Physical Testing of a High-Speed Helico-Axial Pump for High-GVF Operation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidrim Enoch Ejim ◽  
Jinjiand Xiao ◽  
Woon Yung Lee ◽  
Wilson Andres Zabala
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Pump Operation ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Intake Pressure ◽  
Gas Volume

Abstract High-speed rotordynamic pump operation for downhole or surface production is required and also beneficial to handle very high gas volume fraction (GVF) flows. Operating speeds of these pumps can be in excess of twice those of conventional pumps. This study presents results showing a high-speed helico-axial pump (HAP) can operate satisfactorily at intake GVFs up to 98%. The findings increase capabilities of field engineers and operators to boost and maximize production from high gas-content wells. The HAP tested had a housing outer diameter of 4.00-inch and operated at a rotational speed of 6000 revolutions per minutes (RPM). Air and water were the test fluids with the water volume flow rate held constant while the air volume flow rate was varied. The liquid and gas volume flow rates varied from 63 to 143 barrels per day (BPD), and 549 to 3238 BPD, respectively. Intake pressures varied from 14 to 76 psig, with average inlet temperature of 18°C. The corresponding discharge pressures and temperatures were recorded for each test point and observed for stable pump operation. The results showed that the HAP had stable operation during the tests for intake GVF range from 84% to 98%. Pump discharge pressures for this range of high intake GVF varied from 21 to 89 psig. The corresponding differential pressures across the HAP all had positive magnitudes indicating that at such high-speeds, the HAP was still able to add energy to the fluid even with the high gas content at intake. Analysis at fixed intake pressure with varying GVFs showed that the discharge-to-intake pressure ratio decreased with increasing intake GVF. For instance, at 33psig intake pressure, increasing the intake GVF from 84% to 94% decreased the discharge-to-intake pressure ratio from about 1.27 to 1.20, respectively. It was also observed that tightening the clearance between the impeller and diffuser of the HAP increased the discharge pressure compared to when the clearance was loose. Furthermore, ensuring the upstream flow is properly conditioned also improved the stable operation of the HAP. Overall and in conclusion, running a HAP at high speeds in addition to optimizing certain features of the HAP can result in stable pump operation and enhanced pressure boosting in high-GVF flows. This study mainly highlights the importance of operating HAPs at high speeds of up to 6000 RPM. Tightening clearances between rotordynamic components as well as tailored inlet flow conditioning are also additional features that enhance pressure boosting. This architecture opens up opportunities for field operators, and engineering personnel to maximize hydrocarbon production from their very high-gas content field assets, thereby increasing the economic bottomline for the stakeholders.

Characteristics of Stable Rotating Stall Cells in an Axial Compressor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam R. Hickman ◽  
Scott C. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Axial Compressor ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Rotating Stall ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Double Phase

Flow field measurements of a high-speed axial compressor are presented during pre-stall and post-stall conditions. The paper provides an analysis of measurements from a circumferential array of unsteady shroud static pressure sensors during stall cell development. At low-speed, the stall cell approached a stable size in approximately two rotor revolutions. At higher speeds, the stall cell developed within a short amount of time after stall inception, but then fluctuated in circumferential extent as the compressor transiently approached a stable post-stall operating point. The size of the stall cell was found to be related to the annulus average flow coefficient. A discussion of Phase-Locked Average (PLA) statistics on flow field measurements during stable operation is also included. In conditions where rotating stall is present, flow field measurements can be Double Phase-Locked Averaged (DPLA) using a once-per-revolution (1/Rev) pulse and the period of the stall cell. The DPLA method provides greater detail and understanding into the structure of the stall cell. DPLA data indicated that a stalled compressor annulus can be considered to contained three main regions: over-pressurized passages, stalled passages, and recovering passages. Within the over-pressured region, rotor passages exhibited increased blade loading and pressure ratio compared to pre-stall values.

scholarly journals Акустический расходомер

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 1434
Author(s):  
В.А. Бузановский
Keyword(s):  
Relative Error ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Metrological Characteristics ◽  
Simple Design ◽  
Liquid Substance

The design and metrological characteristics of the acoustic flowmeter of a flow of a gaseous or liquid substance are considered. It is shown that the device has a simple design, is characterized by high accuracy (relative error of measuring the volume flow rate is less than 1%) and high speed (the time to determine the flow rate is not more than a few milliseconds).

scholarly journals NATURAL GAS HEAT COMBUSTION DETERMINATION ON MEASURING SYSTEMS WITH DUPLICATE GAS UNITS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Petryshyn ◽  
◽  
Olexandr Bas ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Gas Volume

