scholarly journals Rewriting a History of Open Universities

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungmee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Autobiographical Narratives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Distance Educators

This article reports eight distance teachers’ stories about teaching at two open universities over the past two decades with a focus on their perceptions and feelings about the changes in their teaching practice. This qualitative study employed a methodological approach called the autoethnographic interview, aiming to document more realistic histories of the open universities and to imagine a better future for those universities. As a result, the paper presents autobiographical narratives of distance teachers that dissent from the general historical accounts of open universities. These narratives are categorized into three interrelated themes: a) openness: excessive openness and a lost sense of mission; b) technological innovation: moving online and long-lasting resistance, and c) teaching: transactional interactions and feelings of loneliness. The paper then presents a discussion of useful implications for open universities, which can serve as a starting point for more meaningful discussions among distance educators in a time of change.

Some Issues in CV Phonology With Reference to the History of Chinese

1986 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin G. Pulleyblank
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Syllable Structure ◽  
Phonological Representation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of

My starting point is the theory of CV phonology as developed by Clements and Keyser (1981, 1983) which, in turn, is one of a number of theories of syllable structure that have been proposed during the past decade to replace the earlier linear concept of generative phonology. These theories have in common that the syllable is recognized as a hierarchical unit in phonological representation and not just a concatenation of segments. Kahn (1976), whose dissertation on English first persuaded generative linguists of the need to depart from the linear model, proposed a tier of syllable nodes (here symbolized as $) linked directly to the segments — consonants and vowels — of the traditional analysis, as in the representation of the word Jennifer in (1) (taken from Clements and Keyser 1983:3).

A Brief History of Singapore

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Tarulevicz
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
First Century ◽  
Space And Place ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
History Of

This chapter provides an account of Singapore's recent history, interwoven with key culinary and gastronomic developments. The conventional periodization of Singapore's history into the pre-colonial, Japanese occupation, merger, and independence eras highlights some of the forces that have shaped the nation, but it also privileges state actors. From the early colonial period onward, the ordering of space and place has been a priority that has been demonstrated at the bureaucratic, regulatory, and physical levels. In the past 200 years, Singapore has been radically remade; technological innovation has been one of the mechanisms by which order is achieved. Indeed, Singapore's engagement with the global economy—be that the economy of the British Empire or of the twenty-first-century world of food security fears—has been relentless, and food has been central to the process.

scholarly journals Staging the Past: The Period Room in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kimberley Jane Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
Display Mode ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Museum Professionals ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Over Time

<p>Before 1940, few of the nation’s museums actively collected or displayed artefacts associated with the history of European settlement in New Zealand. Over the following three decades, an interest in ‘colonial history’ blossomed and collections grew rapidly. Faced with the challenge of displaying material associated with the homes of early settlers, museums adopted the period room as a strategy of display. The period room subsequently remained popular with museum professionals until the 1980s, when the type of history that it had traditionally been used to represent was increasingly brought into question. Filling a gap in the literature that surrounds museums and their practices in New Zealand, this thesis attempts to chart the meteoric rise and fall of the period room in New Zealand. Taking the two period rooms that were created for the New Zealand Centennial Exhibition in 1939 as its starting point, the thesis begins by considering the role that the centennials, jubilees and other milestones celebrated around New Zealand in the 1940s and 1950s played in the development of period rooms in this country, unpacking the factors that fuelled the popularity of this display mode among exhibition organisers and museum professionals. The thesis then charts the history of the period room in the context of three metropolitan museums – the Otago Early Settlers Museum, the Canterbury Museum, and the Dominion Museum – looking at the physical changes that were made to these displays over time, the attitudes that informed these changes, and the role that period rooms play in these institutions today.</p>

Freedom of Speech and Religion

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Altman
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central Values ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law

Freedom of speech and religion are among the central values of modern constitutional democracies. Efforts to understand what these freedoms mean and why they are important, and to translate them into enduring institutional arrangements, constitute a major part of the history of such democracies. As the twenty-first century begins, the political and theoretical debates over these values are not the same as they were in the past. Although centuries of philosophical controversy and institutional experimentation have settled some issues, others have been raised, with some surprising twists. Constitutional democracies rest on the principle that all citizens are to be treated as free and equal persons under the law. The principle is the settled starting point for all reasonable debate about freedom of speech and religion, and it entails that the law must secure for each citizen an equal and extensive scheme of basic liberties, including the liberties of speech and religion.

scholarly journals The past and future of the social sciences. A Schumpeterian theory of scientific development?

