scholarly journals Propagation of Alnus maritima from Softwood Cuttings

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Schrader ◽  
William R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
The Other ◽  
Delmarva Peninsula ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Alnus Maritima ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Managed Landscapes ◽  
Time Of Collection ◽  
Seaside Alder

Alnus maritima (Marsh.) Nutt. (seaside alder) is a rare, woody-plant species with potential for use in managed landscapes. Information on the propagation and production of this species is not available. Our objective was to evaluate the use of softwood cuttings to propagate A. maritima, with emphasis on how indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), plant provenance, and time of collection affect cutting survival, rooting percentage, the number of roots produced, and their length. Propagation trials were conducted with cuttings from seven trees on the Delmarva Peninsula (Eastern Shore of Maryland and southern Delaware) and seven trees in Oklahoma. Cuttings from mature plants in both provenances were collected on 14 June and 23 Aug. 1998; wounded; treated with IBA at 0, 1, or 8 g·kg-1; and placed under intermittent mist in a greenhouse for 9 weeks. Use of IBA at 8 g·kg-1 caused a greater rooting percentage (68%), root count (7.2), and root length (39.2 mm) than did the other IBA rates when applied to cuttings from Oklahoma in June, but IBA had little effect on cuttings from the Delmarva Peninsula. Across IBA treatments, rooting of cuttings from Oklahoma (55% in June and 12% in August) was greater than the rooting of cuttings from Delmarva (27% in June and 3% in August). Cuttings from Oklahoma had greater survival, callus development, root length, and root count than did cuttings from the Delmarva Peninsula during June and August trials. Averaged over IBA treatments and provenances, cuttings collected on 14 June rooted more frequently (41%) than did cuttings collected 23 Aug. (8%). We conclude that softwood cuttings from mature plants are an effective way to multiply clones of A. maritima, particularly when cuttings are collected early in the season and treated with IBA at 8 g·kg-1.

scholarly journals 106 Propagation of Alnus maritima from Softwood Cuttings

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 459E-459
Author(s):  
James A. Schrader ◽  
William R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
North American Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Delmarva Peninsula ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Alnus Maritima ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Managed Landscapes ◽  
Seaside Alder

Alnus maritima [Marsh.] Nutt. (seaside alder) is a rare, North American species with strong potential for use in managed landscapes. Information on the propagation and production of this species is not available. Our objective was to evaluate the potential for using softwood cuttings to propagate A. maritima, with emphasis on how IBA and plant provenance affect rooting success. Propagation trials were conducted with cuttings from seven trees native to the Delmarva Peninsula and seven trees from Oklahoma. Cuttings from both provenances were collected on 14 June and 23 Aug. Cuttings were wounded; treated with 0, 1, or 8 g/kg IBA; and placed under intermittent mist in a greenhouse for 9 weeks. The highest percentage of rooting (67.9) was achieved for the Oklahoma provenance by using 8 g/kg IBA in June. Across IBA treatments, rooting of cuttings from Oklahoma, 54.8% (June) and 12.4% (August), was higher than rooting of cuttings from Delmarva, 27.1% (June) and 3.1% (August). IBA at 8 g/kg caused a higher rooting percentage than the other IBA rates at both times of the season. More cuttings collected 14 June rooted (41%) than those collected 23 Aug. (7.7%) over IBA treatments. Another experiment involved cuttings from one juvenile, greenhouse-grown seedling from Oklahoma that showed 100% rooting with both 1 and 8 g/kg IBA. Shoot growth appeared more vigorous on rooted cuttings from these juvenile stems than on plants derived by rooting mature tissue collected in nature. We conclude that using softwood cuttings can be an effective way to multiply clones of A. maritima, particularly when stock plants are juvenile and cuttings are treated with IBA.

Propagation of Alnus maritima [Marsh.] Nutt. (Seaside Alder)

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 479b-479
Author(s):  
James A. Schrader ◽  
William R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Delmarva Peninsula ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
South Central ◽  
Disjunct Populations ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Sexual Propagation ◽  
Managed Landscapes ◽  
Time Of Collection ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Seaside Alder

