The “Homogamy” of Road Rage Revisited

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne D. Roberts ◽  
David W. Indermaur
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Aggressive Driving ◽  
Road Rage ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
History Of

The principle of homogamy, the tendency for victims and offenders to share behavioral and demographic characteristics, has been applied to various forms of violent crime. This article explores how this principle relates to types of “road rage” using a survey of 1,208 Australian drivers. Two-thirds of drivers who perpetrated violent forms of road rage also reported being victims of the same crime, providing support for the homogamy thesis. Perpetrators were predominantly young males with low socioeconomic status who lacked the ability to control their temper. Perpetrator-victims were more likely than other victims to have a history of driving violations and higher levels of general aggression and report more frequent aggressive driving behaviors. The implications for theories of violence are discussed.

scholarly journals Food Insecurity and Preeclampsia: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaid Bigdeli ◽  
Golnaz Ranjbar ◽  
Lida Jarahi ◽  
Nayereh Khadem Ghaebi ◽  
Davood Soleimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

Background: Household food insecurity is defined as the limited or uncertain access to adequate and safe food or limited ability to obtain food in a socially acceptable manner. Preeclampsia is a severe case of high-risk pregnancy, which endangers the health of women across the world, especially in developing countries. The current study aimed to use the nutritional deficiencies theory in pathogenesis of preeclampsia and determine the correlation between food insecurity and preeclampsia. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 100 women with preeclampsia and 200 normal pregnant women with the gestational age of 20 weeks. Participants were selected via purposive sampling according to the eligibility criteria. Data were collected using the USDA questionnaire for food insecurity, socioeconomic data, and demographic data through interviews. Results: The findings indicated that the frequency of food insecurity was significantly higher in the preeclampsia women than the healthy women (71% vs. 21%; P < 0.001). Logistic regression indicated that the risk of preeclampsia was six times higher among pregnant women in the unsafe food status group than those in safe food status group [odds = 6.4; 95%CI: 3.3-12.4; P < 0.001]. Among the studied variables, socioeconomic status, history of stillbirth, history of preterm delivery, and ethnicity were significantly associated with preeclampsia during pregnancy (P < 0.05). In addition, women with low socioeconomic status were twice at the higher risk of preeclampsia compared to those with favorable socioeconomic status [odds = 2.7; 95%CI: 1.1-6.2; P = 0.01]. Conclusion: The current study indicated that the prevalence of food insecurity was high in Iranian women with preeclampsia, especially those with a history of preterm labor, history of stillbirth, low socioeconomic status, or non-Persian.

scholarly journals Clinical Pattern of Liver Abscess among the Patients Admitted in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Chanchal Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Fakhrul Alam ◽  
M Mahmuduzzaman ◽  
AKM Shamsul Kabir ◽  
M Saif Uddoula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Clinical Pattern ◽  
Palm Wine ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Liver abscess is an important clinical problem in tropical regions of the world. Current assessment of liver abscesses should allow for better understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of the disease. This study was conducted to find the clinical pattern and aetiopathogenesis of liver abscess in patients admitted in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital.Methodology: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Medicine, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH) on consecutive 34 patients of liver abscess admitted between the period of July 2002 and June 2003. Detailed history and clinical examination were performed in all patients. All routine investigations were done. Liver abscess was confirmed by ultrasonography (USG). Aspiration of liver abscess was done under sonographic guidance in the Nuclear Medicine Department of RMCH to diagnose the cause of liver abscess. Aspirated materials were sent for microscopical examination and culture and sensitivity in the Department of Microbiology of the same Institute.Result: The findings showed that early middle-aged population were usually affected by liver abscess followed by middle aged (mean age around 40 years). The patients were predominantly male with males being 16 times more likely to suffer from the disease than the females. Most of the patients belong to low socioeconomic status (82.4%). All patients had fever and malaise. Other common manifestations were loss of appetite, lump in the abdomen, intercostal tenderness, nausea/ vomiting, loss of weight. Less common presentations were diarrhoea (29.4%), jaundice (23.5%), cough (11.8%), chest pain (11.8%) and breathlessness (2.9%). Liver span of the patients measured by ultra-sonogram showed hepatomegaly in all cases. All patients with pyogenic liver abscess and 75% of the patients with amoebic abscess had the history of prolonged intake of fermented palm juice (palm wine). Microscopic examination of the pus/aspirate drawn from the liver revealed trophozoite in 7(20.6%) cases. However, on culture of the specimen, 12(35.3%) were culture positive and 22(64.7%) were culture negative.Conclusion: Middle-aged male with low socioeconomic status with the history of prolonged palm wine intake are the most common characteristic of patients with liver abscess. Multi-center study with large sample size is recommended to verify the findings of the present study.Bangladesh J Medicine Jul 2015; 26 (2) : 55-60

