Temperament, Adjustment, and Alcoholism in Adult Female Incest Victims

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Carson ◽  
James R. Council ◽  
Margaret A. Volk
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Alcohol Group ◽  
Daily Behavior ◽  
Incest Victims ◽  
History Of

Female adult incest victims differing in history of alcoholism were compared to an alcoholism-only and a no incest/no alcoholism group on dimensions of temperament, psychological adjustment, and self-esteem. Incest victims with histories of alcoholism were more alienated and withdrawn, less rhythmical in their daily behavior, and evidenced lower self-esteem, more negative mood, greater social nonconformity, and more emotional discomfort than women in the other three groups. Women in the no incest/no alcohol group showed the best self-esteem and psychological adjustment and were generally more positive in the expression of various temperamental characteristics. The findings also suggested an association between incestuous victimization and an alcoholic family of origin.

Family-of-origin characteristics and current family relationships of female adult incest victims

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Carson ◽  
Linda M. Gertz ◽  
Mary Ann Donaldson ◽  
Stephen A. Wonderlich
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Incest Victims

Women's Self-Esteem: A Community Study of Women who Report and do not Report Childhood Sexual Abuse

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Romans ◽  
Judy Martin ◽  
Paul Mullen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Community Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
History Of ◽  
Poor Relationship

BackgroundThe determinants of self-esteem have been little studied in non-clinic samples. It has been suggested recently that child sexual abuse (CSA) may be a major determinant of low self-esteem in adulthood.MethodThe psychosocial circumstances associated with low self-esteem in two random samples of women, one reporting CSA, the other not were compared, with particular emphasis on characteristics of family of origin. A two-phase (postal-then-interview) random community study assessed self-esteem and related variables.ResultsPsychosocial variables predicting low self-esteem were the same in the two groups. They included being a follower or a loner, having an overcontrolling mother, being poorly qualified, giving a history of depressive disorder and displaying current psychiatric disorder. In addition, the subject's CSA status led to low self-esteem but only when it was of the most intrusive type. The CSA women had a substantially lower mean total self-esteem score. However, not all aspects of self-esteem were diminished equally; 12/30 items differed between the two groups, and two of the five generated self-esteem factors, which we named Pessimism and Fatalism, which differed between the control group and the whole CSA group. There were no differences for Likeability and Determination.ConclusionsPredictors of low self-esteem for women include childhood temperament, a poor relationship with the mother, low qualification attainment, psychiatric morbidity, both previous and current, and, only when it is the most intrusive, CSA.

scholarly journals Autoestima, autocompasión y afecto positivo y negativo en víctimas y agresores de bullying: Estudio comparativo con medidas autoinformadas e informadas por pares

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Juan Múzquiz ◽  
Ana María Perez-García ◽  
José Bermúdez
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Bully Victims ◽  
Peer Report

Self-esteem, self-compassion and positive and negative affect in victims and bullies: A comparative study with self-report and peer-report measuresAbstract: Bullying is a prevalent problem with numerous negative consequences in psychological adjustment, especially for victims. However, most research on the topic is based on self-report measures subject to several biases and other limitations. The present study assessed self-esteem, positive and negative affect and self-compassion in 649 adolescents classified into victims, bullies, bully-victims and not involved students through peer- and self-report measures. Results showed that considering oneself a bully or a victim was associated with the psychological outcomes, being so in peer-report measures. Also, in selfreport measures, not involved participants showed higher levels of self-compassion than the other groups. The present research highlights the importance of including self-report and peer-report measures of bullying when studying the psychological adjustment of victims and bullies.Keywords: Self-compassion; bullying; self-esteem; adolescence; affect; self-report; peer-report.Resumen: El bullying es un problema altamente prevalente con numerosas consecuencias negativas sobre el ajuste psicológico, especialmente para las víctimas. Sin embargo, la mayoría de las investigaciones están basadas en autoinformes que están sujetos a diversos sesgos. La presente investigación evaluó la autoestima, el afecto positivo y negativo y la autocompasión de 649 adolescentes clasificados como víctimas, agresores, agresores-víctimas o no implicados utilizando medidas auto- y heteroinformadas por los compañeros. Los resultados mostraron que autorreconocerse como agresor o víctima guardó una asociación con las medidas de ajuste analizadas, más allá de serlo en las medidas heteroinformadas. En las medidas autoinformadas los participantes no implicados mostraron mayores niveles de autocompasión que los otros grupos. Se resalta la importancia de utilizar de manera conjunta medidas autoinformadas y heteroinformadas para estudiar variables relacionadas con el ajuste psicológico de víctimas y agresores.Palabras clave: Autocompasión; bullying; autoestima; adolescencia; afecto; autoinforme; informe de pares.

