scholarly journals Paclobutrazol and phenoxaprope-P-ethyl potential as growth regulator in Carpet grass Plus®

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-439
Author(s):  
Mariana Moreira Melero ◽  
Patrick Luan Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Jéssica Cristina Meira Bezerra ◽  
Bruno Horschut de Lima ◽  
Maximiliano Kawahata Pagliarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Mechanical Handling ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Plastic Containers

Abstract Mowing is a fundamental management for turfgrass development. However, this operation has a higher cost, requiring alternatives to mechanical handling, such as growth regulators use. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the use of paclobutrazol and phenoxaprope-P-ethyl as growth regulators in Carpet grass Plus®. The experiment was performed in full sun, in the northwest region of São Paulo state, from January to March 2020. The grass used was planted in black plastic containers (50 x 17 cm, with a height of 15 cm, totalling 11 L of volume), previously prepared with a mixture of soil + sand (2:1). The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of two doses of paclobutrazol (1.0 and 2.0 mL L-1) + control and two doses of phenoxaprope-P-ethyl (6.25 and 12.5 µL L-1) + control. Leaf chlorophyll index, digital image analysis and fresh leaf mass were evaluated. It was observed that for Carpet grass Plus®, there was paclobutrazol effect when used as a growth regulator, with the recommended dose of 2 ml L-1 due to its residual effect up to 35 days in reducing fresh mass, without changing the concentration of leaf chlorophyll and green colour. Phenoxaprope-P-ethyl, on the other hand, had an effect as a growth regulator for the studied species, when used in the dose of 6.25 µL L-1.

scholarly journals Development and production of hop in a high temperature region

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. e127101320863
Author(s):  
Matheus Balsalobre Simieli ◽  
Raíssa Pereira Dinalli Gazola ◽  
Maximiliano Kawahata Pagliarini ◽  
Pablo Forlan Vargas ◽  
Regina Maria Monteiro de Castilho
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Index Number ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
State University ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Northwest Region

The objective of this work was to evaluate the development and growth of hop cultivars under high temperature conditions. The work was developed at the Farm of Teaching, Research and Extension the School of Engineering of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Ilha Solteira in two harvests. The design used was randomized blocks with six treatments (cultivars – Cascade, Millenium, Chinook, Centennial, Magnum and Nugget), and six replications. Plant height, leaf chlorophyll index, number of flowers and flower mass in two crops were evaluated. In the first harvest, the Nugget variety had the greatest growth. The Cascade, Millenium and Chinook varieties did not produce flowers. From those that produced, the cultivar Magnum obtained 132.90 kg ha-1 of flowers. In the second harvest the Cascade and Chinook varieties did not produce flowers. Cultivars Cascade, Millenium, Centennial and Nugget showed the highest growth in height. The Magnum variety produced the greatest amount of flowers (467.33 kg ha-1), followed by the Millenium (290.56 kg ha-1) and Centennial (226.60 kg ha-1) variety. Thus, for the brewing, pharmaceutical or cosmetic industry, the cultivation of the Magnum variety is recommended in the northwest region of São Paulo state, as it produces a greater quantity of flowers. If the purpose is ornamental, the cultivation of the Cascade, Nugget, Centennial and Millenium varieties may be recommended as they show the greatest height development.

scholarly journals Nitrogen dose and type of herbicide used for growth regulation on the green coloration intensity of Emerald grass

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 984-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raíssa Pereira Dinalli Gazola ◽  
Salatiér Buzetti ◽  
Rodolfo de Niro Gazola ◽  
Regina Maria Monteiro de Castilho ◽  
Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Aerial Portion ◽  
Green Coloration

ABSTRACT: Nitrogen (N) is the main nutrient responsible for the green coloration of lawns but also stimulates the growth of the aerial portion of grass, thus increasing mowing expenses. Therefore, herbicides may be used as a growth regulator. The ideal herbicide will reduce lawn height without affecting esthetics. Toward this end, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the green coloration of Emerald grass ( Zoysia japonica Steud.) under the effect of different N doses or herbicides used as growth regulators. The study site consisted of randomized blocks containing 20 treatments arranged in a 5×4 factorial design with four treatment groups: four herbicides (glyphosate, imazaquin, imazethapyr, and metsulfuron-methyl, accounting for 200, 420, 80, and 140g ha-1 of the active ingredient, respectively) and the control sample (no herbicide); and three doses of N in the form of urea (5, 10, and 20g m-2), divided into five applications per year, in addition to a treatment without N. Leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) was assessed and the aerial portion of the lawn was measured with digital image analysis. Doses of N ranging from 10 to 20g m-2, divided into five applications a year, provided the lawn with intense green coloration, and the herbicides glyphosate (200g ha-1), imazaquin (420g ha-1), and imazethapyr (80g ha-1) were reported to be suitable for use as growth regulators of the study species, considering maintenance of esthetic quality (green coloration). The digital image analysis of the aerial portion provided more accurate results than use of a chlorophyll meter with regard to the recommendation of both N dose and herbicides to be used as growth regulators of Emerald grass.