We are interested in the potential of seaside alder as a shrub or small tree for managed landscapes. This species has received little attention from horticulturists and occurs naturally only in small, disjunct populations in Maryland and southern Delaware (Delmarva Peninsula), northwestern Georgia, and south-central Oklahoma. Our objective is to optimize asexual (softwood cuttings and tissue culture) and sexual propagation of seaside alder while testing for differences in propagation success among populations. Terminal softwood cuttings collected 11 June 1997 (Delmarva) and 25 Aug. 1997 (Oklahoma) were treated with IBA at various concentrations and provided intermittent mist in a greenhouse for 10 weeks. Up to 44% rooting was achieved by using 1 g IBA/kg on cuttings from Delmarva; replication over time will be used to determine whether poorer rooting of cuttings from Oklahoma (maximum of 17% with 8 g IBA/kg) was due to genotypic effects or the time of collection. Strobili were collected during late 1997 from multiple plants in the three populations. Unstratified seed from Oklahoma showed from 40% to 76% germination after 21 days depending on the tree of origin. The only previous data of germination of unstratified seeds was a report of 5% to 20% for seeds from Delmarva, so provenance as well as stratification effects on germination are being evaluated.

scholarly journals Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Alnus maritima from Its Three Disjunct Populations

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Schrader ◽  
William R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Delmarva Peninsula ◽  
Disjunct Populations ◽  
Alnus Maritima ◽  
Multiple Groups ◽  
Managed Landscapes

Genotypic variation and horticultural potential of Alnus maritima [Marsh.] Nutt. (seaside alder), a large shrub or small tree found naturally in only three small, disjunct populations, have not been studied. We examined effects of population of origin and environment on seed germination and growth and morphology of seedlings. The first experiment showed that 6 weeks of cold stratification optimized germination of half-sibling seeds from Oklahoma at 73.2%. When this treatment was applied to multiple groups of half-siblings from all populations in a second experiment, seeds from Oklahoma had a higher germination percentage (55.0%) than seeds from Georgia (31.4%) and the Delmarva Peninsula (14.7%). In a third experiment, morphology and growth of multiple groups of half-siblings from all three populations were compared in one environment. Leaves of seedlings from Oklahoma were longer (12.8 cm) and more narrow (2.15 length to width ratio) than leaves of seedlings from Georgia (12.0 cm long; ratio = 1.76) and the Delmarva Peninsula (11.6 cm long; ratio = 1.86). Seedlings from Oklahoma and Georgia accumulated dry weight at higher rates (181 and 160 mg·d-1, respectively) than seedlings from Delmarva (130 mg·d-1), while seedlings from Oklahoma and Delmarva were more densely foliated (0.72 and 0.64 leaves and lateral shoots per centimeter of primary stem, respectively) than those from Georgia (0.46 per cm). These differences indicate genetic divergence among the three disjunct populations and the potential to exploit genetic variation to select horticulturally superior A. maritima for use in managed landscapes.

scholarly journals 608 Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Alnus maritima from Its Three Disjunct Populations

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 552B-552
Author(s):  
James A. Schrader ◽  
William R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Delmarva Peninsula ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Disjunct Populations ◽  
Alnus Maritima ◽  
Fourth Experiment ◽  
Managed Landscapes ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Genotypic variation and horticultural potential of Alnus maritima [Marsh.] Nutt. (seaside alder), a large shrub or small tree found naturally in only three small, disjunct populations, have not been studied. We examined effects of population of origin and environment on seed germination and the growth and morphology of seedlings. Our first germination experiment showed that 6 weeks of cold stratification applied to half-siblings from Oklahoma optimized germination at 73.2%. When this treatment was applied to multiple half-sib seed sources from all populations in a second experiment, seeds from Oklahoma had a higher germination percentage (55%) than seeds from both Georgia (31.4%) and the Delmarva Peninsula (14.7%). A third experiment showed that growth of seedlings increased with increasing irradiance intensity up to 258 μmol·m–2·s–1, and survival and growth of seedlings from Oklahoma varied with root media. In a fourth experiment, multiple groups of half-siblings from all three populations were grown in one environment to compare variation in growth and morphology within and among populations. Leaves of Oklahoma seedlings were longer (12.8 cm) and more narrow (2.15 length: width ratio) than leaves of seedlings from Georgia (12.0 cm long, ratio = 1.76) and the Delmarva Peninsula (11.6 cm long, ratio = 1.86). Seedlings from Oklahoma and Georgia had a higher growth rate (180.7 and 160.0 mg/day, respectively) than did seedlings from Delmarva (130.1 mg/day), while Oklahoma and Delmarva seedlings were more densely foliated (0.72 and 0.64 leaves and lateral shoots per cm of primary stem, respectively) than those from Georgia (0.46 per cm). These differences indicate both divergence among the three disjunct populations and potential to exploit genetic variation to select horticulturally superior A. maritima for use in managed landscapes.

