scholarly journals Plant Maturity Affects Flowering Ability and Flower Quality in Phalaenopsis, Focusing on Their Relationship to Carbon-to-nitrogen Ratio

HortScience ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Shing-Shan Tsai ◽  
Yao-Chien Alex Chang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Age ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Plant Maturity ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
Flowering Ability

In the commercial production of phalaenopsis orchids, the cultivation time after deflasking is used to describe the plant age and maturity. Carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio is often used as an indicator of plant growth and flowering potential. High C/N ratios are considered to promote reproductive growth, and low C/N ratios are associated with the early vegetative growth or even inhibiting flowering. This study investigated how plant age and maturity affected flowering ability and flower quality of phalaenopsis and their relationship to C/N ratio. The plant materials of various ages were the purple, small-flowered Phalaenopsis Sogo Lotte ‘F2510’ and white, large-flowered P. Sogo Yukidian ‘V3’, which were 2 to 7 months and 10 to 20 months after deflasking, respectively. Plants were placed under 25/20 °C for 4 months to force flowering and investigate the flowering-related parameters. The leaf C/N ratio of both varieties increased in general with the increase of plant age. The spiking (flower-stalk emergence) rate of P. Sogo Lotte ‘F2510’ 2 months after deflasking was only 42%, which indicates that these plants were not completely out of their juvenile phase, whereas that of those 3 to 7 months after deflasking was 100%, indicating that plants had acquired full flowering ability. No linear correlation was found between the C/N ratio and days to spiking, to first visible bud, to first flower open, and to 90% flower opening in the white, large-flowered P. Sogo Yukidian ‘V3’. However, there was a positive correlation between the C/N ratio and inflorescence length, flower-stalk diameter, first flower diameter, and flower count. Thus, the C/N ratio is feasible to be used as an indicator for assessing the flowering quality in phalaenopsis.

scholarly journals Effect of polyamines and natural growth substances on the growth and flowering of rose (Rosa hybrida) cv. Samurai under protected conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1317-1320
Author(s):  
Sumathi Tatte ◽  
Alka Singh ◽  
T. R. Ahlawat
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Growth Substances ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Bud Size ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Flower Quality

Investigations were conducted to study the effect of different polyamines and natural growth substances as a pre harvest foliar spray on greenhouse rose cv. Samurai. The study involved preharvest foliar spraying with polyamines like spermine (10 ppm) and spermidine (10 ppm); natural growth substances like enriched banana pseudostem sap (1 per cent) and cow urine (2 per cent). All the treatments improved the vegetative and flowering characters over control. However, among different treatments, foliar spray of spermine 10 ppm, followed by spermidine 10 ppm were highly significant in influencing all vegetative parameters like plant height (79 cm), number of branches per plant (3.73), stem girth (10.69 mm), number of leaves per plant (91.33), leaf area (14.68 cm2) and leaf chlorophyll content (36.96 mg/g). Further, flowering parameters like flower stalk length (61.24cm), bud length (2.70mm), flower diameter (6.50 cm), number of petals per flower (55.90) and vase life (6.63 days) were significantly maximum in plants sprayed with spermine 10ppm. The treatment of foliar spray with spermine and spermidine almost doubled the flower production and improved the flower quality in tems of bud size and vase life as compared to control.

Fluoride Injury to Cut `Samantha' Roses May Be Reduced by Pulsing with Calcium Nitrate

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1270-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline H. Pearson-Mims ◽  
Virginia I. Lohr
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Flower Longevity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
Nitrate Pulse ◽  
Solution Uptake ◽  
Preservative Solutions

Cut `Samantha' roses (Rosa hybrida L.) were placed in deionized water or a 20-mm Ca(NO3)2 pulsing solution for 72 hours. Flowers then were held in preservative solutions containing 0 or 4 mg fluoride/liter. Fresh weight gain, solution uptake, degree of flower opening, and flower longevity were reduced in the presence of fluoride in the holding solution. Visual symptoms of injury and reduced flower quality also were noted in treatments with fluoride. Pulsing improved fresh weight gain and degree of opening of flowers held in solutions containing fluoride. Pulsing also delayed the onset of visual symptoms of fluoride injury. Water uptake for flowers that were pulsed and exposed to fluoride was not different from uptake for flowers exposed to fluoride alone. Flower longevity for roses in all treatments was increased by using the calcium nitrate pulse, but pulsed flowers in fluoride did not survive as long as the control flowers.

