scholarly journals From the Sea to the Land: Dynamic of the Sargassum Tide Holobiont in the Caribbean Islands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Jean Lopez ◽  
Vincent Hervé ◽  
Josie Lambourdière ◽  
Malika René-Trouillefou ◽  
Damien Devault
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Trophic Interactions ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Brown Tides ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Risks Assessment ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Associated Species ◽  
Central Atlantic

Abstract BackgroundOver the last decade, intensity and frequency of Sargassum blooms in the Caribbean Sea and central Atlantic Ocean have dramatically increased, causing growing ecological, social and economic concern throughout the entire Caribbean region. These golden-brown tides form an ecosystem that maintains life for a large number of associated species, and their circulation across the Atlantic Ocean support the displacement and maybe the settlement of various species, especially microorganisms. To comprehensively identify the micro- and meiofauna associated to Sargassum, one hundred samples were collected during the 2018 tide events that were the largest ever recorded.ResultsWe investigated the composition and the existence of specific species in three compartments, namely, Sargassum at tide sites, in the surrounding seawater, and in inland seaweed storage sites. Metabarcoding data revealed shifts between compartments in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities, and large differences for eukaryotes especially bryozoans, nematodes and ciliates. Among the most abundant nematodes, we identified various bacterivores in all compartments, suggesting trophic interactions in Sargassum tides. We also found a number of species of interest, including methanogenic archaea, sulfate- and nitrate-reducing bacteria as well as putative pathogens.ConclusionsHere we present novel information on the diversity and trophic interactions of the micro- and meiofauna that are associated with Sargassum at tide and storage sites. Such information may help to better understand the ecological consequences of the Sargassum crises, and to develop proper analyses of the Sargassum associated biodiversity that could be important for application purposes such as biogas or fertilizers production, and to local authority for risks assessment.

The kinematic evolution of the Demerara plateau and Guyana-Suriname margins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Gómez-Romeu ◽  
Emmanuel Masini ◽  
Nick Kusznir ◽  
Sylvain Calassou
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Moho Depth ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Equatorial Atlantic ◽  
Kinematic Evolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Complex Architecture ◽  
Central Atlantic

<p>The Caribbean region has undergone a complex plate kinematics evolution due to the interaction between Central Atlantic pre-subduction paleogeography and Caribbean subduction dynamics. To better understand the initiation and dynamics of the Caribbean subduction it is important to determine the pre-subduction template. However, this template cannot be easily recognized as it either suffered from pervasive tectonic overprinting or has been consumed by subduction. To address this problem, it may be valuable to first unravel the structure and deformation history of the surrounding areas of the Caribbean region.</p><p>Here we investigate the kinematic evolution of the Triassic-Jurassic Demerara plateau and Guyana-Suriname (i.e Dp and G-S) margins which are present-day located to the south of the Caribbean subduction. To achieve our aim, we use seismic, gravity and magnetic data and apply a gravity anomaly inversion technique to determine Moho depth, crustal basement thickness and crustal thinning factor.</p><p>The Dp and G-S margins avoided subduction and consequently preserve the divergent history of Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous rifting related to the opening of the Central Atlantic and Equatorial Atlantic respectively. This is inferred by a complex architecture of the Dp and G-S margins characterized by a set of transfer zones that crosscut each other.</p><p>By unravelling the kinematic evolution of the Dp and G-S margins we attempt to determine the pre-subduction template of the surrounding area of the Caribbean region.</p>

African Caribbean Residents of Edinburgh in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Williams
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

Scotland is gradually coming to terms with its involvement in slavery and colonialism as part of the British Empire. This article places the spotlight on the lives of African Caribbean people who were residents of Edinburgh during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. I discuss their varied experiences and contributions: from runaways and men fighting for their freedom in the Scottish courts to women working as servants in city households or marrying into Edinburgh high society. The nineteenth century saw activism among political radicals from abolitionists to anticolonialists; some of these figures studied and taught at Edinburgh University. Their stories reflect the Scottish capital’s many direct connections with the Caribbean region.

Wind Power Assessment In The Caribbean Region Of Colombia, Using Ten-Minute Wind Observations And Era5 Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Andrés Gil Ruiz ◽  
Julio Eduardo Cañón Barriga ◽  
J. Alejandro Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
The Caribbean

Wider Caribbean Region—A Pivotal Time to Strengthen Regional Instruments For Biodiversity Conservation

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Lausche
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Global Environment Facility ◽  
Large Marine Ecosystem ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Specially Protected Areas

AbstractThe countries of the Wider Caribbean Region (WCR) are linked economically by their transboundary living marine resources. The region is facing a continued decline of these resources. Science is improving our understanding of the human contributions to this decline, but national policies and programmes have not kept pace with this understanding. The Caribbean Regional Seas Programme and its Cartagena Convention and Protocols provide the regional legal framework for protection and sustainable management of the WCR's living marine and coastal resources. This article focuses on the Cartagena Convention's Protocol for biodiversity conservation, the Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife (SPAW), arguing that governments and organizations need to significantly increase participation in this regional treaty regime to effectively address transboundary environmental challenges. A new initiative, the Global Environment Facility-supported Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem project, will help in this effort. International policy supports strengthened regional seas programmes. It is now imperative for all levels and sectors to assist governments in strengthening this important treaty regime for biodiversity conservation in the Wider Caribbean Region.

scholarly journals The Neogene tropical America fish assemblage and the paleobiogeography of the Caribbean region

2011 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orangel Antonio Aguilera Socorro ◽  
Maria Inês Feijó Ramos ◽  
Eduardo Tavares Paes ◽  
Sue Anne Regina Ferreira Costa ◽  
Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra
Keyword(s):  
Fish Assemblage ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
The Caribbean

Distribution, history, and taxonomy of the Thais clade (Gastropoda: Muricidae) in the Neogene of tropical America

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geerat J. Vermeij
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Large Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Extinction Rates ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
The Caribbean

The earliest known members of the Thais clade of rapanine muricid neogastropods comprise four species from the Cantaure Formation (early Miocene: Burdigalian) of Venezuela; three of these species are new. Neorapana rotundata Gibson-Smith et al., 1997, is most closely related to the Recent Pacific Mexican N. tuberculata (Sowerby, 1835), and represents the only known Atlantic occurrence of the genus. Thais brevicula new species is closest to T. callaoensis (Gray, 1828) from the Recent of northern Peru and the Galápagos. A review of the genus Thais indicates that the typical members of this group occur in the South Atlantic, West Africa, and eastern Pacific, but not in the Recent fauna of the southern Caribbean. Stramonita bifida new species is a large species related to the Recent S. haemastoma floridana (Conrad, 1837), which occurs throughout the Caribbean. A review of American species of Stramonita indicates that the taxon S. biserialis (de Blainville, 1832) from the Recent fauna of the eastern Pacific, and the taxon S. h. haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767), may each be composed of more than one species despite the teleplanic dispersal of their larvae. Stramonita semiplicata new species is closely related to the Recent S. bicarinata (de Blainville, 1832) from the South Atlantic, and represents a lineage that occurred in the Caribbean region until at least the late Miocene. It may have given rise to the eastern Pacific genus Acanthais. The higher diversity and greater antipredatory specialization of eastern Pacific as compared to western Atlantic members of the Thais clade may have resulted from higher post-Miocene rates of speciation and lower extinction rates in the eastern Pacific.

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