scholarly journals The President and Local Government in Russia: The Theory and Practice of Interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
A. M. Budaev
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Russian Model

Since the adoption of the current Constitution of Russia that established the constitutional foundations of the implementation of state power and local self-government in the Russian Federation, more than 25 have passed. This period was saturated from the point of view of the formation of the legal framework of socio-political and socio-economic relations in our country. The analysis shows that local self-government is one of the basic characteristics of the Russian model of democracy. On the other hand, in recent years it is impossible not to mention the tendency to increase the efforts of federal authorities, and first of all the head of state, to maximize the involvement of local authorities of self-government in a unified political and legal field of the State. This is largely justified by the need to provide every resident of the country with equal opportunities for a comfortable and safe life. The paper formulates the author’s view concerning the changes that are taking place; and at the same time, it is proposed to continue scientific discussions regarding the development of local self-government—an institution of a modern civilized democratic state that is necessary for us all.

THE DELIMITATION OF RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PRESIDENT OF POLAND WITH RESPECT TO ITS CONSTITUTIONALIZATION – SELECTED PROBLEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXI) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Olgierd Abramski
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Position ◽  
Constitutional Level ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
Legal Foundations

The legal foundations of the responsibility of the head of state are significant from the point of view of determining its political position and exercising administrative social control over the institution of the state. The mechanisms of institutionalizing the President’s responsibility established in Poland generally fulfill a protective role, but do not fully achieve the control and guarantee function for a democratic state of law. The structure of the constitutional and criminal liability of the Speaker of the Sejm or Senate, performing, pro tempore, the duties of the head of state, and the scope of the President’s responsibility partially have not been regulated at the constitutional level. These are controversial solutions from the standpoint of the hierarchy of norms and social practice

scholarly journals Legal aspect of social entrepreneurship

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 08071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uliana Filatova ◽  
Nina Semeryanova ◽  
Svetlana Suslova ◽  
Alena Gabudina ◽  
Anna Kopytova
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The article discusses the main issues of definition of social entrepreneurship, both from economic and legal point of view. Since Russian legislature is only at the beginning of the way to create legal framework for activities, legislation on social entrepreneurship seems fragmentary and inconsistent. All of that adversely affects development of social entrepreneurship. Official city statistics (Nizhnevartovsk) show that less than a third of all entrepreneurs are interested in this type of activity; entrepreneurs who already have business in the field of social entrepreneurship mostly do not plan to expand current activities in this area. Analysis can contribute to creation of developed socio-economic relations in Russia. It can be achieved by building effective relations between social entrepreneurs and beneficiaries on the one hand, and also between social entrepreneurs and the state on the other.

scholarly journals Basics of Energy Supply Regulation in the Arctic Regions

Federalism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
A. A. Gasnikova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Authorities

Energy supply is a necessary condition for supporting normal life and activities of humans. Problem of providing reliable and accessible energy supply becomes extremely important under the Arctic severe climate. Organization of energy supply is affected by many factors. It is suggested to consider natural-resource, economical, social, technological, ecological, and legal factors. Legal factors set legal framework for energy enterprises and energy consumers to act. Economic relations, social guarantees for energy consumers, technological and environmental requirements for energy industry are legally regulated. Thus, legal factors determine other factors of energy supply to significant extent. In this regard, an analysis of the powers and functions of federal and regional authorities in the field of energy supply regulation is relevant. Most of the powers of energy supply regulation are concentrated at the federal level. At the level of the subjects of the Russian Federation energy supply issues are regulated by regional authorities within the framework of their powers. Ensuring reliable energy supply to consumers requires coordinated actions of authorities and energy sector enterprises, taking into account the whole variety of considered factors.

Peculiarities of the Uruguayan Foreign Service

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Budaev
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Foreign Service ◽  
Characteristic Features

The article deals with the legal framework, priorities and characteristic features of the Uruguayan Foreign Ministry’s activities, which may be of certain interest from the point of view of the theory and practice of the diplomatic service. The author comes to the conclusion that the compact structure and small size of the Uruguayan Ministry of Foreign Affairs and of its overseas agencies allow not only to effectively fulfil the tasks, but also to quickly respond to modern challenges and adapt to new realities.