The paper focuses on the need to determine the natural gas heat combustion in order to transition to gas metering in units of energy. The technical organization of gas transportation in the main and distribution pipelines on the territory of Ukraine is shown. A detailed analysis of regulatory and legal support, which regulates the definition and accounting of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of natural gas at gas metering units. The draft Rules for determining the natural gas volume are considered in detail. Specified variants of determining the weighted average value of combustion heat in the case of complex gas supply systems with the use of flow measuring means of gas combustion heat. The necessity and urgency of determining the natural gas heat combustion on measuring systems, which are equipped with duplicate metering units without the installation flow means measuring the heat combustion. Emphasis is placed on the fact that a large number of measuring systems are built on the method of variable pressure drop with the use of standard orifice devices. It is pointed out that this method, according to its physical principle, measures the mass gas flow rate. It is also stipulated that ultrasonic gas meters are often used to complete duplicate metering units. The advantages of ultrasonic meters are given. Attention is drawn to the availability of technical metrological support in Ukraine on the basis calibration prover, which includes two secondary standards gas volume and volume flow rate units. Methods and technical means for determining the natural gas heat combustion are analyzed. The calculation of the gas heat combustion and the Wobbe number based on the density values is shown. It is noted that the value of the gas mass flow rate is related to the value of the gas volume flow rate precisely the value of density. The nonlinear dependence of the gas mass heat combustion for the density, which is associated with a disproportionate change in the percentage of carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms, is shown. The structural scheme of the measuring system with the duplicating metering unit for gas density definition and gas heat combustion calculation is developed. The density calculation and natural gas heat combustion depending on the molar fraction of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the gas from the minimum to the maximum value is carried out. The linear dependence of the change in the gas heat combustion for the molar fraction of nitrogen is established, on the basis of which the method of controlling the gas heat combustion for measuring systems with a duplicate metering unit is proposed. It is shown that the developed procedure for determining the natural gas heat combustion based on the value of density, which is obtained from the calculation of gas mass flow rate and gas volume flow rate consumption on measuring systems with duplicate metering units exactly satisfies class B and C according to DSTU OIML R 140.

Vibration Characteristics of a 75kW Turbo Machine With Air Foil Bearings

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeong-Su Kim ◽  
In Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Vibration Characteristics ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Foil Bearings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Free Environment

Air foil bearings are very attractive bearing systems for turbomachinery because they have several advantages over conventional bearings in terms of oil-free environment, low power loss, long life, and no maintenance. However, most of the developed machines using air foil bearings are limited to small and high-speed rotors of 60,000–120,000 rpm, since the increase in power of turbomachinery requires lower rotor speed and greater loading in bearings, which makes it difficult to use air foil bearings for large machines. In this paper, a 75 kW turboblower using air foil bearings is introduced, and the vibration characteristics of the machine have been investigated experimentally under a wide range of operating conditions, including compressor surge in the performance test. The machine is designed to be fully air lubricated and air cooled, and its operating speed is 20,000–26,000 rpm with maximum pressure ratio of 1.8. The results show that the air foil bearings offer adequate damping to ensure dynamically stable operation in the whole range.

Consecutive-Photo Method to Measure Vapor Volume Flow Rate During Boiling From a Wire Immersed in Saturated Liquid

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. Ammerman ◽  
S. M. You
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Measurement Technique ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Laser Doppler Anemometry ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Bubble Velocity ◽  
Vapor Flow

A photographic measurement technique is developed to quantify the vapor volume flow rate departing from a wire during boiling. The vapor flow rate is determined by measuring the volume of bubbles after departure from the boiling surface in consecutive frames of high-speed video. The measurement technique is more accurate and easier to implement than a previously developed photographic/laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) method. Use of the high-speed camera in place of a standard video camera eliminates the requirement for LDA-acquired bubble velocity measurements. The consecutive-photo method requires relatively few video images to be analyzed to obtain steady-state vapor volume flow rates. The volumetric flow rate data are used to calculate the latent heat transfer and, indirectly, sensible heat transfer which comprise the nucleate boiling heat flux. The measurement technique is applied to a 75-μm diameter platinum wire immersed in saturated FC-72.

Experimental Investigation on the Performance of Scroll Refrigeration Compressor With Suction Injection Cooling

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaihui Sun ◽  
Pengcheng Guo ◽  
Jianjun Feng ◽  
Xiaobo Zheng ◽  
Zhizhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Mixing Model ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Injection Volume ◽  
High Pressure Ratio ◽  
High Injection

Suction injection cooling can be usually used in scroll refrigeration compressor which works under the high speed or high pressure ratio condition, when the atmosphere is severe. In the present paper, the suction injection process is simulated with isobaric adiabatic mixing model, which has been employed by many researchers; and the performance of the scroll compressor with suction injection cooling was investigated experimentally. The test rig was established, and the scroll compressor with suction injection cooling was measured when the pressure ratio rose from 3.4 to 4.5, and the injection volume flow rate rose from 0 to 0.085 m3·h−1. The results indicate that the discharge temperature decreases remarkably with the injection volume flow rate. Also, the COP (Coefficient of Performance) decrease with the injection volume flow rate. When the injection mass ratio is lower than 20%, the decrease of COP is acceptable, at different pressure ratio. At high pressure ratio, the COP could keep unchanged when the injection mass ratio is lower than 10%. Hence, the effect of suction injection cooling is better at the high pressure ratio and low injection volume flow rate. The ideal simulation results agree well with the experimental ones at low injection volume flow rate, but deviate from that at high injection volume flow rate. This is because that the gas-liquid separation happened at high injection ratio, and the isobaric adiabatic mixing model could not predict the process practically. Therefore, a new model will be developed to describe the process accurately.

