scholarly journals 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT for Evaluating Periprosthetic Joint Infection and Aseptic Loosening in Rabbit Models

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqun Wang ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Liang Han ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Cong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Infection ◽  
Pullout Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Serological Examination ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
High Range

Abstract Purpose We built a loosening model based on the original infection model of rabbit and evaluated the performance characteristics of 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI in infection and loosening. Methods After surgery, the rabbits were divided into four groups, six in the control group and 10 in the loosening, S. aureus and S. epidermis groups. PET/CT and serological examination were performed every two weeks for three times. After sacrificed, micro-CT, tissue culture, pullout test and scanning electron microscope were performed. Results As for 18F-FDG, performances of control and loosening groups were similar. SUVmax of S. aureus had been consistently in the high range than that of S. epidermis. As for 68Ga-FAPI, control group had the lowest SUVmax in the second week and increased gradually. SUVmax of loosening group began exceed control group since the second week. SUVmax of S. aureus in the second week was the lowest among four group and raised as the number of weeks increased and equalled to SUVmax of S. epidermis in the sixth week. Linear regressions between SUVmax and serology showed that 18F-FDG was positively correlated with CRP and IL-6 while 68Ga-FAPI revealed negative and positive correlation with CRP and IL-6 in the second and sixth week. Besides, both SUVmax and MTV of 18F-FDG or 68Ga-FAPI were negatively correlated with BV/TV and BS/TV. Conclusion In this longitudinal observation, 68Ga-FAPI showed greater sensitivity than 18F-FDG in detecting diseases, and 68Ga-FAPI had not intestinal and muscular uptake. MTV of 68Ga-FAPI were larger than 18F-FDG, which meant that 68Ga-FAPI had the potential to define the scope of lesions more accurately. Finally, SUVmax could not differentiate loosening and infection in 68Ga-FAPI, further study about diagnostic criteria was warranted.

Comparison Between 99mTc-Sulesomab and 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Patient With Suspected Prosthetic Joint Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. e298-e300
Author(s):  
Domenico Albano ◽  
Giovanni Bosio ◽  
Barbara Paghera ◽  
Francesco Bertagna
Keyword(s):  
Prosthetic Joint Infection ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Prosthetic Joint ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

scholarly journals Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Patients With Poor Survival Often Show Brown Adipose Tissue Activation

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1176-1185
Author(s):  
Zahraa Abdul Sater ◽  
Abhishek Jha ◽  
Ahmed Hamimi ◽  
Adel Mandl ◽  
Iris R Hartley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Abstract Context Pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PPGLs) are neuroendocrine tumors that can secrete norepinephrine (NE). Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation is mediated through the action of NE on β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs). In some malignancies, BAT activation is associated with higher cancer activity. Objective To study the relationship between BAT activation and PPGL clinical outcomes. Design A retrospective case-control study that included 342 patients with PPGLs who underwent 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) imaging at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). We excluded all patients with parasympathetic tumors and those who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT after PPGL resection. Scans of 205 patients were reviewed by 2 blinded nuclear medicine physicians; 16 patients had BAT activation on 18F-FDG PET/CT [7.80%; age 27.50 (15.00–45.50) years; 10 female/6 male; body mass index [BMI] 24.90 [19.60–25.35] kg/m2). From the remaining 189 patients, we selected 36 matched controls (age 34.4 [25.4–45.5] years; 21 female/15 male; BMI 25.0 [22.0–26.0] kg/m2). Primary Outcome Measure Overall survival. Results The presence of active BAT on 18F-FDG PET/CT was associated with decreased overall survival when compared with the control group (HRz 5.80; 95% CI, 1.05–32.05; P = 0.02). This association remained significant after adjusting for the SDHB mutation. Median plasma NE in the BAT group was higher than the control group [4.65 vs 0.55 times above the upper limit of normal; P < 0.01]. There was a significant association between higher plasma NE levels and mortality in PPGLs in both groups. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the detection of BAT activity in PPGL patients is associated with higher mortality. We suggest that BAT activation could either be reflecting or contributing to a state of increased host stress that may predict poor outcome in metastatic PPGL.

