostras foram submetidas à determinação do peso, volume, volume específico, densidade e peso seco. As análises físicoquímicas foram realizadas em triplicata de acordo com procedimento da Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Para avaliar a qualidade do pão foi utilizada a metodologia do sistema de pontuação global, mediante análise sensorial dos seguintes atributos: cor da crosta, forma e simetria, características da crosta, aspecto da pestana, aspecto de quebra da crosta, cor do miolo, porosidade, textura, aroma e sabor. Atribuiu-se pontuação (de 0 a 5) para cada variável, a qual foi multiplicada pelo fator que expressa a importância relativa de cada variável (totalizando 100 pontos), obtendo-se a classificação dos produtos pela soma dos pontos. Os resultados dos testes físicos e físicoquímicos das cinco amostras de pão francês apresentaram média de 52,23 g de peso, 31,98% de umidade, 68,02% de extrato seco, 35,49 g de peso seco, 371,8 cm3 de volume, 7,23 cm3/g de volume específico e 0,15 g/cm3 de densidade. As amostras XA, XB e XC apresentaram os melhores resultados podendo ser consideradas como as melhores. Na classificação pelo sistema de pontuação global, as amostras apresentaram diferença em nível de 1% de significância em relação à qualidade. As amostras XA e XB apresentaram boa qualidade, seguidas pelas amostras XC e XE (regular), sendo a amostra XD classificada como ruim. Os resultados obtidos permitem sugerir a adoção desta metodologia de avaliação para seleção de pão francês, em Sistema de Alimentação Coletiva. QUALITY PATTERNS OF FRENCH BREAD Abstract Due to the absence of a methodology to evaluate the quality of French bread in a Production of Collective Meals System, the present work had as objective to evaluate the quality, physical, physical-chemical and sensorial parameters of the French bread marketed in five bakeries in Curitiba (Brazil). In the physical analyses, with five repetitions, the samples were submitted to the determination of weight, volume, specific volume, density and dry weight. The physical-chemical analysis was accomplished with three replicates in agreement with the AOAC procedure. To evaluate the quality of the bread, the methodology of global punctuation system was used, by sensorial analysis of the following attributes: color of the crust, form and symmetry, characteristics of the crust, aspect of the lash, aspect of crust break, color of the crumb, porosity, texture, aroma and flavor. For each variable a grade (from 0 to 5) was attributed, which was multiplied by a factor that expressed the relative importance of each variable (to a total of 100 points), obtaining the product classification by the sum of the points. The results of the physical and physical-chemical tests of the five samples of French bread presented an average of 52,23 g of weight; 31,98% of humidity, 68,02% of dry extract, 35,49 g of dry weight, 371,8 cm3 of volume, 7,23 cm3/g of specific volume and 0,15 g/cm3 of density. The samples XA, XB and XC presented better results and could be considered as the best. In the classification using the global punctuation system, the samples presented difference at the level of 1% of significance in relation to the quality. The samples XA and XB presented good quality, followed by the samples XC and XE (regular), being the sample XD classified as bad. The results obtained allow suggest the evaluation methodology for selection of French bread in a Production of Collective Meals System.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Ignacio Mejia Haro ◽  
Salvador A. Guadalajara Rodriguez ◽  
Benjamin Ortiz de la Rosa ◽  
Jose Manuel Martinez Mireles ◽  
Victor M. Marin Perales ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-178
Author(s):  
Snezana Paskas ◽  
Jelena Miocinovic ◽  
Branislav Vejnovic ◽  
Zsolt Becskei

The study was to conduct to evaluate the chemical composition and nutritive values of feedstuffs (forages and concentrate mixtures) used for dairy goats nutrition in Vojvodina. Samples were collected from six farms, including one organic farm. The results showed that the relative feed values of analyzed forages were in the range of good, medium to lower quality. Average protein content from lowest to highest for investigated forages was: corn silage (Zea Mays) (65.37-82.57g kg??DM), alfalfa haylage (Medicago sativa L.) (159.99-184.17g kg??DM), pasture (185.30g kg?? DM), and alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa L.) (167.48-203.60g kg??DM). The non-fibre carbohydrates and protein content most varied in organic hay samples (cv: 29.25% and 19.09%, respectively). Generally, feedstuffs used in organic nutrition, including organic concentrate, were of lower nutritional quality and moreover contained higher amounts of crude fibre and lignin. Especially, a high source of variation was observed in investigated concentrate mixtures for the crude protein content (p<0.0001), ranged from 135.32 to 209.87g kg??DM. Corn silages also varied substantially in their chemical composition and significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in regard to acid detergent fibre (ADF) and lignin content (ranged: ADF: 242.20-319.24g kg??DM; ADL: 27.98-52.54g kg??DM, respectively). Furthermore, pasture contained the most soluble materials during May and June and their content was related inversely to crude fibre amount. This survey highlights that investigated farms still pay insufficient attention to the quality of the feedstuff. For the development of intensive goat farming, greater emphasis should be placed on using higher quality feedstuffs, as well, standards for feed quality must be considered and established.