scholarly journals Тhe institute of confiscation of property in Russian criminal law. Lessons of combating proceeds of crime in the assessment of the Supreme Сourt of the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Yu. K. Krasnov
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Plenary Session ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction. May and June 2018 saw intensi­fied discussions in Russia around the issue of confis­cation of property obtained by criminal means. These discussions arose after several initiatives of legisla­tors who advocated the strengthening of the role of this institution of criminal law in the legal practice in Russia and after the Supreme Court of the Rus­sian Federation summarized the experience of the use of confiscation in the practice of Russian courts and formulated some recommendations for the courts in the decision of the plenary session of June the 14th .  Materials and methods. The article uses a number of research methods and techniques to ana­lyze the problem such as analysis that allows isolat­ing the trends in the development of the institution of confiscation; comparison which allows evaluating homogeneous processes at different stages of the in­stitute of confiscation of property acquired by crimi­nal means, and generalization which is necessary to summarize the results of the research.  Research results. The use of the institution of confiscation of property obtained by criminal means in the legal practice of Russia has passed several stages. The modern stage began after the institution was restored in the criminal code of the Russian Fed­eration by the Federal law of July 27, 2006 № 153FZ and section VI of the Criminal Code was supple­mented by Chapter 15.1 “Confiscation of property”. This Chapter contains the legislative definition of the confiscation of property (article 104.1 of the Crimi­nal Code) and an indication of the subject of confis­cation, its types and conditions.  Based on the decisions of the plenums of the Su­preme Court of the Russian Federation the article analyzes the practice of this institution in the activi­ties of Russian courts. 12 years of experience in the application of Chapter 15.1 of the Criminal Code, showed that, despite the repeated explanations of the Supreme Court, which dealt with individual crimes, some of the controversial issues remained unre­solved. In this regard the Plenum of the Supreme Court introduced a number of proposals to improve the legal framework of this institution in the draft Resolution.  On June 14th , 2018 the next plenary Session of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation ad­opted a new detailed resolution on the practice of application of Chapter 15.1 of the Criminal Code and proposed detailed recommendations to improve the application of the institution of confiscation of property obtained by criminal means in the Russian Federation, which are considered and commented on in the article.  Discussion and conclusion. Legal literature discussed the innovations in the Russian legislation related to the institution of confiscation of property obtained by criminal means caused in a very active mode. The views of the authors of articles on this is­sue can be divided into two parts with each havinga lot of supporters. According to the first of them the new place of confiscation of property among the mea­sures of criminal law is justified.  Supporters of the opposite point of view sup­port the exclusion confiscation of property from the system of measures of criminal law as they believe that the legal nature of the confiscation of property belongs to a form of criminal punishment. This is the opinion of the judges. Two-thirds of the judges believe that the confiscation of property should be considered as an additional form of punishment.

Claims for damage to a public-law entity within the implementation of internal State (municipal) financial control: Theory and practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-626
Author(s):  
German N. SKLYAROV
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Russian Federation

Subject. The article analyzes legal mechanisms provided for by the current legislation to implement the measures of financial control bodies in case of revealing damages caused to a public-law entity. Objectives. The purpose is to identify problems to compensate for damage a public-law entity at the stage of implementing the results of control activity, and to find solutions. The solutions will enable to unify the activities of State (municipal) financial bodies, which will increase the effectiveness of the control. Methods. The study employes general scientific methods, like analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as formal logical and comparative law methods. Results. In the practice of financial control bodies, there are different approaches to determine damages to public-law entities. The same financial violations are treated by different financial control authorities through different legal mechanisms. The lack of common terminology and methodology is a problem that affects the performance of control bodies. Conclusions. It is necessary to classify financial violations from the point of view of their qualification and economic impact. The concept of damage should be disclosed in laws and regulations of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, or directly in the Budget Code of the Russian Federation, and formalized in methodological recommendations for calculating the amount of damage caused to public-law entities.

scholarly journals Modern regulatory and legal regulation of the peasant (farmer) economy: problems of theory and practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 08012
Author(s):  
Oksana Grechenkova
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Peasant Farmer ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Points Of View

The article is devoted to the topic "Modern regulatory and legal regulation of the peasant (farmer) economy: problems of theory and practice". The article examines the legal framework of peasant (farmer) farming in the Russian Federation including in the south of Russia and the Rostov region. The issues of regulating the activities and support of the peasant (farmer) economy are relevant, since regulation is associated with the development of new technologies, increasing the level of mechanization, professional and legal culture of rural residents. The peculiarities of the functioning of farms give reason to talk about the need to clarify legal information, including regional information. The modern problems of the normative-legal regulation of the activity of the peasant (farmer) economy, both from the theoretical and practical points of view, are determined.