Time-Related Aortic Inflammatory Response, As Assessed With 18F-FDG PET/CT, in Patients Hospitalized With Severe or Critical COVID-19 The COVAIR Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charalambos Vlachopoulos ◽  
Dimitrios Terentes - Printzios ◽  
Paraskevi Katsaounou ◽  
Eirini Solomou ◽  
Vassiliki Gardikioti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Arterial Inflammation ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Abstract AimArterial involvement has been implicated in the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) imaging is a valuable tool for the assessment of disease severity in different types of vasculitis and is a predictor of outcome. We sought to prospectively assess the presence of aortic inflammation and its time-dependent trend by measuring the 18-FDG uptake in PET/CT in patients with severe or critical COVID-19.Methods In this pilot case control study, we recruited 20 patients, who were admitted with severe or critical COVID-19 illness. Patients underwent imaging between 20 to 120 days after hospital admission. Ten age- and sex-matched individuals with prior history of malignancy but free of active disease served as the control group. Arterial inflammation was assessed by measuring 18-FDG uptake in PET/CT and calculating aortic target to blood ratio (TBR).ResultsThere was a significant correlation between aortic TBR values and time distance from diagnosis to 18F-FDG PET/CT scan (-rho- =0.547, p=0.015) even after adjustment for confounders (p=0.002). Patients who were scanned less than 60 days (median) from diagnosis had significantly higher TBR values compared to patients examined more than 60 days post-diagnosis (1.55 [1.47-1.61] vs 1.40 [1.33-1.45], respectively, p=0.013).ConclusionThis is the first study suggesting that 18 FDG PET/CT imaging could be used for assessment of arterial inflammation in patients with severe/critical COVID-19. These findings may have important implications for the understanding of the pathophysiology and the course of the disease and for improving our preventive and therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Application of Pet-CT Fusion Deep Learning Imaging in Precise Radiotherapy of Thyroid Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Qiuyu Lin ◽  
Qianle Qi ◽  
Sen Hou ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Nan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Conventional Imaging ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

This article explores the value of wall F-FDG PET/Cr imaging in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, studies its ability to distinguish benign and malignant thyroid lesions, and seeks ways to improve the accuracy of diagnosis. The normal control group selected 40 patients who came to our center for physical examination. In the normal control group, the average value of the standard uptake value of both sides of the thyroid was used as the SUV of the thyroid gland and the highest SUV value of the patient's lesion (SUV max) represented the SUV of the lesion. After injection of imaging agent 18F-FD1G, routine imaging was performed at 1h, time-lapse imaging was performed at 2.5 h, and the changes with conventional imaging were compared to infer the benign and malignant lesions. We used SPSS software to carry out statistical analysis, respectively, carrying out analysis of variance, paired t-test, independent sample t-test, and linear correlation analysis. In the thyroid cancer group, 87.5% of the delayed imaging SUV was higher than the conventional imaging SUV, while 83.33% of the benign disease group had a lower SUV than the conventional imaging SUV. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging has higher sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of recurrence or metastasis in patients with Tg positive. However, it has lower sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of 131I-Dx-WBS negative DTC and 18F-FDG PET/CT. The specificity increases with the increase of serum Tg level. The above results confirm that 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging is of great significance for the diagnosis of recurrence or metastasis in patients; with PET/CT imaging, the results changed 16.13% of the Tg-positive and 131I-Dx-WBS negative DTC patients' later treatment decision. The decision-making and curative effect evaluation have certain value.

Abstract 13835: Anti-inflammatory Effect of Rosuvastatin in Patients With HIV Infection: A Randomized Controlled FDG-PET Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin E Boczar ◽  
Elliott Faller ◽  
Jerry Wang ◽  
Wanzhen Zeng ◽  
Gary R Small ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Framingham Risk ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major source of morbidity and mortality in HIV+ patients, which is thought to be in part due to a state of persistent systemic inflammation that results in accelerated atherosclerosis. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that inflammation, as measured by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake measured by 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) in the bone marrow, spleen and thoracic aorta would improve in HIV+ patients following therapy with rosuvastatin compared to HIV+ patients not receiving a statin. Methods: HIV+ patients with a moderate Framingham risk score were enrolled in the study and randomized to treatment with rosuvastatin or usual treatment for 6 months. Patients were matched for age, sex, smoking status, Framingham risk score, duration of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and type of ART. Fasting blood was collected and 18F-FDG-PET/CT imaging of bone marrow, spleen, and thoracic aorta was performed at baseline and 6 months. Results: Thirty-five HIV+ patients were enrolled in the study; 17 were randomized to treatment with rosuvastatin and 18 were randomized to the control group. There was a significant drop in the 18F-FDG bone marrow, spleen and thoracic aortic uptake in the statin-treated group compared to the control group (bone marrow: -10.3±16.9% versus 5.0±18.9%, p=0.0262; spleen: -9.8±20.3% versus 11.3±28.8%, p=0.0497; thoracic aorta: -8.6±24.5% versus 12.6±29.5%, p=0.0343). 18F-FDG changes over the study period are shown in Figure 1. Conclusions: The present study observed a significant decrease in 18F-FDG-PET uptake in the bone marrow, spleen, and thoracic aorta following treatment with rosuvastatin for 6 months in HIV+ patients. These data suggest a wide-range anti-inflammatory effect of rosuvastatin in HIV+ individuals with well-controlled infection on ART, ultimately resulting in decreased inflammatory activity in the arterial walls of these patients.

