Effect of Trap Color and Residual Attraction of a Pheromone Lure for Monitoring Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-447
Author(s):  
Ted E. Cottrell ◽  
Rammohan R. Balusu ◽  
Edgar Vinson ◽  
Bryan Wilkins ◽  
Henry Y. Fadamiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Euschistus Servus ◽  
Trap Color ◽  
Residual Efficacy ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Research Studies

Abstract Stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are commonly monitored using pyramid traps baited with a pheromone. Initially, the pyramid traps were painted yellow and predominantly used to monitor native stink bug species. However, research studies involving the exotic Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) now use pyramid traps that are black, not yellow. As H. halys moves across the southeastern United States, the use of a single trap, yellow or black, for monitoring and conducting research studies would be beneficial. Our objective was to compare black and yellow pyramid traps baited with a lure to determine if one was superior for trapping herbivorous stink bugs. This study was conducted at four locations, three in Alabama and one in Georgia, over 2 yr. Additionally, residual efficacy of the lure was measured via trap capture over 1-mo intervals. Our results showed that only when native stink bug species were combined, and only in 1 yr, were captures significantly affected by trap color. Capture of the exotic H. halys and the most abundant native species, Euschistus servus (Say), was not significantly affected by trap color. Trap capture was significantly affected by how long a lure was in a trap. The data from this study suggests that when traps are used in conjunction with a pheromone to monitor multiple species of adult stink bugs, especially native species, the yellow pyramid trap is favored.

An Improved Trap for Monitoring Stink Bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Apple and Peach Orchards

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry W. Hogmire ◽  
Tracy C. Leskey
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Acrosternum Hilare ◽  
Euschistus Servus ◽  
Capture Mechanism ◽  
Green Stink Bug ◽  
Heteroptera Pentatomidae ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
Decision Making Tool

Capture of stink bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in apple orchards with yellow pyramid traps baited with Euschistus spp. (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) aggregation pheromone, methyl (2E,4Z)-decadienoate, was 4 fold greater when traps were topped with a 3.8-L jar with a 1.6 cm diameter opening and trimmed wire edging than with a 1.9-L jar with a 5 cm diameter opening with no wire edging. Stink bug capture in the 3.8-L jar top was unaffected by the presence or size of an insecticide ear tag, indicating that this improved design led to increased captures by reducing escape. Sixty-four percent fewer stink bugs escaped from 3.8-L jar tops with the improved capture mechanism than from the 1.9-L jar tops. Green stink bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say), was more susceptible to the presence of the insecticide ear tag than the brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Say), with dusky stink bug, E. tristigmus (Say), exhibiting high mortality in traps with and without ear tags. Among baited and unbaited pyramid traps with different visual stimuli, fewer captures were recorded in black pyramid traps than in clear, yellow, green or white pyramid traps. Similar numbers of brown stink bugs were captured in yellow pyramid traps deployed on the ground between trees or on horizontal branches within trees in the orchard border row. Captures of dusky and green stink bugs were greater in the tree pyramid, especially from August to mid-October. Relationships between stink bug capture and injury will need to be determined before this trap can be incorporated as a decision-making tool in pest management programs.

scholarly journals Expression Profiles and Functional Characterization of Chemosensory Protein 15 (HhalCSP15) in the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Halyomorpha halys

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehua Wang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Ang Sun ◽  
Shuang Shan ◽  
Yongjun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Chemosensory Protein ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr

Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) have been identified in the sensory tissues of various insect species and are believed to be involved in chemical communication in insects. However, the physiological roles of CSPs in Halyomorpha halys, a highly invasive insect species, are rarely reported. Here, we focused on one of the antennal CSPs (HhalCSP15) and determined whether it was involved in olfactory perception. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that HhalCSP15 was enriched in nymph and male and female adult antennae, indicating its possible involvement in the chemosensory process. Fluorescence competitive binding assays revealed that three of 43 natural compounds showed binding abilities with HhalCSP15, including β-ionone (Ki=11.9±0.6μM), cis-3-hexen-1-yl benzoate (Ki=10.5±0.4μM), and methyl (2E,4E,6Z)-decatrienoate (EEZ-MDT; Ki=9.6±0.8μM). Docking analysis supported the experimental affinity for the three ligands. Additionally, the electrophysiological activities of the three ligands were further confirmed using electroantennography (EAG). EEZ-MDT is particularly interesting, as it serves as a kairomone when H. halys forages for host plants. We therefore conclude that HhalCSP15 might be involved in the detection of host-related volatiles. Our data provide a basis for further investigation of the physiological roles of CSPs in H. halys, and extend the olfactory function of CSPs in stink bugs.

Diagnosis and Variation in Appearance of Brown Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Injury on Apple

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy C. Leskey ◽  
Brent D. Short ◽  
Starker E. Wright ◽  
Mark W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Euschistus Servus ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Extent Of Damage ◽  
Observed Damage ◽  
Shape And Size

Adult brown stink bugs, Euschistus servus (Say), were caged individually on limbs with apple fruit of 6 cultivars in research orchards in West Virginia. Studies were performed to describe specific characteristics of damage that could be used for field and/or laboratory diagnosis of stink bug injury to apple fruit at harvest. These characteristics were separated into surface and subsurface features. On the apple surface, 3 prevailing types of stink bug injury were observed in the field: (1) a discolored dot, i.e., stink bug feeding puncture; (2) a discolored dot with a depression in the fruit; and (3) a discolored dot with a discolored depression in the fruit. Subsurface characters were related to the extent of damage observed on the fruit skin. Common subsurface damage ranged from a stylet sheath to corky tissue of variable color, shape, and size that sometimes was not contiguous with the skin. Laboratory evaluations under a dissecting microscope revealed that the size of the stink bug feeding puncture was ~0.17 mm diam. This character was the only consistent, definitive symptom of stink bug injury present among all observed damage. Due to variability in other surface and subsurface characters, and potential problems with visual apparency of injury in the field, evaluations of suspected stink bug damage should be performed with 40X magnification in the laboratory to confirm the presence of stink bug feeding punctures.

scholarly journals Using Microscopy to Assess Chorion Structural Integrity and Parasitoid Oviposition Sites on Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Koppel ◽  
D.A. Herbert ◽  
E.W. Westbrook
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Podisus Maculiventris ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Acrosternum Hilare ◽  
Euschistus Servus ◽  
Murgantia Histrionica ◽  
Telenomus Podisi ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Oviposition Sites

AbstractPrevious efficacy studies found that many insecticides used by growers could be having an adverse effect on egg parasitoids (Telenomus podisi) developing in the eggs of the brown stink bug (Euschistus servus), while unhatched stink bugs experienced lower levels of mortality. One plausible explanation for this was that insecticides might enter parasitized eggs more readily via oviposition wounds. Parasitized E. servus eggs, as well as nonparasitized stink bug (Acrosternum hilare, E. servus, Murgantia histrionica, and Podisus maculiventris) eggs, were examined using electron microscopy. Egg response to perforation by a tungsten probe served as a control. Microscopy images depicted the chorion surface as characterized by a matrix of ridges and micropylar processes in a ring around the margin of the operculum. Observations of oviposition sites showed a “scab” formed where the ovipositor penetrated the chorion, and at sites penetrated by the probe. These formations appeared to be the result of fluids from inside the egg leaking out, drying, and hardening after oviposition or probe perforation, suggesting that the response was not due to substances secreted by the parasitoid. Further, no open wounds or holes were seen to increase the possibility of insecticides entering parasitized eggs.

scholarly journals Comparing the Feeding Damage of the Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug to a Native Stink Bug and Leaffooted Bug on California Pistachios

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Judith M. Stahl ◽  
Davide Scaccini ◽  
Alberto Pozzebon ◽  
Kent M. Daane
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Terminal Branch ◽  
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Internal Damage ◽  
Pistachio Nuts ◽  
Kernel Necrosis ◽  
Damage Criteria