scholarly journals Sewage sludge composted in the coloring and development of Bermuda grass

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-447
Author(s):  
Brian Turati Rezende ◽  
Patrick Luan Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Jéssica Cristina Meira Bezerra ◽  
Maximiliano Kawahata Pagliarini ◽  
Regina Maria Monteiro de Castilho
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Bermuda Grass ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Bluish Green ◽  
Sustainable Cultivation ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Leaf Accumulation ◽  
Plastic Containers

Abstract ‘Barazur’ or DiscoveryTM (Cynodon dactylon) is a new variety of Bermuda grass that has slow vertical growth and a bluish-green colour, and the use of sewage sludge in implantation of this species may be an alternative for its sustainable cultivation, without need for chemical fertilizers. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the influence of sewage sludge compound on colour and development of Bermuda grass DiscoveryTM. The experiment was conducted in the field with sod implanted in black plastic containers (volume 8.46 L) filled with soil + sand (1:1) and added different dosages of sludge compost, being: 0 g L -1 (control), 30 g L-1, 60 g L-1 and 120 g L-1. Digital image analysis, fresh and dry leaf mass, Nitrogen leaf and Nitrogen leaf accumulation were evaluated. It was observed that the sewage sludge influenced on turfgrass colouring and development, where 30 g L-1 showed excellent results for colouring with less mass production and N accumulation than the highest dose, showing that this treatment is sufficient for lawn development, without the need of using higher concentrations of compound. It is concluded that the use of composted sewage sludge at a dose of 30 g L-1 is recommended for use in implantation of Bermuda grass DiscoveryTM.

Growth Regulator Herbicides Prevent Invasive Annual Grass Seed Production

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Rinella ◽  
Marshall R. Haferkamp ◽  
Robert A. Masters ◽  
Jennifer M. Muscha ◽  
Susan E. Bellows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Internode Elongation ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Late Growth

AbstractAuxinic herbicides, such as 2,4-D and dicamba, that act as plant growth regulators are commonly used for broadleaf weed control in cereal crops (e.g., wheat, barley), grasslands, and noncroplands. If applied at late growth stages, while cereals are developing reproductive parts, the herbicides can reduce seed production. We tested whether growth regulators have this same effect on the invasive annual grass Japanese brome. The herbicides 2,4-D, dicamba, and picloram were applied at typical field use rates to Japanese brome at various growth stages in a greenhouse. Picloram reduced seed production nearly 100% when applied at the internode elongation, boot, or heading stages of growth, whereas dicamba appeared to be slightly less effective and 2,4-D was much less effective. Our results indicate it may be possible to control Japanese brome by using growth regulator herbicides to reduce its seed production, thereby depleting its short-lived seed bank.

PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR ACTIVITY OF SOLUBLE HUMIC COMPLEXES

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. CACCO ◽  
G. DELL’AGNOLA
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Stem Curvature ◽  
Cytokinin Bioassays

Auxin and cytokinin bioassays were performed to test the biological activity of soluble humic complexes (SHC). "Pea split stem curvature" (auxin test) and "cucumber" tests (cytokinin test) did not show any quantifiable biological activity of SHC. On the contrary, "cress test" and "senescence test" offered good evidence of a hormonal-like activity 100 times lower than that of IAA (10 mg IAA∙g−1 SHC) and 10 times lower than that of N6 BA (100 mg N6 BA∙g−1 SHC). At a high concentration of SHC, toxic effects were evident, indicating the presence of inhibitory substances which counteracted the hormone-like activity of humic complexes. Key words: Plant growth regulators, soluble humic complexes

Interactions between Herbicidal Carbamates and Growth Regulators

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. James ◽  
G. N. Prendeville ◽  
G. F. Warren ◽  
M. M. Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Differential Movement ◽  
Anisic Acid ◽  
Polygonum Lapathifolium ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

Interactions between carbamate and growth regulator herbicides were antagonistic both in whole plants and in plant segments. When combinations of isopropylm-chlorocarbanilate (chlorpropham) and (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D) were applied to the foliage of either redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexusL.) or pale smartweed (Polygonum lapathifoliumL.), the severe twisting effects of 2,4-D were greatly reduced. This interaction did not involve differential movement or metabolism of either herbicide. The induced elongation of soybean hypocotyl sections by the three growth regulators 2,4-D, 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba), and 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) was inhibited in the presence of either chlorpropham orS-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC). Similarly, curvature tests using soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merr.) hypocotyl sections showed the curvature induced by the growth regulators to be almost completely eliminated by the presence of the carbamates.

scholarly journals Canine rabies epidemiology in Araçatuba and neighborhood, Northwestern São Paulo State - Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luzia Helena Queiroz da Silva ◽  
César Eduardo Bissoto ◽  
Ádna Cleia B. Delbem ◽  
Clara Isabel de Lucca Ferrari ◽  
Sílvia Helena Venturoli Perri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Canine Rabies ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Rabies Diagnosis

Epidemiological characteristics of canine rabies in the northwest region of São Paulo State (Araçatuba region), Brazil, from 1993 to 1997 are presented. Out of 1,984 dogs, a total of 351 (17.7%) were positive for rabies diagnosis; 89% (312/351) of these occurred in urban areas and 85% (266/312) of the urban positive cases were among owned dogs. The mean age of the rabid dogs was 34 months and 61% were male. Aggressive behavior was observed in 77% of rabid dogs, followed by lack of coordination and paralysis (42%) and 48% of these dogs were responsible biting people or other animals. Information about vaccination status was obtained from 182 records and 51% of rabid dogs were non-vaccinated. The number of unvaccinated rabid dogs indicates a low vaccination index and this factor added to the high dog/man ratio must have contributed to the canine rabies epizootic observed in the studied area.

