scholarly journals Transitions and Conflicts: Reexamining Impacts of Migration on Young Women’s Status and Gender Practice in Rural Shanxi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichao Yang ◽  
Xiaodong Ren
Keyword(s):  
Northern China ◽  
Women's Status ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Women’S Status ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
And Gender

<p>This article explores impacts of migration on young women’s status and gender practice in rural northern China. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in a village in Shanxi Province, it suggests that rural-urban migration has served partially to reconstruct the traditional gender-based roles and norms in migration families. This reconstructive force arises mainly from the changes of the patrilocal residence pattern and rural women’s acquisition of subjectivity during the course of migration. However, after migrant women return to their home villages, they usually reassume their roles as care providers and homemakers, which is vividly expressed by a phrase referring to one’s wife as ‘the person inside my home’ (<em>wo jiali de</em>). Meanwhile, although migrant women’s capacity and confidence have greatly increased consequent upon working out of the countryside, their participation in village governance and in the public sphere has been decreasing. Further examination suggests that the reinforcement of gender inequality and the transformation of gender relations result from the continuous interplay of local power relations, market dominance, and unchallenged patrilocal institutions. Through adopting a life course perspective, it challenges too strict a differentiation between migrant and left behind women in existing literature.</p>

Women’s Status and Fertility Differential in the World-System: A Cross-National Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 246-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifat Akhter
Keyword(s):  
World System ◽  
Women's Status ◽  
Power Relationship ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Dependent Development ◽  
Women’S Status ◽  
System A ◽  
And Gender ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

Abstract Using World-System and Gender and Development theories to examine women’s status and fertility in the high fertility countries, I argue that fertility behavior is strongly related to an unequal power relationship between husbands and wives, which occurs because of a dependent economy. Dependent economy creates economic inequality and limits prospects for women’s upward mobility, which may be an important factor for maintaining high fertility. This research examines empirical data from 82 countries—where total fertility rate is higher than 2.1 per woman in a given nation. The study includes both semi-periphery and periphery regions with planned and market-oriented economies in order to investigate the influence of investment and dependent development on women’s status and fertility.

Transformation of women’s status and gender relations in Poland

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Honorata Jakubowska ◽  
Dominik Antonowicz ◽  
Radosław Kossakowski
Keyword(s):  
Gender Relations ◽  
Women's Status ◽  
Women’S Status ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Prevalence and Subtypes of Blastocystis in Alpacas, Vicugna pacos in Shanxi Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye-Ting Ma ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Shi-Chen Xie ◽  
Xiao-Dong Li ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
And Gender

<i>Blastocystis</i>, an enteric protist, has been reported to be an important cause of protozoal gastrointestinal manifestations in humans and animals worldwide. Animals harboring certain <i>Blastocystis</i> subtypes (STs) may serve as a potential source of human infection. However, information about the prevalence and genetic diversity of <i>Blastocystis</i> in alpacas is limited. In the present study, a total of 366 fecal samples from alpacas in Shanxi Province, northern China, were examined for <i>Blastocystis</i> by PCR amplification of the small subunit rRNA gene, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The prevalence of <i>Blastocystis</i> in alpacas was 23.8%, and gender difference in the prevalence of <i>Blastocystis</i>was observed. The most predominant <i>Blastocystis</i> ST was ST10, followed by ST14 and ST5. The detection of ST5, a potentially zoonotic genotype, indicates that alpacas harboring ST5 could be a potential source of human infection with <i>Blastocystis</i>. These data provide new insight into the prevalence and genetic diversity of <i>Blastocystis</i> in alpacas.