scholarly journals In-Vitro Study of the Synergistic Effect of an Enzyme Cocktail and Antibiotics against Biofilms in a Prosthetic Joint Infection Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hervé Poilvache ◽  
Albert Ruiz-Sorribas ◽  
Olivier Cornu ◽  
Françoise Van Bambeke
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Prosthetic Joint ◽  
Prosthetic Joint Infections

Prosthetic Joint Infections (PJI) are frequent complications of arthroplasties. Their treatment is made complex by the rapid formation of bacterial biofilms, limiting the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy. In this study, we explore the effect of a tri-enzymatic cocktail (TEC) consisting of an endo-1,4-β-d-glucanase, a β-1,6-hexosaminidase, and an RNA/DNA nonspecific endonuclease combined with antibiotics of different classes against biofilms of S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and E. coli grown on Ti6Al4V substrates. Biofilms were grown in TSB with 10g/L glucose and 20g/L NaCl (TGN). Mature biofilms were assigned to a control group or treated with the TEC for 30 min, then either analyzed or reincubated for 24h in TGN or TGN with antibiotics. The cytotoxicity of the TEC was assayed against MG-63 osteoblasts, primary murine fibroblasts, and J-774 macrophages using the LDH release test. The TEC dispersed 80.3 to 95.2% of the biofilms’ biomass after 30 min. The reincubation of the treated biofilms with antibiotics resulted in a synergistic reduction of the total culturable bacterial count (CFU) compared to biofilms treated with antibiotics alone in the three tested species (additional reduction from 2 to more than 3 log10 CFU). No toxicity of the TEC was observed against the tested cell lines after a 24 h of incubation. The combination of pretreatment with TEC followed by a 24 h of incubation with antibiotics had a synergistic effect against biofilms of S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and E. coli. Further studies should assess the potential of the TEC as an adjuvant therapy in in vivo models of PJI.

Comparison of Fluorine(18)-fluorodeoxyglucose and Gallium(68)-citrate PET/CT in patients with tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (05) ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
Alfred O. Ankrah ◽  
Ismaheel O. Lawal ◽  
Tebatso M.G. Boshomane ◽  
Hans C. Klein ◽  
Thomas Ebenhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
The Mean ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Gallium 68 ◽  
Attending Physician ◽  
Pet Scans ◽  
The Brain

Abstract 18F-FDG and 68Ga-citrate PET/CT have both been shown to be useful in the management of tuberculosis (TB). We compared the abnormal PET findings of 18F-FDG- and 68Ga-citrate-PET/CT in patients with TB. Methods Patients with TB on anti-TB therapy were included. Patients had a set of PET scans consisting of both 18F-FDG and 68Ga-citrate. Abnormal lesions were identified, and the two sets of scans were compared. The scan findings were correlated to the clinical data as provided by the attending physician. Results 46 PET/CT scans were performed in 18 patients, 11 (61 %) were female, and the mean age was 35.7 ± 13.5 years. Five patients also had both studies for follow-up reasons during the use of anti-TB therapy. Thirteen patients were co-infected with HIV. 18F-FDG detected more lesions than 68Ga-citrate (261 vs. 166, p < 0.0001). 68Ga-citrate showed a better definition of intracerebral lesions due to the absence of tracer uptake in the brain. The mean SUVmax was higher for 18F-FDG compared to 68Ga-citrate (5.73 vs. 3.01, p < 0.0001). We found a significant correlation between the SUVmax of lesions that were determined by both tracers (r = 0.4968, p < 0.0001). Conclusion Preliminary data shows 18F-FDG-PET detects more abnormal lesions in TB compared to 68Ga-citrate. However, 68Ga-citrate has better lesion definition in the brain and is therefore especially useful when intracranial TB is suspected.

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