Effect of Azorhizobium caulinodans on yield in plant growth regulator induced nodulated wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Reena Tomer ◽  
S. P. Singh ◽  
Varun Tomer ◽  
Mahesh Kumar ◽  
Nidhi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Azorhizobium Caulinodans ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Hoagland Solution ◽  
Maximum Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Pot Culture

In the laboratory seedling were induced with nodule-like outgrowths using different growth regulators 2,4-D,IBA and NAA in nitrogen free Hoagland solution. Induced seedlings were inoculated with Azorhizobium caulinodans (ORS 571) in wheat variety C-306. One set was also raised as control. The treated paranoulated wheat seedlings were transferred to pot culture. The data was collected on 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing, which reveals that as a Azorhizobium caulinodans with 2,4-D treated plants shows maximum photosynthetic rate followed by NAA and IBA combinations. The biomass production was maximum in Azorhizobium caulinodans treated with 2,4-D followed by IBA and NAA.

scholarly journals Plant Growth Regulator Impacts on Vegetative Cutting Production of Moroccan Pincushion (Pterocephalus depressus) Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Sean J. Markovic ◽  
James E. Klett
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Cutting Production

Abstract Moroccan pincushion (Pterocephalus depressus) is a drought-tolerant perennial that is being used in landscapes throughout arid areas of the western United States. This paper describes two experiments researching vegetative cutting production from stock plants. Moroccan pincushion stock plants received foliar applications of gibberellic acid (GA3), benzyladenine, ethephon, or auxin [indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)] plant growth regulators (PGR). Plant growth regulators were applied singularly and in combination with GA3 to determine efficacy on stock plant growth. A propagation study was conducted simultaneously to determine effects of these different PGR treatments applied to stock plants on the rooting of moroccan pincushion cuttings. The stock plant study showed GA3 + benzyladenine application increased cutting production over other PGR treatments. Fresh weight of moroccan pincushion cuttings did not differ among treatments. While cuttings did not differ in dry weight in experiment 1, statistical differences were observed in experiment 2. However, these differences in dry weight did not affect the quality of the cuttings. Cuttings from stock plants treated with GA3 + IBA treatment had the highest numerical growth index [(height + width + width)/3]. Cuttings from stock plants treated with GA3 alone or in combination with another PGR were all greater in average growth index and statistically differed from those without GA3 being applied. PGR treatments did not affect rooting percentages of the cuttings with nontreated stock plant cuttings successfully rooting at an average rate of 95%. However, GA3 + IBA was the only treatment where cuttings had 100% rooting for both experiments, indicating potential rooting benefits. Index words: Plant growth regulator, propagation, Pterocephalus depressus, vegetative cuttings. Species used in this study: Moroccan pincushion [Pterocephalus depressus Archibald]. Chemicals used in this study: gibberellic acid (GA3), benzyladenine, ethephon, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Controlling Height and Seedling Emergence of French Marigold and Celosia Plugs with Plant Growth Regulators

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Stanislav V. Magnitskiy ◽  
Claudio C. Pasian ◽  
Mark A. Bennett ◽  
James D. Metzger
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Spray Applications

Abstract Soaking French marigold seeds in growth regulator solutions produced larger reductions in seedling height than foliar sprays. Seeds soaked in 1 to 5 ppm uniconazole solutions for 0.15, 5, or 45 min resulted in plants that were up to 23% shorter than controls at 30 DAS, whereas foliar applications of 10 to 20 ppm uniconazole solutions resulted in plants 18% shorter than controls at 14 DAS. French marigold seedlings from seeds soaked in 60 pm ancymidol for 5 or 45 min were 5 or 6%, respectively, shorter than controls. Foliar spray applications of 25 or 100 ppm ancymidol to French marigold seedlings resulted in plants 8% shorter than controls. Chlormequat solutions applied either as a seed soak (1000–5000 ppm) or foliar spray (500–3000 ppm) did not reduce French marigold seedling height. Emergence of French marigold seedlings from seeds soaked in uniconazole, ancymidol, or chlormequat solutions was not different from that of control seeds. No effect on seedling height or emergence was found when soaking celosia seeds in uniconazole, ancymidol, or chlormequat solutions. Spraying celosia seedlings with uniconazole, ancymidol, or chlormequat solutions did not reduce seedling height.

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