scholarly journals Exogenous Applications of Benzyladenine and Gibberellic Acid Inhibit Lower-leaf Senescence of Geraniums during Propagation

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1352-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Currey ◽  
Roberto G. Lopez ◽  
Vijay K. Rapaka ◽  
James E. Faust ◽  
Erik S. Runkle
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Leaf Yellowing ◽  
Spray Applications

After postharvest shipping, the lower leaves of zonal geranium (Pelargonium ×hortorum) cuttings often turn chlorotic and necrotic during rooting in a propagation environment. Our objective was to quantify the efficacy of spray applications of the plant growth regulators (PGRs) benzyladenine (BA) and/or gibberellic acid (GA) at various stages in propagation to reduce lower-leaf senescence and evaluate effects on subsequent rooting. In Expt. 1, cuttings of ‘Patriot White’ geraniums were harvested and treated with BA (2.5 or 5.0 mg·L−1), BA + GA4+7 (2.5 or 5.0 mg·L−1 each), or GA3 (0.5 or 2.0 mg·L−1) either before or after a 2-day storage period simulating commercial shipping. Post-shipment application of all PGRs eliminated leaf yellowing compared with cuttings treated pre-shipment, but rooting was inhibited. In Expt. 2, the promotion of rooting from a rooting hormone preceding treatment with BA (1.25 to 5.0 mg·L−1), BA+GA4+7 (1.25 to 5.0 mg·L−1 each), or GA3 (0.25 to 2.0 mg·L−1) was evaluated on ‘Patriot White’ geranium cuttings after a 2-day simulated shipping. Applying rooting hormones increased the percentage of fully rooted cuttings treated with BA and/or GA from 16.4% to 51.8%. In Expt. 3, cuttings of different geranium cultivars from a commercial producer varied in susceptibility and suppression of leaf yellowing after BA + GA4+7 applications. We conclude that foliar applications of BA + GA4+7 can suppress lower-leaf senescence and rooting during propagation of some geranium cultivars, and the inhibition of rooting can be at least partially overcome with an application of rooting hormone.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ‘PRATA’ BANANA TREATED WITH CYTOKININ AND GIBBERELLIN

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIANA DOMINGUES LIMA ◽  
JÉSSICA SANTA ROSA ◽  
DANILO EDUARDO ROZANE ◽  
EDUARDO NARDINI GOMES ◽  
SILVIA HELENA MODENESE GORLA DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Split Plot

ABSTRACT Plant growth regulators can influence fruit yield and quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cytokinin and gibberelin on the agronomic and physicochemical characteristics of banana fruits cv. ‘Prata’ (Musa spp. AAB), according to the formation period and position in the bunch. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized 2 x 5 factorial design, two periods of bunch development (summer and winter), five treatments and ten replicates. To study the effect of position in the bunch, split plot was adopted, considering in the plot, 2 x 5 factorial and in subplots, hand 1, hand 4 and last hand. Treatments consisted of 2 pulverizations with water, 150 mg L-1 cytokinin, 200 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid, 100 mg L-1 of cytokinin plus 200 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid and 200 mg L-1 of cytokinin plus 200 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid, applied from the fourth to the last hand of the bunch. Cytokinin and gibberellin, alone or associated, regardless of formation period and position, did not affect the size and physicochemical characteristics of fruits, only delayed the bunch harvest.

scholarly journals Morpho-physiological and molecular responses of two Libyan bread wheat cultivars to plant growth regulators under salt stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
El Hadi Hadia ◽  
Amor Slama ◽  
Leila Romdhane ◽  
Hatem Cheikh M’hamed ◽  
Ahmed Houssein Abodoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Glycine Betaine ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties

To study the effects of salt stress and plant growth regulators (kinetin, gibberellic acid, potassium) on growth, yield, glycine betaine content, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and ribulose biphosphate carboxylase (RBC) gene expression of two Libyan bread wheat varieties, a factorial design of greenhouse experiment with three replications was conducted. Results revealed that salt stress significantly reduced plant growth and productivity of both varieties. Moreover, the addition of kinetin + potassium and gibberellic acid + potassium had improved the performance of the morpho-metric parameters of both genotypes under salt stress; but the performance was more effective for kinetin treatment than for gibberellic acid. At the biochemical level, the results showed that salt stress increased glycine betaine contents in both varieties with different proportions. This increase is more elevated in the presence of kinetin + potassium than the treatment with gibberellic acid+ potassium, which showed an almost similar result as in only salt stress. At the molecular level, the effects of salt stress and plant growth regulators on the PEPC and RBC gene expression showed that the increase was significantly higher for kinetin, gibberellic acid, and salt stress when compared to the control.

