Correlations between Psychiatric Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients with Psychological Disorders: Hospital-Based Retrospective Study

Little research has been conducted on the relationship between the five-item Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS-5) and quality of life in patients with mood disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential effects of psychological symptoms on quality of life in patients with psychological disorders. We recruited 124 patients with psychological disorders from a psychological teaching hospital in northern Taiwan. Data were obtained from medical records of all patients with a diagnosis of mood or adjustment disorder. We assessed psychological symptoms on the BSRS-5 and examined quality of life by using the Taiwanese version of the abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). We performed hierarchical linear regression analysis to explore the relationship between psychological symptoms and quality of life. The analysis revealed a significant correlation between the items on the BSRS-5 and WHOQOL and their correlations with the total scores on these assessments (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). Our findings indicated that scores on the BSRS-5 can predict scores on quality of life. This suggests that psychometrically measured psychological symptoms constitute critical determinants of quality of life.

Comparison of fatigue, cognitive dysfunction and psychological disorders in post-COVID patients and patients after sepsis: is there a specific constellation?

Background Sequelae of COVID-19 can be severe and longlasting. We compared frequencies of fatigue, depression and cognitive dysfunction in survivors of SARS-CoV-2-infection and sepsis. Methods We performed a prospective cohort study of 355 symptomatic post-COVID patients who visited our out-patient clinic for post-COVID-19 care. We compared them with 272 symptomatic patients from the Mid-German Sepsis Cohort, which investigates the long-term courses of sepsis survivors. Possible predictors for frequent clinical findings (fatigue, signs of depression, cognitive dysfunction) in post-COVID were investigated with multivariable logistic regression. Results Median age of the post-COVID patients was 51 years (range 17–86), 60.0% were female, and 31.8% required hospitalization during acute COVID-19. In the post-COVID patients (median follow-up time: 163 days) and the post-sepsis patients (180 days), fatigue was found in 93.2% and 67.8%, signs of depression were found in 81.3% and 10.9%, and cognitive dysfunction was found in 23.5% and 21.3%, respectively. In post-COVID, we did not observe an association between fatigue or depression and the severity of acute COVID-19. In contrast, cognitive dysfunction was associated with hospitalization (out-patient versus in-patient) and more frequent in post-COVID patients treated on an ICU compared to the MSC patients. Conclusion In post-COVID patients, fatigue and signs of depression are more common than in sepsis survivors, independent from the acute SARS-CoV-2-infection. In contrast, cognitive dysfunction is associated with hospitalization. Despite the differences in frequencies, owing to the similarity of post-COVID and post-sepsis sequelae, this knowledge may help in implementing follow-up approaches after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The Association Between Dietary Insulin Index and Load With Mental Health

Background: Depression, anxiety, and stress are common mental problems in different populations. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the association between dietary insulin index (DII) and insulin load (DIL) and psychological disorders. Method: Participants (n = 10,000) aged 20-69 were randomly selected from 200 clusters in Yazd from the recruitment phase of Yazd Health Study. Dietary intake of study participants was collected by a reliable and validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) consisting of 178 food items. DII and DIL were calculated from the FFQ data using previously published reference values. To assess psychological disorders an Iranian validated short version of a self-reported questionnaire (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 [DASS21]) was used.Results: No significant association was observed between DIL and DII with odds of depression or anxiety in crude and adjusted models. The individuals in the highest quartiles of DIL had the lowest odds of stress (OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.48–1.01, P-trend = 0.047). This association remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders in model II (OR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.16–0.91, P-trend = 0.039) and the third and final model (OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.16–0.91, P-trend = 0.041).Conclusion: Overall, consumption of foods with higher II as well as IL was associated with lower feelings of stress; however, no significant relation was observed between DII or DIL and risk of depression and anxiety. Further studies with longitudinal design are needed to confirm these results.

Do Psychological Factors, Pain, and Sleep Quality Correlate With Disability and Occupational Performance in Hand Burns?

Background and Objectives: Burn injuries are one of the most common traumas after traffic accidents, falls, and interpersonal violence. This study was done to investigate the correlation between psychological factors, pain, and sleep quality, and disability and occupational performance in subjects with hand and upper extremity burns. Methods: A total of 80 patients with hand and upper extremity burn injuries (16 females and 64 males) with a Mean±SD age of 39.9±10.79 years, mean burn depth (Deep Partial Thickness/ Full Thickness) of 3.42±2.66, and Mean±SD burns extent 1.06±0.24 participated in this non-experimental cross-sectional study using a non-probability sampling method. Their psychological disorders were measured using the Beck Anxiety Disorder Scale and the Self-Rating Depression Scale. The pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale, sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), disability was assessed using the Shortened Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) Questionnaire, level of independence in daily living activity was measured by the Modified Barthel Index, and occupational performance was measured by the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Results: Psychological factors, pain, and sleep quality were significantly correlated with disability and occupational performance. The regression models explained up to 34.4% of the variance for disability outcome and 12.4% for occupational performance. By assessing the correlation between the psychological disorders, pain, and sleep quality, and disability and occupational performance in these patients, we found that sleep quality was the strongest contributing factor Followed by PSQI. Conclusion: Sleep quality is one of the important factors affecting the occupational performance of patients with hand and upper extremity burns injury that should be considered by therapists.