scholarly journals A study on clinicopathological evaluation of rhinosporidiosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4519
Author(s):  
Prangya Panda ◽  
Bijaya Kumar Sadangi ◽  
Dhaneswari Jena ◽  
Sarita Panda
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Lacrimal Sac ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Palpebral Conjunctiva ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All

Background: Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease. Aim of the study was to do a clinicopathological evaluation of the cases of rhinosporidiosis. Study design was longitudinal.Methods: The study was undertaken in MKCG medical college. 151 cases of rhinosporidiosis were taken. Pedunculated or sessile, fleshy, polypoidal, reddish looking mass with spores on the surface were clinically diagnosed as rhinosporidiosis. Age, sex distribution, site of presentation and socioeconomic status was studied. The swellings of lacrimal sac were doughy in consistency. The conjunctival mass was excised and thermocautery applied. For the cases of lacrimal sac dacryocystectomy was done.Results: The cases were more common in male children of low socioeconomic status. Palpebral conjunctiva is the common site of involvement. History of pond bath was present in almost all the cases. History of bleeding from nose and eye was present in many cases.Conclusions: Rhinosporidiosis is a common condition of our locality. Treatment is simple by excising the growth and cauterising the site. Taking bath in pond water is supposed to be the cause of the disease. The disease can be prevented by avoiding pond bath.

scholarly journals Determinants of Preterm Labour in a Rural Medical College Hospital in Western Maharashtra

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Avachat Shubhada ◽  
SV Kambale ◽  
BD Phalke
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Preterm Labour ◽  
Previous History ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Aims: This study was done to estimate the incidence of preterm labour and to study the causes of preterm labour in a teaching hospital. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a medical college hospital in rural area among all patients who delivered during study period. Data was collected by interview technique and analyzed by appropriate statistical methods. Results: Total 2105 deliveries occurred during study period and the incidence of preterm delivery in the study was 15%. Incidence of preterm labour was comparatively more among multigravida (49.5%). Out of 315 preterm labour cases, 234 (74.25%) were from low socioeconomic status. Forty-one percent preterm labors were idiopathic, 17% cases had maternal- fetal complications and 15% cases had recurrent urinary tract infections. Significant association was observed between previous history of preterm labour and current preterm labour after applying Z test. Conclusions: Incidence of preterm labour was 15% among the hospital deliveries in a teaching hospital in rural area. Preterm labour was more common among women of low socioeconomic status, among multigravida and among women having previous history of preterm labour. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 8 / No. 1 / Issue 15 / Jan- June, 2013 / 31-33 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v8i1.8858

scholarly journals Clinical Manifestation of Patients Who Died Due to COVID-19; A Retrospective Study from Qom-Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 864-869
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hormati ◽  
Seyed Yaser Foroghi Ghomi ◽  
Masoudreza Sohrabi ◽  
Saeedeh Jafari ◽  
Amir Jabbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Rome Iii Criteria ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Rome Iii ◽  
History Of

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disease with no exact laboratory or imaging findings. IBS is more common in areas with a history of psychological trauma and war. This study aims to report the prevalence and possible determinants of IBS in southwestern Iran, an area with a notable history of war. Methods: We randomly enrolled 1849 permanent residents in 29 cities aged 20 to 65 years. A validated for Farsi version Rome III criteria and a questionnaire, including demographic data and health history, were administered to each subject. Participants who fulfilled the Rome III criteria were categorized into three groups: Diarrhea dominant (IBS-D), Constipation dominant (IBS-C), and Mixed type (IBS-M). Results: The total prevalence of IBS was 3.2%, with 70% of subjects being of Arab descent (P=0.004). IBS was more common in females, singles, illiterate subjects, and people younger than 30 years; however, none of these differences were statistically significant. People with depression, anxiety, self-report of psychological disorders, and very low socioeconomic status had a significantly higher prevalence of IBS (P<0.05). After multivariable logistic regression analysis, very low socioeconomic status had an independent role in IBS predictivity (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.01–5.15). Conclusion: This study shows a higher prevalence of IBS symptoms in a population-based study in the region compared to counterparts in other regions of Iran. Considering the higher prevalence of self-reported psychological disorders, further studies are recommended to focus on the exact diagnosis of mental disorders and their influence on IBS.