THE INHIBITION OF BRUSSELS SPROUT LEAF SENESCENCE BY KININS

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1019-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Dennis ◽  
M. Stubbs ◽  
T. P. Coultate
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Brussels Sprout ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Young Leaves

The senescence of leaf discs cut from mature Brussels sprout leaves is retarded by a number of kinins. Other plant growth regulators are without effect. When young expanding leaves are treated with kinins the senescence processes appear to be accelerated. The effect of N-6-benzyladenine on the structure of the cell organelles in young and old leaves has been studied by electron microscopy. It has been found that in mature leaves the chloroplast is the organelle which senesces first and the breakdown is retarded by N-6-benzyladenine. The mitochondria are very stable. In young leaves N-6-benzyladenine appears to over-stimulate the chloroplast, causing enlargement and excessive membrane synthesis.

scholarly journals Plant growth regulators in the germination of Diospyros hispida A. DC. (EBENACEAE) seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e27110212471
Author(s):  
Aline Bueno Ramalho ◽  
Lúcia Filgueiras Braga
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Mean Germination Time

Plant growth regulators in the germination of Diospyros hispida A. DC. (Ebenaceae) Seed. Diospyros hispida species is a native fruit that has long germination period, hindering seedling production. The aim of this work was to evaluate the germination of Diospyros hispida seeds under the effect of gibberellic acid and biostimulant applications. Four replicates of 25 seeds per treatment were used. Treatments were: T1 - distilled water, T2, T3 and T4 - GA3 solutions at 100, 150 and 200 mg L-1, respectively, T5 - Immersion for 24 hours in distilled water with aeration, T6, T7 and T8 - Immersion for 24 hours in aerated GA3 solutions at 100, 150 and 200 mg L-1, respectively, T9, T10 and T11 - biostimulant application (containing auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin) at 3, 5 and 7 ml kg-1 of seeds. Germination rate, mean germination time, germination speed index, synchronization index, relative germination frequency, normal seedlings, root length, shoot length and seedling dry mass were evaluated. The effect of gibberellic acid and biostimulant containing auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin negatively influenced Diospyros hispida germination under the conditions of this study.

scholarly journals Plant Growth Regulator Impacts on Vegetative Cutting Production of Moroccan Pincushion (Pterocephalus depressus) Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Sean J. Markovic ◽  
James E. Klett
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Cutting Production

Abstract Moroccan pincushion (Pterocephalus depressus) is a drought-tolerant perennial that is being used in landscapes throughout arid areas of the western United States. This paper describes two experiments researching vegetative cutting production from stock plants. Moroccan pincushion stock plants received foliar applications of gibberellic acid (GA3), benzyladenine, ethephon, or auxin [indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)] plant growth regulators (PGR). Plant growth regulators were applied singularly and in combination with GA3 to determine efficacy on stock plant growth. A propagation study was conducted simultaneously to determine effects of these different PGR treatments applied to stock plants on the rooting of moroccan pincushion cuttings. The stock plant study showed GA3 + benzyladenine application increased cutting production over other PGR treatments. Fresh weight of moroccan pincushion cuttings did not differ among treatments. While cuttings did not differ in dry weight in experiment 1, statistical differences were observed in experiment 2. However, these differences in dry weight did not affect the quality of the cuttings. Cuttings from stock plants treated with GA3 + IBA treatment had the highest numerical growth index [(height + width + width)/3]. Cuttings from stock plants treated with GA3 alone or in combination with another PGR were all greater in average growth index and statistically differed from those without GA3 being applied. PGR treatments did not affect rooting percentages of the cuttings with nontreated stock plant cuttings successfully rooting at an average rate of 95%. However, GA3 + IBA was the only treatment where cuttings had 100% rooting for both experiments, indicating potential rooting benefits. Index words: Plant growth regulator, propagation, Pterocephalus depressus, vegetative cuttings. Species used in this study: Moroccan pincushion [Pterocephalus depressus Archibald]. Chemicals used in this study: gibberellic acid (GA3), benzyladenine, ethephon, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Controlling Height and Seedling Emergence of French Marigold and Celosia Plugs with Plant Growth Regulators