A Psychological Analysis of the Main Character in the Novel” Daryas and Bakhtiar Ali’s Bodies”. In Light of the Method of Psychological Criticism

The title of this paper is to measure the personality of the main character in the novel of {Daryas and lashakan} which means { Daryas and corpses} of Bakhtyar Ali.Then taking into consideration a method of psychoanalytic criticism. Of course personality in the novel texts is significant and has a big role, so psycho has an impact on reflecting the personality. This paper tries to analyse the personality of the main characters in the novel in the light of the method of psychoanalytic criticism. The paper is divided into two parts: the first section is about the definition of the term psychology. The second section is devoted to the relation between literature and psychology. Also in the third section a method of psychoanalytic criticism in literature has been presented. In the first section of the second part is about the personality of the character of the novel and the aim of the novel. The character hs been assessed in terms of five psychological disorders ( depression, pessimism, low self-esteem, fear and worry, anger and oppositional deiant disorder ). Through those psychological disorders this paper tries to assess the personality of both characters ( Elyas and Daryas ). Elyas believed in running revolution but Daryas didnt believe in the revolution.

Impact of Psychological Disorders on Clinical Presentation of Pediatric Patients Following a Concussion

ObjectiveTo examine differences in clinical symptom measures between pediatric patients with a history of depression and/or anxiety and no history of psychological disorders (PD) following a concussion.BackgroundLimited information exists regarding impact of pre-existing psychological disorders on initial clinical presentation in pediatric patients following concussion.Design/MethodsData were prospectively collected from participants aged 5–18 diagnosed with a concussion between August 2015 and March 2020. Demographics and clinical measures from initial presentation were reviewed, including SCAT-5 Symptom, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, and Brief Resiliency Scale (BRS). Participants were separated into 4 groups based on self-reported prior diagnosis: depression, anxiety, both, and no PD.ResultsOne thousand seven hundred seventy participants included: 50 depression, 82 anxiety, 84 both, and 1,554 no PD history. There was no significant difference in age, sex, prior concussion history, or time to presentation between the depression and no PD group, or the anxiety and no PD group. The both group was older, had more females and prior concussions, and presented later than the no PD group. The depression, anxiety, and both groups had higher rates of learning disorders than the no PD group (40%, 47.6%, 46.4% vs 16.4%, all p < 0.001). Each PD group had higher symptom severity scores than the no PD group. The PD groups all reported higher GAD-7 and PHQ-8 scores and lower BRS scores compared to the no PD group. The both group had the highest symptom severity, GAD-7, and PHQ-8 scores along with the lowest BRS score. All findings p = 0.001.ConclusionsDifferences were seen in participants with a history of depression and/or anxiety at initial clinical presentation, including history of learning disability, symptom severity scores, and screening tests for depression, anxiety, and resiliency compared to those without a history of PD. Understanding differences at initial presentation may urge providers to engage multidisciplinary teams in facilitating patient recovery.

Investigations on the Respiratory Function in COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study

Introduction. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health crisis. However, whether it can cause respiratory dysfunction or physical and psychological disorders in patients remains unknown. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the respiratory function, activities of daily living, quality of life, and mental status of patients with COVID-19. Participants and outcomes. Data was collected from the follow-up of eligible patients who attended the fever clinic of three hospitals in Jiangxi Province, from March to May 2020. The outcomes included respiratory muscle function, degree of dyspnea, aerobic capacity, activities of daily living, quality of life, and mental status. Results. A total of 139 patients (72 men and 67 women) were included in this study. The proportions of mild, moderate, severe, and critical cases of COVID-19 were 7.1% (10 cases), 68.3% (95 cases), 20.1% (28 cases), and 4.2% (6 cases), respectively. The rates of abnormal maximal inspiratory pressure were 10.0%, 25.2%, 25.0%, and 16.7%, respectively. There were 50%, 65.3%, 50%, and 66.7% of the patients with abnormal dyspnea in the four clinical classifications, respectively. Patients generally show a decline in quality of life, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Conclusions. Respiratory dysfunction, decreased quality of life, and psychological disorders were present in each clinical classification of COVID-19. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out respiratory rehabilitation and psychological intervention for COVID-19 patients.