Methods of Single Station and Limited Data Analysis and Forecasting

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter K. Henry ◽  
Kenneth C. Brundidge
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Single Station

Implementation of array analysis on seismic signals from volcanoes in Iceland recorded on the small-aperture HEKSISZ array

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Sonneman ◽  
Kristín Vogfjörd ◽  
Christopher Bean ◽  
Benedikt Halldórsson ◽  
Johannes Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Seismic Array ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Seismic Signals ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
Small Aperture ◽  
Array Data ◽  
Single Station

<p>We present preliminary results and progress updates of ongoing work at the Icelandic Meteorological Office carried out within the EUROVOLC work package on Volcano pre-eruptive unrest detection schemes. Our main goal is improved understanding of volcanic systems and fracture zones in South Iceland. This requires enhanced detection and mapping capabilities of seismic events from volcanoes in the Eastern Volcanic Zone (EVZ) and faults in the South Iceland Seismic Zone (SISZ), including continuous real-time analysis of seismic signals associated with magma movement in volcanoes and activity on faults in South Iceland. The chosen measures to achieve these tasks are the deployment of a seismic array at the intersection between the EVZ and the SISZ, the implementation of appropriate real-time array data processing and the investigation of spatiotemporal seismic source characteristics such as tracking of magma movements and intrusions from deep to shallow levels in the crust to image the volcanoes’ plumbing systems, shallow caldera seismicity, and earthquake rupture propagation and microseismicity on nearby tectonic faults. Through funding from an Icelandic infrastructure grant and cooperation between IMO and DIAS, the HEKSISZ small-aperture seismic array is being installed about 6 km south of Hekla. The array, which will consist of 12 stations (7 broadband seismometers and at least 5 additional Raspberry PI seismometers and some co-located accelerometers), builds upon experience gained from temporary array operations in the FUTUREVOLC project and will be the first permanent seismic array in Iceland. The array is surrounded by four different volcanic systems and a prominent fracture zone, providing an abundance of seismicity for analysis. The detection of volcanic and local earthquake events depends on signal coherency and the algorithms used. The signal coherency is mainly affected by array geometry and the site and noise conditions. To analyze the wavefield we will use algorithms such as beamforming, signal-to-noise triggers, FK analysis, and cross-correlation on both vertical and horizontal channels. The implementation is through free open-source software, based mainly on Python obspy and further extensions. While the array is still in the process of coming online, we use data from its existing central permanent network station, MJO to analyze signals from the volcanoes and faults in preparation for the future array data analysis. Relevant single-station observations are first arrival polarization and search for existence and timing of secondary phases, such as surface and Moho reflections from different distances and depths. These observed peculiarities will guide the focus of the array data analysis, specifically as one of the main interests is the depth determination of magma movements and intrusions below Hekla. The volcanic region may have strong lateral crustal heterogeneities, so if significant azimuthal deviations are estimated from the single-station analysis, correction parameters for the array will need to be constrained as well. To further test how a future array might perform in this location, we invert synthetic sources at various depths and distances and also use observed source arrays to search for additional phases from possible conversions and reflections and measure their phase velocities.</p>

A viewpoint from the trenches

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Sergius Koku
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to present the author’s viewpoint on the developments in the Journal of Services Marketing (JSM) during the past 25 years of his association with the Journal. The paper documents the evolution in the Journal, highlights significant changes and makes some prognostications for the future. Design/methodology/approach The paper relies on the first-hand account of the author, which is supplemented by limited qualitative data analysis that consists of analyzing keywords and the abstract of articles published in JSM during the past 25 years. Findings The first-hand account shows that JSM has undergone changes that reflect changes that have taken place in the field of marketing. The issues/topics of manuscripts submitted and published in the Journal have become interdisciplinary and so are the analytical techniques. This expanding scope of the Journal positions it well for the future in which collaborative research will be more pervasive in the academy. Research limitations/implications This is a first-hand account with limited data analysis and therefore could suffer from the writer’s biases even though they might be unintended. Practical implications This paper documents the expanding scope of the Journal that may have been the result of explicit steps taken to make the Journal more successful in the future. Originality/value As a first-hand account, this study is original.