К ВОПРОСУ О КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ СТРАТЕГИИ ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЯ КОРРУПЦИИ В УГОЛОВНО-ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ РОССИИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Sivtsov
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Political Risks ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Correction System

В статье анализируются проблемные вопросы распространения коррупционных проявлений в уголовно-исполнительной системе России. В работе выражена мысль о необходимости комплексного исследования проблем коррупции (с социологической, экономической, политической и правовой точек зрения). Комплексная стратегия противодействия коррупции в уголовно-исполнительной системе должна заключать в себе: изучение коррупции как негативного социального явления, изучение коррупции в рамках экономических отношений социума, изучение политических рисков в рамках функционирования государственных органов в процессе своего взаимодействия, изучение правовых норм, запрещающих и ограничивающих коррупционные проявления в рамках законодательного регулирования разных уровней, а также формирование нетерпимого отношения общества к коррупционному поведению. Рассматривается коррупционные преступления в уголовно-исполнительной системе, приводятся примеры совершения сотрудниками УИС должностных преступлений. Коррупция с уголовно-правовой точки зрения определяется через преступления коррупционной направленности, наказания за которые закреплены в Уголовном кодексе РФ. Анализируются нормативные правовые акты, регламентирующие антикоррупционные механизмы. Выделяются пути решения коррупционной проблематики в стране в целом и в уголовно-исполнительной системе в частности.The article analyses problematic issues of the spread of corruption manifestations in the penal system of Russia. The paper suggested the need for a comprehensive study of corruption from different perspectives (sociological, economic, political and legal). The comprehensive strategy against corruption in the penal system should include: Study of corruption as a negative social phenomenon, study of corruption within the framework of economic relations of society, study of political risks within the framework of the functioning of state bodies in the process of their interaction, study of legal norms prohibiting and limiting corruption manifestations within the framework of legislative regulation at different levels, as well as formation of intolerance of society towards corruption behavior. Corruption offences are considered in the penal correction system, examples of the commission of official crimes by officials of the Penitentiary Service are given. Corruption is defined from a criminal legal point of view through corruption-related offences, the penalties for which are enshrined in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Normative legal acts regulating anti-corruption mechanisms are analyzed. Ways of solving corruption issues are identified, both in general and in the penal correction system in particular. The work deals with the official crimes of employees of the penal correction system in the criminal legal aspect of anti-corruption activities.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of anthropogenic impact levels and payments for natural resource use in the Russian model areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 885 (1) ◽  
pp. 012057
Author(s):  
S N Ayusheeva
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resource ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Natural Resource Use ◽  
Environmental Investment ◽  
Management Fees ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Model

Abstract An assessment of the effectiveness of the existing system of paid nature natural resource usage in terms of the effect of reducing the negative impact on the environment by nature users is considered. The theory and practice of the effectiveness of environmental investment, as well as environmental management fees, were used as the basis of the methodology. The basis of the methodological tools consists of calculation and analytical, comparative methods, methods of system and structural analysis. The model territories of the ecological rating of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are determined, the degree of anthropogenic impact is estimated on the basis of specific pollution indicators, the analysis of environmental investment features in the selected territories is carried out, the need for improving environmental policy is proved on the basis of the assessment of the ratio of payment for regulatory and excess pollution by environment.

scholarly journals Lecture: "Discussion issues of theory and practice forensic examination

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.И. Бастрыкин
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Methodological Foundation ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Rf Ic

В данной лекции содержится теоретико-практический материал, отражающий дискуссионные вопросы теории и практики организации и деятельности института судебной экспертизы в Российской Федерации. Специально показывается, что развитие цифровых технологий предъявляет повышенные требования к обеспечению подразделений СК РФ криминалистической и специальной техниками. Обосновывается важность целенаправленного взаимодействия государственных органов в вопросах объективизации доказывания в современных условиях, что естественно диктуют необходимость надежного подкрепления выводов следствия за счет мощного научного и методического фундамента экспертных исследований. Автор предлагает внимательно проанализировать действующую нормативную правовую базу с целью ее корректировки в направлении повышения действенности института судебной экспертизы в Российской Федерации. This lecture contains theoretical and practical material reflecting the debatable issues of theory and practice of the organization and activities of the Institute of Forensic Science in the Russian Federation. It is specially shown that the development of digital technologies imposes increased requirements on the provision of subdivisions of the RF IC with criminalistic and special techniques. The importance of purposeful interaction of state bodies in the objectification of evidence in modern conditions is substantiated, which naturally dictates the need for reliable support of the conclusions of the investigation due to the powerful scientific and methodological foundation of expert research. The author proposes to carefully analyze the current regulatory legal framework in order to adjust it in the direction of increasing the effectiveness of the institution of forensic examination in the Russian Federation.

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