Georg Misch’s A History of Autobiography and the problem of self-esteem

Human Affairs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-352
Author(s):  
Maja Soboleva
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe paper focuses on the rediscovery of Misch’s A History of Autobiography and its relevance to the problem of self-knowledge and self-esteem. Misch’s work is used to reconstruct a new aspect of self-esteem and to demonstrate that self-esteem can be interpreted as an early historical form of self-knowledge. In particular, self-esteem is characterized as a kind of self-knowledge in the category of the Other, that is, self-esteem appears to be self-knowledge derived from the social perspective regarding the individual.

scholarly journals Representatives of neighbouring countries and their national character as reflected in the world outlook of the Lithuanian

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Silvija Papaurėlytė-Klovienė
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
National Character ◽  
The Other ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
World Outlook ◽  
Dominant Feature ◽  
The World ◽  
Computer Linguistics ◽  
History Of

  The paper sets out to discuss character features attributed to Byelorussians, Latvians, Poles, Russians, Germans, i.e. representatives of neighbouring nations or those most prominent in the history of Lithuania as identified in the world outlook of the Lithuanian language. In other words, the paper aims at identifying ethnical stereotypes entrenched in the world outlook of the Lithuanian language. The data includes all collocations with all the words baltarusiškas (-a), latviškas (-a), lenkiškas (-a), rusiškas (-a), vokiškas (-a) in all their forms collected from the Corpus of Contemporary Lithuanian compiled at the Centre of Computer Linguistics of Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas. The results of the analysis into actual usage have been supplemented by the results of the content analysis of international anecdotes. The methodology of research is based on conceptual analysis.The results of investigation have shown that the closest neighbours are unlikely to be the best known. Representatives of Latvia and Belarus, or countries bordering on Lithuania, have been only fragmentary reflected in the world outlook of the Lithuanian language. Poles, Russians or Germans, the latter are usually not treated as neighbours, are much better known. The language world outlook has identified Polish patriotism and sometimes self-esteem going to the extremes. Russians are thought of as open, ingenuous people whose patriotic feelings might overstep certain boundaries and pose danger. The dominant feature of German national character is their inclination to order, sometimes also rather extreme.Such features might be due to several causes. Russians and Poles make up a large part of the population of national minorities of Lithuania, which is why they are seen as slightly closer. On the other hand, Lithuania is historically related to Poland, Russia and Germany.The language world outlook tends to provide more details on negative features. The tendency also applies when discussing the national character of representatives of other nations. Most outstanding features are verbalised hyperbolically and ironically.

Can the Academic Self-Concept be Positive and Realistic?

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimer Kornmann
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Other Hand

Summary: My comment is basically restricted to the situation in which less-able students find themselves and refers only to literature in German. From this point of view I am basically able to confirm Marsh's results. It must, however, be said that with less-able pupils the opposite effect can be found: Levels of self-esteem in these pupils are raised, at least temporarily, by separate instruction, academic performance however drops; combined instruction, on the other hand, leads to improved academic performance, while levels of self-esteem drop. Apparently, the positive self-image of less-able pupils who receive separate instruction does not bring about the potential enhancement of academic performance one might expect from high-ability pupils receiving separate instruction. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed that individual progress in learning be accentuated, and that comparisons with others be dispensed with. This fosters a self-image that can in equal measure be realistic and optimistic.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

Theodor W. Adorno

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colby Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
History Of Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

In his somewhat controversial book Remnants of Auschwitz, Agamben makes brief reference to Theodor Adorno’s apparently contradictory remarks on perceptions of death post-Auschwitz, positions that Adorno had taken concerning Nazi genocidal actions that had seemed also to reflect something horribly errant in the history of thought itself. There was within such murderous acts, he had claimed, a particular degradation of death itself, a perpetration of our humanity bound in some way to affect our perception of reason itself. The contradictions regarding Auschwitz that Agamben senses to be latent within Adorno’s remarks involve the intuition ‘on the one hand, of having realized the unconditional triumph of death against life; on the other, of having degraded and debased death. Neither of these charges – perhaps like every charge, which is always a genuinely legal gesture – succeed in exhausting Auschwitz’s offense, in defining its case in point’ (RA 81). And this is the stance that Agamben wishes to hammer home quite emphatically vis-à-vis Adorno’s limitations, ones that, I would only add, seem to linger within Agamben’s own formulations in ways that he has still not come to reckon with entirely: ‘This oscillation’, he affirms, ‘betrays reason’s incapacity to identify the specific crime of Auschwitz with certainty’ (RA 81).

The World after the End of the World

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kas Saghafi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
End Of The World

In several late texts, Derrida meditated on Paul Celan's poem ‘Grosse, Glühende Wölbung’, in which the departure of the world is announced. Delving into the ‘origin’ and ‘history’ of the ‘conception’ of the world, this paper suggests that, for Derrida, the end of the world is determined by and from death—the death of the other. The death of the other marks, each and every time, the absolute end of the world.

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