scholarly journals Association of Indolebutyric Acid with Azospirillum brasilense in the Rooting of Herbaceous Blueberry Cuttings

Horticulturae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koyama ◽  
Aparecido Ribeiro Júnior ◽  
Mariani Zeffa ◽  
Tadeu Faria ◽  
Mitsuharu Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Mist Chamber ◽  
Root Growth And Development

Association between auxins and plant growth-promoting bacteria can stimulate root growth and development of fruit crop nursery plants, and can be a promising biological alternative to increase the rooting of cuttings. The objective of this study was to assess the viability of producing ‘Powderblue’ blueberry nursery plants from cuttings using different doses of indolebutyric acid (IBA) in association with Azospirillum brasilense. The following treatments were tested: 0 (control); 500 mg L−1 of IBA; 1000 mg L−1 of IBA; A. brasilense; 500 mg L−1 of IBA + A. brasilense; and 1000 mg L−1 of IBA + A. brasilense. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six treatments and four replicates, and each plot (box) consisted of 10 cuttings. The boxes were arranged in a mist chamber with an intermittent regimen controlled by a timer and solenoid valve. After 90 days, the following variables were assessed: rooted cuttings; survival of cuttings; foliar retention; sprouting; cuttings with callus; root dry mass per cutting; number of roots per cutting; and root length. It was observed that the application of IBA with the A. brasilense rhizobacteria increased the number of roots of ‘Powderblue’ blueberry cuttings, while the treatments with IBA alone and IBA 1000 mg L−1 + A. brasilense increased the root length of cuttings. However, treatments with IBA and A. brasilense had no impact on % rooted cuttings and % survival of cuttings.

Suberization and adventitious rooting in Australian plants

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
RR Williams ◽  
AM Taji ◽  
JA Boltton
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Australian Native Plants

Controversy has existed over the involvement of sclerified tissues in the inhibition of adventitious rooting on woody plant cuttings. This study of 16 species of Australian native plants shows no correlation between stem sclerification and poor root formation. On the other hand, poor rooting was correlated with suberization of the cortex and it is suggested that this rather than sclerification may be a factor in the inhibition of root formation.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE EXTRACT OF SOME CROPS AND SOIL RESIDUES ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Nielsen ◽  
W. B. Woods ◽  
T. F. Cuddy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Six plant species were germinated in sand wetted with water extracts of tissues of five field crops and three soils. Deionized water was used as a check f he study was conducted using standard seed germination techniques.Alter 7 to 10 days all of the germinated seeds were harvested and measurements made of the shoot and root lengths.Alfalfa extract caused the greatest reduction in shoot and root length as well as m percentage germination. It caused the greatest increase in the time required for germination. Timothy extract was not quite as harmful as the alfalfa. Extracts of oats, corn and potatoes were still less harmful with potato extract causing the least effect.The soil extracts generally had very little effect when compared with deionized water.Plant species showed marked differences in tolerance to the extracts alfalfa being the most resistant and timothy the least.Where water alone was used rate of germination and per cent germination were as high or higher than with the other extracts, but the root and shoot lengths were not always the greatest.

scholarly journals Seminiferous propagation in the selection of chestnut tree rootstocks

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Pio ◽  
Evaldo Tadeu de Melo ◽  
João Pedro Sales Bueno ◽  
Luiz Fernando de Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Pedro Maranha Peche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Castanea Crenata ◽  
Chestnut Tree ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT: Aiming the selection of rootstocks to produce seedlings, the objective of this study was to quantify the seminiferous propagation in chestnut seeds, with or without incisions. Nine cultivars were used (‘Ibuki’, ‘Isumo’, ‘Kinshu’, ‘Moriwase’, ‘Okuni’, ‘Senri’, ‘Taishowase’, ‘Tamatsukuri’ and ‘Tiodowase’) and two selections (‘KM-1’ and ‘KM-2’) of hybrid chestnut trees (Castanea crenata x Castanea sp.). An incision was held in half of chestnuts and the other half remained intact. Percentage of germination, emergence and root length were quantified. The germinated nuts were transplanted and were quantified the diameter and height of seedlings. Then, the chestnut selections ‘KM-2’ and ‘Jacutinga’ were grafted by the cleft grafting method, and were quantified the percentage of sprouting, besides the diameter and height of grafts. Incisions increase the germination and seedling emergence in most cultivars and selections. ‘Taishowase’ and ‘Tamatsukuri’ stood out over the others to germination, growth of the rootstocks.

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