California currently produces about a quarter of the world’s pistachios. Pistachio nuts are susceptible to feeding by stink bugs and leaffooted bugs; therefore, the invasive presence of the highly polyphagous brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a concern to California pistachio growers. We aimed to assess the potential of H. halys to cause yield loss and nut damage to pistachios, which had not yet been assessed in the field. Over two years, terminal branch ends with pistachio clusters were enclosed in organdy cages from spring to fall and exposed to either H. halys, the native stink bug Chinavia hilaris Say (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), or leaffooted bug Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Coreidae), for 4–7-day feeding periods at different times of the season. We found that H. halys adults cause more epicarp lesions (external damage) when recorded at harvest time than the native species. They did not, however, cause more kernel necrosis (internal damage) than the two native species tested, which is a more relevant damage criterion for commercial production. There were no differences among insect species for any other recorded damage criteria. We conclude that H. halys could cause similar damage as the native species but note that H. halys population densities in California are still low and future damage levels will be dependent on this pest’s population density.

scholarly journals Parasitism of the Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), by the Native Parasitoid, Trichopoda pennipes (Diptera: Tachinidae)

Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelendra K. Joshi ◽  
Timothy W. Leslie ◽  
David J. Biddinger
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), has been an important agricultural pest in the Mid-Atlantic United States since its introduction in 1996. Biological control by native species may play an important role in suppressing H. halys populations and reduce reliance on chemical control. We collected H. halys adults in agricultural areas of five Pennsylvania counties over two years to examine the extent and characteristics of adult stink bug parasitism by Trichopoda pennipes (Diptera: Tachinidae), a native parasitoid of hemipterans. The overall parasitism rate (in terms of T. pennipes egg deposition) was 2.38 percent. Rates differed among counties and seasons, but not between years. Instances of supernumerary oviposition were evident, and eggs were more commonly found on the ventral side of the thorax, although no differences in egg deposition were found between males and female hosts. T. pennipes has begun to target H. halys adults in Pennsylvania and has the potential to play a role in regulating this pest. Adult parasitism of H. halys by T. pennipes should continue to be monitored, and landscape management and ecological pest management practices that conserve T. pennipes populations should be supported in agricultural areas where H. halys is found.

Efficacy of Insecticides Against Acrosternum hilare and Euschistus servus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Virginia and North Carolina

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Kamminga ◽  
D. Ames Herbert ◽  
Thomas P. Kuhar ◽  
Sean Malone ◽  
Amanda Koppel
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Acrosternum Hilare ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticides ◽  
Euschistus Servus ◽  
Green Stink Bug ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

Laboratory bioassays and field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of selected organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid insecticides, as well as a chitin inhibitor, novaluron, against 2 common stink bug pests in Virginia, the green stink bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say), and the brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Say). Green bean dip bioassays revealed differences in insecticide susceptibility between the 2 species. Acrosternum hilare adults were highly susceptible to all pyrethroids tested, the organophosphates except acephate, and the neonicotinoids except acetamiprid. Acrosternum hilare nymphs were also susceptible to all pyrethroids tested. In general, the neonicotinoids, dinotefuran and clothianidin, were toxic to A. hilare, whereas thiamethoxam and acetamiprid were toxic to E. servus. In field trials in soybean, the neonicotinoids, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam were efficacious at controlling stink bugs and, in general, performed comparably to the organophosphates and pyrethroids. These results indicate that neonicotinoid insecticides offer an alternative to growers for managing stink bugs that may fit with integrated pest management programs where conservation of natural enemies is a consideration.

scholarly journals Live Traps for Adult Brown Marmorated Stink Bugs

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 376 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Maxwell Suckling ◽  
Mary Claire Levy ◽  
Gerardo Roselli ◽  
Valerio Mazzoni ◽  
Claudio Ioriatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Average Improvement ◽  
Local Materials ◽  
Wind Vane ◽  
Better Than

