scholarly journals Cavernous sinus syndrome due to rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-189
Author(s):  
Vagner Moysés Vilela ◽  
Hélder de Castro Marques ◽  
Rodolfo Elias Diniz da Silva Carvalho ◽  
Erika Zavelinske ◽  
André Geraldo da Silva Duque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cavernous Sinus Syndrome ◽  
Peripheral Enhancement

The present report describes the case of a 43-year-old diabetic patient with facial pain, protruding eyes, nasal congestion and decreased right vision (involvement of the ipsilateral cranial nerves III, IV and V). Computed tomography showed diffuse sinusitis at right, cribriform plate erosion and presence of a hypodense collection in the frontal lobe with peripheral enhancement. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of a cerebral abscess. Samples were collected from the lesion, confirming hyphae compatible with mucormycosis.

MUCINOUS LOW-GRADE ADENOCARCINOMA ARISING IN AN INTRACRANIAL ENTEROGENOUS CYST

Neurosurgery ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. E972-E973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gessi ◽  
Federico G. Legnani ◽  
Emanuela Maderna ◽  
Cecilia Casali ◽  
Carlo L. Solero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Abstract OBJECTIVE Enterogenous cysts (ECs) of the central nervous system are developmental malformations that occur in the spinal canal, posterior fossa, or cerebral hemispheres. They are usually benign lesions, and malignant transformation is rare. To date, only three cases of malignant transformation have been reported in the literature. We present a case of a cerebellopontine EC showing foci of epithelial dysplasia and malignant transformation into a low-grade papillary mucinous adenocarcinoma. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 25 year-old man with a 6-year history of hypoacusia presented to our department with facial nerve deficit, visual disturbances, and gait instability. A magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrated a multiloculated cerebellopontine angle cyst with supratentorial hydrocephalus. INTERVENTION A retrosigmoidal approach was used to achieve cyst removal. This was followed several months later by ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. The cyst was adherent to the brainstem, cranial nerves, and vessels, and it resembled a thin encapsulated structure filled with mucinous-like substance. No solid component was identified. Histopathological examination revealed an EC with foci of malignant transformation in a mucinous papillary adenocarcinoma. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed 5 months postoperatively due to progressive clinical worsening; this scan revealed lesion recurrence with severe brainstem compression. Emergency surgery was performed, and a large decompression was achieved. Subsequent follow-up computed tomographic scans showed progression of the residual tumor. The patient's neurological condition rapidly worsened, ultimately resulting in death. CONCLUSION The present report suggests that a careful histological examination of all ECs after surgery should be made to exclude dysplastic foci or carcinomatous transformation. Although the clinical behavior of ECs with malignant trasformation is unpredictable, surgery remains the treatment of choice. The use of possible adjuvant chemo- or radiotherapy has not been established.

REMNANTS OF OCCIPITAL VERTEBRAE

Neurosurgery ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 945-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold H. Menezes ◽  
Kathleen A. Fenoy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Occipital Condyle ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lower Cranial Nerve ◽  
3 Dimensional

Abstract OBJECTIVE Developmental remnants around the foramen magnum, or proatlas segmentation abnormalities, have been recorded in postmortem studies but very rarely in a clinical setting. Because of their rarity, the pathological anatomy has been misunderstood, and treatment has been fraught with failures. The objectives of this prospective study were to understand the correlative anatomy, pathology, and embryology and to recognize the clinical presentation and gain insights on the treatment and management. METHODS Our craniovertebral junction (CVJ) database started in 1977 and comprises 5200 cases. This prospective study has retrieval capabilities. Neurodiagnostic studies changed with the evolution of imaging. Seventy-two patients were recognized as having symptomatic proatlas segmentation abnormalities. RESULTS Ventral bony masses from the clivus or medial occipital condyle occurred in 66% (44/72), lateral or anterolateral compressive masses in 37% (27 of 72 patients), and dorsal bony compression in 17% (12 of 72 patients). Hindbrain herniation was associated in 33%. The age at presentation was 3 to 23 years. Motor symptoms occurred in 72% (52 of 72 patients); palsies in Cranial Nerves IX, X, and XII in 33% (24 of 72 patients); and vertebrobasilar symptoms in 25% (18 of 72 patients). Trauma precipitated symptoms in 55% (40 of 72 patients). The best definition of the abnormality was demonstrated by 3-dimensional computed tomography combined with magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment was aimed at decompression of the pathology and stabilization. CONCLUSION Remnants of the occipital vertebrae around the foramen magnum were recognized in 72 of 5200 CVJ cases (7.2%). Magnetic resonance imaging with 3-dimensional computed tomography of the CVJ provides the best definition and understanding of the lesions. Brainstem myelopathy and lower cranial nerve deficits are common clinical presentations in the first and second decades of life. Treatment is aimed at decompression of the pathology and CVJ stabilization.

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of primary bladder angiosarcoma: a case report

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Beyazal ◽  
Necip Pirinççi ◽  
Alpaslan Yavuz ◽  
Sercan Özkaçmaz ◽  
Gülay Bulut
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Primary Bladder
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