scholarly journals Socio-Cultural and Gender-Based Issues that Shape Sexuality of Emerging Adults in Nigeria: A Qualitative Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi Adetutu ◽  
Sola Asa ◽  
Bola Solanke ◽  
AbdulRahman Azeez Aroke ◽  
David Okunlola
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Socio-cultural and gender-based issues influence sexuality of emerging adults. These gender-based issues worsen sexual health outcomes of emerging adults in studies outside Nigeria. Some of these issues are male dominance in sexual relationships, health care providers’ bias in attending to sexual health needs of emerging adults and age disparate sexual relationships. Studies have reported that males dominate females in sexual relationship largely in part owing to masculinity tendencies. Also, health care providers view emerging adults as randy when seeking information on sexual and reproductive health care services. Added to these is age disparate sexual relationships. Older men engage in exchanged sex while younger females are unable to negotiate condom. All these speak to gender and social inequality in sexual relationships are largely undocumented in Nigeria. Method This study collected information purposively using a qualitative inquiry. Thirty (30) in-depth interviews (IDIs), six (6) Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Eighteen (18) Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were conducted across the three main ethnic groups in Nigeria. Result Narratives and interviews showed nuanced discourses of all these gendered issues. Males dominated females in sexual relationships through suppression to negotiate condom, diminished females’ individual agency, and engagement in multiple sexual partnerships. Females endured domination of males in sexual relationships to sustain relationships. Also, health providers were biased and indifferent in providing sexual and reproductive health services to emerging adults. This study showed poor socio-economic status makes older men to exploit and take advantage of younger females in sexual relationships. Wide age difference and the notion of fulfilling their side in a paid sexual intercourse made younger females unable to negotiate condom. Conclusion Gender-based issues and socio-cultural norms diminished individual agency of emerging adults, especially females, achieving positive sexuality. Policies that dispel socio-cultural and gendered norms in sexual relationships should be encouraged, including increased awareness on sex education to parents and children, skill acquisitions and empowerment programmes for emerging adults and capacity building of health providers to improve provision of SRH needs of emerging adults.

scholarly journals Services for refugees subject to sexual and gender-based violence in Turkey and Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ozcurumez ◽  
S Akyuz ◽  
H Bradby
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Sexual and gender-based violence affects an unknown proportion of Syrians seeking refuge from the ongoing conflict. Exile implies a vulnerability to gendered harms with consequent health effects over the short- and long-term. Services for refugees tend to presume physical gendered harms accruing to women prior to exile, with little attention paid to the effects on refugees’ settlement in the new society. Methods Interviews with health and social care providers of services to refugees in Sweden (n = 20) and Turkey (n = 20), including international organisations, non-government agencies, municipal and other statutory agents. Results Definitions of sexual and gender-based violence that inform service delivery vary greatly between health and social care service providers, with these definitions proving critical for how services are configured and provided. Service providers may consider longer-term health problems arising from refugees’ experience of sexual and gender-based violence, but refugees’ prospects of integration are rarely explicitly addressed. Refugees’ own views on their health and social care needs do not inform the design or development of service provision. Conclusions The experience of sexual and gender-based violence by refugees from Syria is widely recognised among health and social care providers in Turkey and Sweden. However, the experience of such violence is rarely addressed as a public health problem, that is, as a social determinant of ill health and, furthermore, an impediment to successful integration. The long-term, ill effects of sexual and gender-based violence, as seen over the lifecourse, are over-looked when considering refugees. Key messages Services for refugees who have been subject to sexual and gender-based violence vary in terms of how that violence is understood and which of its outcomes are addressed. Sexual and gender-based violence when experienced by refugees is rarely seen as a public health problem.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Women's History ◽  
Women's Status ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Women’S Status ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Many ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Women’S History

The concluding chapter reiterates the book’s major arguments and places the study’s contributions within the context of the existing scholarship on Mesoamerican ethnohistory and women’s history. The chapter considers the evidence for both major changes and continuities in indigenous social and gender relations in rural communities of central Mexico and Oaxaca between 1520 to 1750. The chapter argues that many factors over time contributed to the erosion of native women’s status. Nevertheless, women responded to the many challenges that they faced to defend their interests, as well as those of their households and communities.

scholarly journals Protecting Cisnormative Private and Public Spheres: The Canadian Conservative Denunciation of Transgender Rights

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-517
Author(s):  
Alexa DeGagne
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
The State ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
Private Power ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
And Gender

The public sphere has been seen by conservatives as an arena for safeguarding private relations. Private power relations (in the family, religion, community and economy) could be threatened by newly recognized social groups that make claims on the state for justice and equality. Therefore, conservatives have been concerned about who can speak and exist in public and who can thereby make demands on the state. In the debates over transgender rights in Canada, social conservatives and neoliberal forces have merged in complex and impactful ways. Analyzing House of Commons and Senate debates and committee proceedings for Bill C-279 (2015) and Bill C-16 (2016–2017), I examine three conservative arguments that illustrate attempts to maintain private power relations and hierarchal gendered divisions by ensuring that transgender and gender nonconforming people are not allowed to exist, speak or make claims in public: first, the assertion that gender identity and gender expression are not definable identity categories for claims-making because transgender people are deceptive and can change their gender based on their feelings; second, the targeting of public facilities, and particularly public bathrooms, as sites of contention, danger and necessary gender segregation; and third, the attempt to delegitimize rights claims by criminalizing transgender people in relation to cisgender women and children.

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