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1701-1722
Author(s):  
Stefano Lucarelli ◽  
Alfonso Giuliani ◽  
Hervé Baron
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Japanese Scholar ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Questions

AbstractThe paper argues that Vergangenheit und Zukunft der Sozialwissenschaften (The Past and Future of the Social Sciences), a contribution not always well understood in the literature, is important to an understanding of Schumpeter’s concept of development as applied to the field of the social sciences. To this end, it addresses three key questions. First, can the book be taken as a starting point to reconstruct a Schumpeterian theory of scientific development? Second, is Vergangenheit und Zukunft merely ‘a brief outline of what first became the Epochen [der Dogmen- und Methodengeschichte] and finally the History of Economic Analysis’, as Elizabeth Boody Schumpeter wrote in her Editor’s Introduction (July 1952) to the latter work (p. XXXII), or should it be read as a complement to Epochen and perhaps the History? Third, is the eminent Japanese scholar Shionoya right to claim that Schumpeter’s work pursued the ambitious goal of developing a ‘comprehensive sociology’?

Abdul Halim Hasan and His Methodological Approach in Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim (Abdul Halim Hasan dan Metodologinya dalam Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim)

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 376-396
Author(s):  
Nadzrah Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Malay Archipelago ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Academic Measures ◽  
Qur'anic Exegesis

Abstract Abdul Halim Hasan was a Malay exegetical writer of Indonesian origin. His work on Qur’anic exegesis or tafsir, transcended geographical boundaries and reached audiences around the Malay regions, especially Malaysia. The academic value of this particular tafsir is undeniably outstanding as an early twentieth century exegetical writing. This paper highlights Abdul Halim Hasan and his academic measures in the writing of Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim. Emphasis was given towards his biography and methodological contribution in tafsir. This qualitative study utilized deductive and inductive method to examine and discuss his tafsir as well as methodology. The result indicated that Abdul Halim Hasan implemented specific methodology in his tafsir, benefitting from his reference of the past scholars in this field. Keywords: Tafsir methodology, Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim, Abdul Halim Hasan, Tiga Serangkai, Indonesian exegesis, Malay Archipelago.   Abstrak Abdul Halim Hasan merupakan ulama tafsir Melayu yang berasal dari Indonesia. Pengaruh tafsirnya melangkaui sempadan ke seluruh Nusantara terutamanya Malaysia. Nilai akademik bagi karya tafsirnya ini tidak dapat disangkal lagi sebagai sebuah tafsir berpengaruh awal kurun ke dua puluh. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat latarbelakang bagi pengarang tafsir ini, Haji Abdul Halim Hassan, dan karya akademiknya, Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim. Fokus utama akan diberikan terhadap biografi penulis sumbangannya dari sudut metodologi dalam penafsiran al-Quran. Kajian ini adalah suatu kajian kualitatif yang akan menggunapakai kaedah deduksi dan induksi, bagi menkaji dan menyususun metodologi yang dipraktik oleh beliau dalam penulisan tafsirnya. Kajian mendapati beliau menggunakan kaedah khusus didalam penafsirannya yang diambil dari kefahamannya keatas penulisan tafsir oleh ulama-ulama terdahulunya, Kata Kunci: Metodologi Tafsir, Tafsir Al-Quran Al-Karim, Abdul Halim Hasan, Tiga Serangkai, Ulama Tafsir Indonesian, Kepulauan Melayu Nusantara.  

Oral Sources and Social Differentiation in the Jaara Kingdom from the Sixteenth Century: A Methodological Approach

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 123-139
Author(s):  
Mamadou Diawara
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Oral Literature ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The dawn of the history of the kingdom of Jaara, during the era of the Jawara dynasty (from the fifteenth to the mid-nineteenth century) is shaped by the story of Daaman Gille and his companions, the most important of whom is Jonpisugo. The lives of these two characters—linked up until their death at Banbagede, where their tombs are only a few hundred meters apart—were the subject of a rich oral literature, all the more noteworthy given the rarity of written documents.In my earlier work (Diawara 1985, 1989, 1990) I discussed the typology of narratives and the specific role of women servants as historians of their social group. The oral sources include family traditions from all social classes, except for recently acquired slaves; the recitals of professional narrators who were by heredity in the service of protector families whose history they proclaimed to the public; the narratives of servants, including the tanbasire, a collection of women's songs from among the royal servants, or the accounts of people who, with their ancestors, had long been slaves (cf. Diawara 1990).Historical chance brings together Daama and Jonpisugo, but their respective social standing differentiates them; just as “friendship” brings together the master and the servant, so the struggle for power leads to the birth of differences in the conception of “the things of the past” among their descendants. How is the past constructed and lived differently by their respective progeny or supposed descendants? What poetic license accrues to the offspring of he who was only a servant, even if he was a royal servant? The response to this question explains the dynamic of a particular servants' oral documentation.