13. Single-Station Triaxial Data Analysis

1999 ◽  
pp. 275-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Jackson ◽  
I. M. Mason ◽  
S. A. Greenhalgh
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Single Station

Deciphering the dynamics of a heterogeneous sea cliff using ambient vibrations: case study of the Sutta-Rocca overhang (southern Corsica, France)

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 813-824
Author(s):  
E Diego Mercerat ◽  
Jean Baptiste Payeur ◽  
Etienne Bertrand ◽  
Marie Malascrabes ◽  
Michel Pernoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Seismic Monitoring ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Ambient Vibrations ◽  
Rockfall Hazard ◽  
Single Station ◽  
Sea Cliff ◽  
East West

SUMMARY We report here an interesting case study of dynamic characterization of a limestone sea cliff area, named the Sutta-Rocca overhang, located near the medieval town of Bonifacio (southern Corsica, France). The site belongs to an UNESCO protected area with an important number of visitors per year. Therefore, it is of particular interest to evaluate the potential rockfall hazard along the cliff. With the objective of evaluating the feasibility of an operational technique to monitor the cliff using ambient vibrations, two seismic stations were installed during six months (from 2016 November to 2017 April) in order to identify and monitor the resonant frequencies of the a priori unstable rock mass. Several techniques of classical seismic monitoring are tested on the site: single-station spectral analysis for identification of frequency peaks related to the unstable mass, relative spectral amplifications between stations and the operational modal analysis of the cliff. In particular, data analysis from a temporary campaign of two days of continuous recordings by a linear array of seismometers perpendicular to the sea cliff highlights the main characteristics of the ground motion: the overall motion of the promontory mainly in the north–south direction (perpendicular to the coast) and bending vertical and parallel to the cliff (east–west direction) at higher frequencies. The strong vertical and east–west seismic amplifications are also confirmed by the analysis of five local seismic events recorded at both semi-permanent stations. Even if ambient vibrations and seismic data analysis allows to decipher the dynamics of the Sutta-Rocca overhang, we conclude that classical seismic monitoring of just one single frequency peak with a limited number of sensors is not recommended for this particular site.

scholarly journals Advances in Climate Analysis and Monitoring: Reflections on 40 Years of Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshops

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Ropelewski ◽  
P. A. Arkin
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Single Station ◽  
Climate Analysis ◽  
Sophisticated Analysis

Abstract We examine the progress in the analysis of climate variability through the lens of a 40-year series of annual Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshops initiated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in 1976. The evolution of climate data and data access, data analysis and display, and our understanding of the physical mechanisms associated with climate variability, as well as the evolution in the character of the workshops, are documented by reference to the series of workshop proceedings. This retrospective essay chronicles the transition from the mid-1970s, when individual investigators or their organizations held much of the climate data suitable for research, to the present day, where many of the key climate datasets are freely accessible on the Internet. In parallel we also chart the evolution in data analysis and display tools from hand-drawn line graphs of single-station data to color animations of regional and global fields based on satellite data, numerical models, and sophisticated analysis tools. Discussion of these two themes is augmented by documentation of the increasing understanding of the physical climate system as climate science moved away from the “bones of bare statistics” that characterized climate analysis in the mid–twentieth century toward the “flesh of physical understanding.”

scholarly journals The Contribution of Innovation to Startups for Market Creation

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Eros Augusto Asturiano Martins
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Value Innovation ◽  
Market Creation ◽  
A Value ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Creation

This article examined how the innovation in startups contributes to the creation of markets. The constructs “Strategies for the creation of markets” and “Innovation” were covered in the theoretical framework. The scope of the research was startups and the specific objectives sought to analyze how innovation occurs and verifying the creation of the market through their innovation. The method of research was the qualitative exploratory, and data collection was performed by means of a structured script. Ten startup founders were interviewed and it was used the content analysis technique for data analysis. This article has shown that startups, even using an existing business model, innovate in the segment or the way they deliver their products, thus generating a value innovation and this is often caused by the ability to feel the pain of consumer. Some limitations were found in the research, such as the limited data on Brazilian startups, which already indicates a path for future research, as well as seeking to understand the functioning of the organizational structure of these companies, which still need to be better studied.