scholarly journals The demographic data and the high frequency of chromosome/chromatid breaks as biomarkers for genome integrity have a role in predicting the susceptibility to have Down syndrome in a cohort of Egyptian young-aged mothers

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lama M. El-Attar ◽  
Noha M. Issa ◽  
Hanan Salah Eldin Mahrous
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Chromosome 21 ◽  
Genome Integrity ◽  
Young Mothers ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Down syndrome (DS) is a common numerical chromosome disorder that has its burden on both family and community. The well-known risk factor for chromosome 21 nondisjunction is advanced maternal age which failed to explain the occurrence of Down syndrome born to mothers less than 35 years. This study aimed to assess the effect of demographic data (consanguinity, residency area, and socioeconomic state) and chromosome/chromatid breaks as biomarkers for genome integrity on the susceptibility of young mothers to have a child with Down syndrome. Results Fifty mothers with a history of at least one DS pregnancy before the age of 35 were compared to 50 control mothers. There was a significant increase in DS births in consanguineous parents (46%) compared to 20% in non-consanguineous ones (OR = 3.40; 95% CI = 1.4–8.20, P = 0.006). Young mothers with DS children were more likely to be from rural areas (60%) than urban areas (40%) (OR = 2.66; 95%, CI = 1.18–5.98, P = 0.017) and of a low socioeconomic status (62%) rather than a high socioeconomic status (38%) (OR = 3.80; 95%, CI = 1.65–8.74, P = 0.001). Chromosome/chromatid breaks were detected in 76% of DS young mothers and 32% of control mothers (P < 0.001). There was an odds ratio of chromatid breaks of 8.50 (3.411–21.17) and chromosome breaks of 3.93 (1.40–11.05) with significant difference between the studied groups (P < 0.001 and P = 0.009 respectively). Conclusion In addition to advanced maternal age, consanguinity, residency in rural areas, and low socioeconomic status could be considered as possible risk factors for Down syndrome. The high frequency of chromosome/chromatid breaks in young mothers with a previous history of DS children highlights the impact of genome integrity on the tendency to chromosome 21 nondisjunction. These findings are valuable in predicting having a Down syndrome baby and providing proper genetic counseling for high-risk families.

scholarly journals Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Psychological Disorder or Poverty? Results of a Large Cross-sectional Study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 821-826
Author(s):  
Saba Alvand ◽  
Zahra Mohammadi ◽  
Laleh Rashidian ◽  
Bahman Cheraghian ◽  
Zahra Rahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Rome Iii Criteria ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Rome Iii ◽  
History Of ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disease with no exact laboratory or imaging findings. IBS is more common in areas with a history of psychological trauma and war. This study aims to report the prevalence and possible determinants of IBS in southwestern Iran, an area with a notable history of war. Methods: We randomly enrolled 1849 permanent residents in 29 cities aged 20 to 65 years. A validated for Farsi version Rome III criteria and a questionnaire, including demographic data and health history, were administered to each subject. Participants who fulfilled the Rome III criteria were categorized into three groups: Diarrhea dominant (IBS-D), Constipation dominant (IBS-C), and Mixed type (IBS-M). Results: The total prevalence of IBS was 3.2%, with 70% of subjects being of Arab descent (P=0.004). IBS was more common in females, singles, illiterate subjects, and people younger than 30 years; however, none of these differences were statistically significant. People with depression, anxiety, self-report of psychological disorders, and very low socioeconomic status had a significantly higher prevalence of IBS (P<0.05). After multivariable logistic regression analysis, very low socioeconomic status had an independent role in IBS predictivity (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.01–5.15). Conclusion: This study shows a higher prevalence of IBS symptoms in a population-based study in the region compared to counterparts in other regions of Iran. Considering the higher prevalence of self-reported psychological disorders, further studies are recommended to focus on the exact diagnosis of mental disorders and their influence on IBS.

Tomorrow never knows: Paradoxical effects of a future prime on performance among low socioeconomic status college students

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dayle Herrmann ◽  
Jessica Bodford ◽  
Robert Adelman ◽  
Oliver Graudejus ◽  
Morris Okun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Paradoxical Effects
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