Surveillance for detection of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, is reliant on sticky panels with aggregation pheromone, which are low cost, but very inefficient (est. 3%). Trapping for adults was conducted in Italy with novel live (or lethal) traps consisting of aggregation pheromone-baited cylinders with a wind vane, with the upwind end covered by mesh and the downwind end sealed by a removable entry-only mesh cone, admitting the attracted bugs. The novel traps caught up to 15-times more adult H. halys than identically-baited sticky panels in two weeks of daily checking (n = 6 replicates) (the new live traps were, in Run 1, 5-, 9-, 15-, 13-, 4-, 12-, 2-fold; and in Run 2, 7-, 1-, 3-, 7-, 6-, 6-, and 5-fold better than sticky traps, daily). The maximum catch of the new traps was 96 live adults in one trap in 24 h and the average improvement was ~7-fold compared with sticky panels. The rotating live traps, which exploit a mesh funnel facing the plume downwind that proved useful for collecting adults, could also be used to kill bugs. We expect that commercially-available traps could replace the crude prototypes we constructed quickly from local materials, at low cost, as long as the principles of a suitable plume structure were observed, as we discuss. The traps could be useful for the sterile insect technique, supporting rearing colonies, or to kill bugs.

Impact of Temperature Storage Conditions of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs on Parasitism by Anastatus reduvii (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily C Ogburn ◽  
James F Walgenbach
Keyword(s):  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Anastatus Reduvii ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage

Abstract Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys Stål, is an invasive species of Asian origin that is an important agricultural pest in the eastern United States. Sentinel egg masses are tools used to assess the impact of natural enemies on H. halys populations. To determine the effect of host egg age and storage conditions on their susceptibility to parasitism, H. halys eggs were stored at different temperatures for different lengths of time and then exposed to Anastatus reduvii (Howard), a native natural enemy of H. halys occurring in eastern North America. For eggs stored at 15, 20, and 25°C and then exposed to A. reduvii, the number of host eggs from which parasitoid offspring emerged declined with age of eggs. Control eggs (exposed to parasitoids without being stored) and those eggs stored for only 5.5 degree-days (DD) (=0.5 days) at 25°C yielded the highest percentage of parasitoids at 88.2 and 88.3%, respectively. For eggs stored at 20 and 25°C for 7.3 DD to about 36 DD, offspring emerged from about 58 to 73% of eggs, and total parasitism (emerged + unemerged parasitoids) ranged from about 70 to 80%. Parasitoid emergence was significantly lower for host eggs stored at 15°C for comparable times at 20 and 25°C. Stink bugs nymphs hatched from <0.6% of all eggs. Parasitoid-induced host egg abortion was an important component of egg mortality caused by A. reduvii, with underdeveloped stink bug nymphs, undifferentiated cell contents, and parasitoid host feeding occurring across all storage treatments.

scholarly journals VERIFYING STINK BUG AND COREID BUG INJURY TO PECAN KERNELS BY EXAMINING PECAN SHELLS

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1071e-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.E. Yates ◽  
W.L. Tedders ◽  
D. Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Packing Material ◽  
Fluorescent Dye ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Research Studies

Severe economic losses in pecan crop productivity result from phytophagous stink bugs and coreid bugs (Hemiptera) feeding on the kernel. Discriminating hemipteran damage from other late seasonal kernel disorders is often inconclusive. Two additional markers of hermipteran damage have been distinguished and can be used as unequivocal evidence of the feeding activity of these insects regardless of the source of the nuts. Staining pecan nuts with red fluorescent dye differentiates the microscopic hemipteran punctures from the natural markings on the shell. Additional confirmatory evidence can be obtained by recognition of the stylet sheaths connecting the packing material on the shell interior to the seed coat of the kernel. These anatomical evidences of hemipteran feeding should facilitate research studies to evaluate the role of hemipteran attack with late seasonal pecan kernel disorders.

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