A Study on Measurement Uncertainty of a Vortex Flow Meter in Discrete Liquid Phase

2011 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 593-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Fei Jia ◽  
De Ren Kong
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Liquid Volume ◽  
Vortex Flowmeter ◽  
Gas Volume

The measurement uncertainty of vortex flowmeter was examined when the gas flow measured was injected with liquid. This test was performed in a multiphase flow calibration facility. A vortex flowmeter of 50 mm in diameter was installed in a 100 mm test section. The gas volume flow rate was held in 141m3/h and the liquid was injected into the gas flow. The liquid volume fractions used at the gas volume flow rate were 0.0106%, 0.0213%,0.0355%,0.0496%,0.0638%,0.0780% and 0.0922%. The small amount of liquid in the gas as discrete droplet is called discrete liquid phase. Analysis on the vortex shedding frequency obtained from a frequency spectra showed that the strouhal values changed from 0.305 to 0.385 with the discrete liquid phase increasing and the total uncertainty of vortex flowmeter was from 0.869% to 2.196%. The experimental result can supply experimental basis for the measurement error correction of vortex flowmeter worked in gas flow with discrete liquid phase.

scholarly journals CONTROLLED LIFTING THE BELL OF THE STATE PRIMARY GAS VOLUME AND VOLUME FLOW RATE STANDARD

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Denys Serediuk ◽  
Yuriy Pelikan ◽  
Oleksandr Bas ◽  
Roman Manulyak
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Primary Standard ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Excess Pressure ◽  
The State ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Gas Volume ◽  
The Impact

The article describes the implemented system of pneumatic lifting of the bell of the state primary standard gas volume and volume flow rate units. The system is composed of unified elements of industrial air preparation. There are elements for air purification in front of the compressor, dehumidifier, refrigerator dryer. With the use of a pneumatic system, the bell can be filled with prepared air with different values of excess pressure. The system is installed as a backup to the current to increase security. Pneumatic lifting of the bell allows you to connect a set of cylinders with pure inert gases or mixtures thereof to determine the impact on the gas meters metrological characteristics.

scholarly journals Study on a high-speed oil-free pump with fluid hydrodynamic lubrication

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 168781402094546
Author(s):  
Xufeng Fang ◽  
Yu Hou ◽  
Yijie Cai ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Tianwei Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Hydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Three Dimension

A novel centrifugal pump with axial directional inlet and outlet flow was presented. The system fluid was employed as the lubricant for the hydrodynamic bearings by which the pump can operate at the maximum speed of 8100 r/min without oil lubrication or rigid support. The performance curves related to the efficiency, head, and volume flow rate were obtained via a water cycle test rig. The efficiency at best efficiency point reached 36.14% with a volume flow rate of 4.13 m3/h and a head of 27.34 m at 7800 r/min. The maximum head reached 37.28 m, with a volume flow rate of 0.568 m3/h at 7800 r/min. The maximum volume flow rate of 6.05 m3/h was obtained with a head of 19.45 m at 8100 r/min. Then, the three-dimension computational fluid dynamics model with Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations and shear stress transport k- ω turbulence model for the pump and bearings was set up individually. The numerical results agreed well with the experimental data.

BC10 Field Mudline Pump Operation Case Study: A Deepwater, Long Tie Back, High GVF and High Viscosity Application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Vieira Debacker ◽  
David Liney ◽  
Mariana Ferreira Palacios ◽  
Nicholas Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Flow Instability ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Pump Operation ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Artificial Lift ◽  
Electrical Submersible Pumps ◽  
Gas Volume

Abstract The Parque das Conchas (BC10) block offshore southern Brazil's Campos Basin has fields with challenging subsea well conditions (high viscosity and high gas content). The fields require subsea boosting to lift the production to the FPSO facility. The field development was conceived with ten Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESP) installed in dummy wells in three different subsea artificial lift manifolds (ALM) in water depths around 2000m. In 2018, the first Mudline Pump (MLP) was installed in the BC10 field. The MLP was conceived to be fully compatible with the existing infrastructure and replaced one of the existing seabed Module of Boost (MOBOs) in the Argonauta O-North field. Argonauta O-North has heavy crude oil and forms tight water-in-oil emulsion. Another challenge in this field is frequent flow instability causing abrupt variations of the Gas Volume Fraction (GVF) at the ALM inlet. The MLP was commissioned and started up in November of 2018. The initial weeks of operation were marked by frequent trips caused mainly by a non-optimized controller combined with excessive flow transients generated in the flowlines and risers, and lack of understanding of the interaction between the pump and the seafloor flowline, manifold system and production riser. The main results of the work performed in the first year of MLP operation were to significantly reduce the number of trips, and to optimize MLP oil production.

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