Analysis of power law assumptions for short-period comets and Kuiper bodies

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 289-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Donnison ◽  
L.I. Pettit
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Pareto Distribution ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Probability Plots ◽  
Exponential Probability

AbstractA Pareto distribution was used to model the magnitude data for short-period comets up to 1988. It was found using exponential probability plots that the brightness did not vary with period and that the cut-off point previously adopted can be supported statistically. Examination of the diameters of Trans-Neptunian bodies showed that a power law does not adequately fit the limited data available.

Microchemical imaging in biomedical research

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1118-1119
Author(s):  
P. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Element ◽  
Physiological Information ◽  
Functional States ◽  
Elemental Maps ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Secondary Ion

It is well established that unique physiological information can be obtained by rapidly freezing cells in various functional states and analyzing the cell element content and distribution by electron probe x-ray microanalysis. (The other techniques of microanalysis that are amenable to imaging, such as electron energy loss spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, particle induced x-ray emission etc., are not addressed in this tutorial.) However, the usual processes of data acquisition are labor intensive and lengthy, requiring that x-ray counts be collected from individually selected regions of each cell in question and that data analysis be performed subsequent to data collection. A judicious combination of quantitative elemental maps and static raster probes adds not only an additional overall perception of what is occurring during a particular biological manipulation or event, but substantially increases data productivity. Recent advances in microcomputer instrumentation and software have made readily feasible the acquisition and processing of digital quantitative x-ray maps of one to several cells.

Perceptions of a Collaborative Professional Learning Program: Seeing the “Bigger Picture”

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 290-303
Author(s):  
P. Charlie Buckley ◽  
Kimberly A. Murza ◽  
Tami Cassel
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Special Educators ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Related Service

Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of special education practitioners (i.e., speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers) on their role as communication partners after participation in the Social Communication and Engagement Triad (Buckley et al., 2015 ) yearlong professional learning program. Method A qualitative approach using interviews and purposeful sampling was used. A total of 22 participants who completed participation in either Year 1 or Year 2 of the program were interviewed. Participants were speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers. Using a grounded theory approach (Glaser & Strauss, 1967 ) to data analysis, open, axial, and selective coding procedures were followed. Results Three themes emerged from the data analysis and included engagement as the goal, role as a communication partner, and importance of collaboration. Conclusions Findings supported the notion that educators see the value of an integrative approach to service delivery, supporting students' social communication and engagement across the school day but also recognizing the challenges they face in making this a reality.

Communicative Performance of Adolescents with Severe Speech Impairment

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth M. Dalton ◽  
Jan L. Bedrosian
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Peer Interactions ◽  
Consistent Pattern ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Speech Impairment ◽  
Communication Mode ◽  
Mode Function ◽  
Communicative Performance ◽  
Therapy Room ◽  
Communication Board

The communicative performance of 4 preoperational-level adolescents, using limited speech, gestures, and communication board techniques, was examined in a two-part investigation. In Part 1, each subject participated in an academic interaction with a teacher in a therapy room. Data were transcribed and coded for communication mode, function, and role. Two subjects were found to predominantly use the speech mode, while the remaining 2 predominantly used board and one other mode. The majority of productions consisted of responses to requests, and the initiator role was infrequently occupied. These findings were similar to those reported in previous investigations conducted in classroom settings. In Part 2, another examination of the communicative performance of these subjects was conducted in spontaneous interactions involving speaking and nonspeaking peers in a therapy room. Using the same data analysis procedures, gesture and speech modes predominated for 3 of the subjects in the nonspeaking peer interactions. The remaining subject exhibited minimal interaction. No consistent pattern of mode usage was exhibited across the speaking peer interactions. In the nonspeaking peer interactions, requests predominated. In contrast, a variety of communication functions was exhibited in the speaking peer interactions. Both the initiator and the maintainer roles were occupied in the majority of interactions. Pertinent variables and clinical implications are discussed.

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