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Stanislav V. Magnitskiy ◽  
Claudio C. Pasian ◽  
Mark A. Bennett ◽  
James D. Metzger
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Spray Applications

Abstract Soaking French marigold seeds in growth regulator solutions produced larger reductions in seedling height than foliar sprays. Seeds soaked in 1 to 5 ppm uniconazole solutions for 0.15, 5, or 45 min resulted in plants that were up to 23% shorter than controls at 30 DAS, whereas foliar applications of 10 to 20 ppm uniconazole solutions resulted in plants 18% shorter than controls at 14 DAS. French marigold seedlings from seeds soaked in 60 pm ancymidol for 5 or 45 min were 5 or 6%, respectively, shorter than controls. Foliar spray applications of 25 or 100 ppm ancymidol to French marigold seedlings resulted in plants 8% shorter than controls. Chlormequat solutions applied either as a seed soak (1000–5000 ppm) or foliar spray (500–3000 ppm) did not reduce French marigold seedling height. Emergence of French marigold seedlings from seeds soaked in uniconazole, ancymidol, or chlormequat solutions was not different from that of control seeds. No effect on seedling height or emergence was found when soaking celosia seeds in uniconazole, ancymidol, or chlormequat solutions. Spraying celosia seedlings with uniconazole, ancymidol, or chlormequat solutions did not reduce seedling height.

scholarly journals 300 Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Yield

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 443C-443
Author(s):  
J. Pablo Morales-Payan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Amine Hydrochloride ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Giberellic Acid

Field studies were conducted in the Dominican Republic to determine the effect of several plant growth regulators on the yield of `Jira' eggplant. Treatments consisted of aqueous solutions of folcysteine (25, 50, 75 ppm), giberellic acid 3 (10, 20, 30 ppm), kinetine (25, 50, 75 ppm), naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) (25, 50, 75 ppm), 2,3,4-dichloro-phenoxy-triethyl-amine hydrochloride (DCPTA) (25, 50, 75 ppm), triacontanol (5, 10, 15 ppm), ethanol (5, 10, 15%), and chlormequat (50, 100, 150 ppm) sprayed at early flowering, directed to the crop upper leaves and flowers. A control treatment (no plant growth regulators applied) was also included. A randomized complete-block design with four replications was utilized. Experimental units were two rows of 10 plants at a 1.0 × 0.4-m distancing. Eggplant fruit set and yield were determined after 10 harvests performed at 3-day intervals. Analysis of variance and mean comparison tests were performed on the resulting data. `Jira' eggplant fruit set and yield was significantly improved by folcysteine, giberellic acid 3, and NAA, but not by kinetine, DCPTA, ethanol, triacontanol, or chlormequat. Eggplant yield increased as folcysteine rate increased from 0 to 50 ppm, but no further yield increase was obtained when increasing the rate from 50 to 75 ppm. Similarly, eggplant yield significantly increased as gibberellic acid increased from 0 to 20 ppm, but not when rates increased from 20 to 30 ppm. With NAA, eggplant fruit set and yield significantly increased above that of control plants when 25 ppm was applied, with no significant yield increase at higher rates. Results indicate that the yield of `Jira' eggplants could be enhanced by the treatments with either folcysteine, NAA, or gibberellic acid hereby described.

scholarly journals 775 PB 383 A LEACHING FRAME FOR DETERMINING MEDIA RETENTION OF DRENCH-APPLIED PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 544a-544
Author(s):  
Jesse R. Quarrels ◽  
Steven E. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
The Media ◽  
Residual Plant

A leaching frame was constructed to detect residual plant growth regulators in media. The table was 0.9 × 1.8 m and designed to hold 40 10-cm diameter by 30-cm PVC cylinders. Each cylinder was cut lengthwise in half and resealed with duct tape. Rooted cuttings of `Freedom' poinsettias were planted into each cylinder using two media combinations: 2 vermiculite: 2 peat moss: 1 pine bark and 2 vermiculite: 1 peat moss: 2 pine bark (by volume). Four growth regulator treatments were applied to the medium two weeks after transplanting: control, 0.25 mg paclobutrazol, 0.25 mg uniconazole, and 0.125 mg paclobutrazol applied as spike. After plant growth was recorded, the cylinders were removed and sliced lengthwise. Snapdragon plugs were then transplanted into the medium along the length of the cylinder to determine if any residual paclobutrazol remained. Paclobutrazol and uniconazole reduced stem length. The presence of pine bark in the media reduced the effect of the plant growth regulators.

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