The Decline and Fall of the True Christian Church: The English Deist View

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans J. Hillerbrand
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Christian Religion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

AbstractChristian Deism broke radically with the past and had its starting point in the notion that Christianity, as it was known, was perverted and no longer represented in the true and apostolic faith. Many of the titles of most of the Deist's books expressed this dismay over the state of the Christian religion, the need for re-interpretation of the nature of the true gospel and for reform. While most books reflected on the matter, the individual perspectives differed on the questions: Whom to blame for this fall? How to date it? What was the correct issue? The article argues that it was not the contention of the English Deists that some churches had erred in some points, but that all the churches had erred in all points: The entire system of the Christian religion was perverted. Their view of the history of Christianity was intimately connected with their view of the person and significance of Jesus.

scholarly journals 340 - VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS SECONDARY TO ROPINIROLE: CASE REPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 100-100
Author(s):  
A.M. Carvalheiro ◽  
Joana Maia
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Clinical Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stimulation Of

Objectives:Using as a starting point a clinical case, the authors performed a literature review to clarify the relationship between visual hallucinations and treatment with ropinirole.Methods:Analysis of the patient's clinical process and brief review of the latest available literature on the subject, published in PubMed/Medline databases.Results:Female patient, 89 years old, without psychiatric illness, brought to the emergency room by visual hallucinations, in the past 3 days “I see red, blue and green spots and roses on your sweater and a lot of flowers on that lady's blouse”sic. She recognised them as unreal (pseudo hallucinations) “no, nothing is there. It's from my eyes. I am fine of the head”sic. She has a personal history of glaucoma for decades, and restless legs syndrome for about 1 year, medicated with ropinirole. Adherence to therapeutic has been explored and it was found that she has been increasing, progressively and by its own initiative, the dose of ropinirole. She claims to be currently taking two pills of 8 mg twice daily (the recommended daily dose is 24 mg).Conclusions:Studies indicate that the incidence of hallucinations during the treatment of RLS with ropinirole is less than 1%, which can be justified by its high affinity for D3 receivers compared to D2 receivers. However, it is also known that the over-stimulation of dopamine receptors (by overdose or rapid titration) can cause hallucinations, which may have been the cause of the patient's clinical condition. This clinical case also allows to alert for the importance of excluding organic causes in the diagnosis of visual hallucinations.

scholarly journals Philosophy of History of N.A. Berdyaev: The Existential End of History or an Apocalipsis Interiorized

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Artem Khamidulin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Philosophy Of Time ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
End Of History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment

The article analyzes the philosophy of history of N. A. Berdyaev. The starting point of the article is the thesis about the relationship between the problematics of time and historical science. It is noted that for Berdyaev, the philosophy of time is one of the main themes of his philosophy of history. Attention is drawn to the feeling of dissatisfaction experienced by Berdyaev with the fluidity and mobility of time. The perception of the philosopher of time as solicitude and, to a large extent, as an evil or a disease that must be overcome is explicated. The reality of the past and future times equal to the present is revealed. The author demonstrates the bliss inspired by actual experience and philosophy of time. Concept of psychological time of Augustine, which justifies the reality of the past, present and future. Teaching about the instantaneity of the present as a point of interaction between time (historical and cosmic) and eternity (celestial time) of Berdyaev is considered. The possibility of experiencing this kind of moment is considered by Berdyaev on the basis of the existential dimension of time that flows in the depths of the human spirit. The author notes the influence of the teaching about the moment by Danish philosopher Sшren Kierkegaard on Berdyaev. A parallel is drawn between teaching on the meaning of the moment by Berdyaev and the concept of "kairos" of German theologian Paul Tillich. The article analyzes eschatology of Berdyaev, which determines his belonging to the traditions of the Russian religious philosophy of history. Two possible ways to overcome time are revealed: in an instant, i.e. repeatedly during human life, and as a result of the total end of history, which, according to Berdyaev, is also to a large extent a phenomenon of the existential sphere of being. According to Berdyaev, this kind of exit from time gives the opportunity to learn the meaning of history, on the one hand, and to free oneself from the enslaving power of time, on the other. It is concluded that Berdyaev understood the end of history existentially as a special spiritual experience that allows us to overcome time and look at history in terms of eternity.

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