scholarly journals RED MUD PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS AT HEAT TREATMENT IN OXIDIZING ATMOSPHERE

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
T. Ya. Malisheva ◽  
A. A. Suskhareva ◽  
D. B. Mackeev
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Oxidizing Atmosphere

Evaluation of Martensite Fraction in 1026 Steel by Infrared Thermography Combined with the Koistinen-Marburger Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 411-415
Author(s):  
Dimitry V. Bubnoff ◽  
Mariana M.O. Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Roberto Xavier ◽  
Gláucio S. da Fonseca ◽  
José Adilson de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Martensite Transformation ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Martensite Formation ◽  
Transformation Kinetics ◽  
Temperature Distributions ◽  
Martensite Fraction ◽  
Model Adjustment

In the present work, the martensite formation during heat treatment of 1026 steel was studied in order to acquire process knowledge and reinforce the effectiveness of infrared thermography method to evaluate the temperature distributions. Several tests were carried out and monitored by an infrared camera and thermocouples. Martensite fraction was evaluated with the aid of the Koistinen-Marburger model and adequate parameters describing phase transformations were obtained for 1026 steel samples. This research revealed the need of model adjustment in order to accurately describe the martensite transformation kinetics according to experimental results.

scholarly journals Physical and Numerical Simulations of Closed Die Hot Forging and Heat Treatment of Forged Parts

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Łukasz Poloczek ◽  
Łukasz Rauch ◽  
Marek Wilkus ◽  
Daniel Bachniak ◽  
Władysław Zalecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Hot Forging ◽  
Transformation Model ◽  
Controlled Cooling ◽  
Austenite Grain Size ◽  
Austenite Grain ◽  
Conventional Heat Treatment

The paper describes physical and numerical simulations of a manufacturing process composed of hot forging and controlled cooling, which replace the conventional heat treatment technology. The objective was to investigate possibilities and limitations of the heat treatment with the use of the heat of forging. Three steels used to manufacture automotive parts were investigated. Experiments were composed of two sets of tests. The first were isothermal (TTT) and constant cooling rate (CCT) dilatometric tests, which supplied data for the identification of the numerical phase transformation model. The second was a physical simulation of the sequence forging-cooling on Gleeble 3800, which supplied data for the validation of the models. In the numerical part, a finite element (FE) thermal-mechanical code was combined with metallurgical models describing recrystallization and grain growth during forging and phase transformations during cooling. The FE model predicted distributions of the temperature and the austenite grain size in the forging, which were input data for further simulations of phase transformations during cooling. A modified JMAK equation was used to calculate the kinetics of transformation and volume fraction of microstructural constituents after cooling. Since the dilatometric tests were performed for various austenitization temperatures before cooling, it was possible to include austenite grain size as a variable in the model. An inverse algorithm developed by the authors was applied in the identification procedure. The model with optimal material parameters was used for simulations of hot forging and controlled cooling in one of the forging shops in Poland. Distributions of microstructural constituents in the forging after cooling were calculated. As a consequence, various cooling sequences during heat treatment could be analyzed and compared.

Structure of the red mud from ural aluminum plant after heat treatment in reducing gas

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Podgorodetskii ◽  
V. B. Gorbunov ◽  
V. V. Korovushkin ◽  
A. V. Panov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Aluminum Plant ◽  
Reducing Gas

Enhancing Cd(II) sorption by red mud with heat treatment: Performance and mechanisms of sorption

2020 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 109866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianxue Yang ◽  
Yongfeng Wang ◽  
Lianxi Sheng ◽  
Chunguang He ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Treatment Performance

Phase transformations in rapidly quenched Al–Cr–Zr alloys during heat treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Zvereva ◽  
E. F. Kazakova ◽  
N. E. Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Zr Alloys
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