2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Garbowska ◽  
M. Radzymińska ◽  
D. Jakubowska

in recent years, great attention has been paid to the quality of eaten meat and its products. There have been launched a lot of promotional campaigns aimed at providing opportunities for the consumption of traditional products. Based on the experiment, a significantly higher protein content was found in sausages produced by large producers (24.73 &plusmn; 1.98%). The fat content was significantly higher in traditional ham (16.25 &plusmn; 14.47%), compared with local ham (4.38&nbsp;&plusmn; 2.26%) and the mass (9.29 &plusmn; 5.25%). The samples of traditional and local ham had a significantly higher salt content (3.31 &plusmn; 0.72 and 2.90 &plusmn; 0.54%, respectively). No dye compounds were detected in any of the tested samples. There were no statistically significant differences in hydroxyproline and l‑glutamic acid content between traditional and conventional samples of meat products. Analysis of nitrate (V and III) showed a statistically significant difference in the average contents of these compounds. Significantly higher levels of nitrates were revealed only in traditional ham samples (12.60 &plusmn; 8.08 mg NaNO(V)/kg and 17.53 &plusmn; 27.91 mg NaNO(III)/kg of the product, respectively), wherein there was a large variation in the content of these compounds in the samples.


2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lílian Grace da Silva Solon ◽  
Ana Isabel Maia de Oliveira ◽  
Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra ◽  
Luiz Alberto Lira Soares ◽  
Aurigena Antunes de Araújo

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of five different solid formulations of carbamazepine. The reference formulation was Tegretol® 200.00 mg (Novartis) and the others were: generic formulation of carbamazepine 200.00 mg (National Industry), similar formulation of carbamazepine 200.00 mg (National Industry), and two formulations of carbamazepine 200.00 mg acquired from two different compounding pharmacies. The latter consisted of capsules obtained in Natal, the capital city of the Brazilian State of Rio Grande do Norte. The quality of samples was evaluated through physical and physical-chemical tests, including: weight, diameter, thickness, content, dissolution, disintegration, hardness, friability and moisture. The results of friability analysis showed that all formulations met Brazilian and United States Pharmacopeia (USP) specifications. In spite of having a higher hardness compared to the reference, the generic formulation had a lower disintegration time. This could be associated to the presence of crospovidone in its formulation. Results of this study showed that all formulations had dissolutions which were in accordance with Brazilian Pharmacopoeia specifications, and quality control tests. An exception was found for the similar formulation, which had a hardness parameter that exceeded the USP standard. However, this difference was not significant given the similar formulation's satisfactory disintegration time.


1981 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
R. J. ALVAREZ ◽  
J. A. KOBURGER ◽  
H. APPLEDORF

Tostones (fried plantains) are consumed by a large segment of the Latin population in Florida. In addition, their use in specialty restaurants is on the increase. However, little is known about the microbial and nutritional quality of this product, particularly as affected by processing. Tostones are prepared by peeling and cutting the plantains into slices; soaking slices in a salt brine; frying, drying and flattening the slices; and refrying them until golden brown. Protein, ash, crude fiber and carbohydrate content increased during preparation as a result of moisture loss during processing. Fat content increased due to uptake during frying. Phosphorus, Na, Hg, Se and Zn content also increased, whereas that of K and Fe decreased. Changes in water activity and pH were not significantly pronounced. Bacillus and Penicillium species were the only organisms isolated from laboratory-prepared samples. The finished product contained 48.0% carbohydrate, 26.5% moisture, 21.5% fat, 2.5% protein, 1.0% ash, 0.5% crude fiber and 395 Kcal/100 g.


2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. GARCÍA-LINARES ◽  
E. GONZALEZ-FANDOS ◽  
M.C. GARCÍA-FERNÁNDEZ ◽  
M.T. GARCÍA-ARIAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Thais Valéria Souza Silva ◽  
Luciano Fernandes Sousa ◽  
Antônio Clementino dos Santos ◽  
Ana Cristina Holanda Ferreira ◽  
Rebeca Rocha Cardoso ◽  
...  

The effects of phosphate and nitrogen fertilization on aspects of forage composition and ruminal fermentation were separately evaluated pre- and post-grazing, in addition to the dry matter intake and weight gain of sheep grazing Panicum maximum cv. Massai under a rotational system on Quartzipsamment soil. The aim was to evaluate the effect of fertilization with different levels of phosphorous (50 and 200 kg P2O5/ha) and nitrogen (100 and 400 kg N/ha) compared to unfertilized control soil. The experiment was conducted at the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science at Universidade Federal do Tocantins – UFT, in a randomized complete block design with four replicates in a factorial 2 × 2 design. The study area consisted of 32 paddocks (301 m²), each of which had previously been sown with Panicum maximum cv. Massai. The experimental area was managed under intermittent stocking with a variable stocking rate. Twenty-eight crossbreed sheep were used for grazing management. Evaluations were made before and after grazing, including forage evaluation and measurement of ruminal degradability and intake (using titanium dioxide as the external marker). Regarding the forage composition, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between the control and fertilizer treatments for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber, crude protein, lignin and phosphorous content. Fertilization was found to alter the nutritional quality of Panicum maximum cv. Massai grass. Among the nutritional aspects evaluated, fertilization influenced NDF, grass digestibility and dry matter intake. The forage composition of Massai grass is improved by fertilization with nitrogen at 100 kg N/ha and phosphate up to 50 kg P2O5/ha, which represents a relevant management practice for increasing quantity and quality.


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