scholarly journals Effect of plant density on stem and flower quality of single-stem ornamental sunflower genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Emina Mladenović ◽  
Sandra Cvejić ◽  
Siniša Jocić ◽  
Nemanja Ćuk ◽  
Jelena Čukanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Flower Quality

The aim of this research was to determine the optimum planting density for the production of high-quality cut flowers with desirable characteristics. 25 single-stem ornamental sunflower genotypes were planted at different densities and evaluated for flowering time, flower diameter, and stem circumference and length over a two-year production cycle. Three spacing patterns were used: 25 × 25 cm, 30 × 30 cm, and 70 × 30 cm, which led to the planting densities of 160 000, 90 000, and 60 000 plants/ha, respectively. The plant density had the most important effect on the stem circumference, flower diameter, and stem length (total variation 52, 60, and 58%, AMMI analysis) and a small effect on the flowering time (total variation 1%, AMMI analysis). Based on environment-focused scaling, all high-density environments could be suitable for the production of single-stem sunflower genotypes. The results demonstrated the adaptation of several sunflower genotypes G9, G11, G12, G21, and G22 as the most suitable based on the optimum flower diameter, stem circumference, and stem length. These results may lead to progress in growing ornamental sunflowers as a cut flower.

scholarly journals Tuber Development and Flower Stalk Production Affected by Plant Age of Gentiana triflora

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Abe ◽  
Kyoko Kawakatsu ◽  
Hidetsugu Otomo ◽  
Takaaki Nishijima
Keyword(s):  
Plant Age ◽  
Tuber Development ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Gentiana Triflora

scholarly journals Postharvest responses of Carnation cut flowers to Prunus cerasoides mediated silver nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1818-1827
Author(s):  
Tu Thi Anh Le
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Preservative Solution ◽  
Prunus Cerasoides ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Flower Quality

Introduction: The procedure to synthesize silver nanoparticles (SNPs) from Prunus cerasoides leaf extract and their effect on vase life and flower quality of cut carnation were investigated. Methods: SNPs were bio-synthesized from Prunus cerasoides leaf extract and characterized by using UV-Vis technique, TEM, and SEM images. The postharvest responses of carnation cut flowers to the biosynthesis SNPs were evaluated through vase life, relative fresh weight, vase solution uptake, flower diameter of cut carnation. Results: SNPs were synthesized under optimum conditions, including using the extract of leaf heating at 60 oC in 30 min, 4 mM of silver nitrate, pH of 11, and 180 min of reaction time. SNPs exhibited antimicrobial activity and then alleviated the bacterial development in the preservative solution. All treatments with SNPs had improved the vase life and quality of cut carnation compared to the control. A vase solution containing 2% sucrose enhanced the carnation cut flowers. Conclusions: The preservative solution containing 25 ppm SNPs and 2% sucrose showed the best effect. SNPs could be used as a promising antibacterial agent applied in the preservative solution for cut carnation flowers.

scholarly journals Effect of pre harvest application of boron and zinc on post harvest quality and vaselife of carnation

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-235
Author(s):  
Likhitha Raj ◽  
Siddappa Siddappa ◽  
S. Varalakshmi ◽  
H. M. Vikas ◽  
C. H. Girjakumari
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Stalk Length

The study was conducted to determine the effect of pre harvest spray of micronutrients like boron, zinc and its combination on post harvest quality and vase life of carnation. Post harvest quality of flowers like flower stalk length (65.61 cm) was maximum in the plant treated with zinc (0.3 per cent), and calyx splitting (3.12 per cent) was minimum in the plants treated with boron (0.1 per cent). Flower diameter (6.64 cm) was highest with boron (0.1 per cent) + zinc (0.3 per cent) treatment. Plants without micronutrient treatment produced poor quality flowers. Regarding vase life studies maximum water uptake and minimum transpiration loss from first day to sixteenth day was resulted in the flowers which are obtained from the plant treated with boron (0.1 per cent). The maximum fresh weight of the flower was noticed in combination of boron (0.1 per cent) + zinc (0.3 per cent) from first to sixteenth day. The foliar spray of boron (0.1 per cent) recorded maximum vase life (11.05 days). So the good quality of flowers can be improved by the foliar spray of zinc, calyx splitting can be controlled by boron foliar spray and vase life of the flower can be maintained by foliar spray of boron. It is confirmed that the foliar application of micronutrient is very much helpful for the improvement of post harvest quality and vase life of carnation.

scholarly journals Methyl Jasmonate Treatment Delays Flower Opening and Petal Wilting of Three Cut Rose Cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Takanori Horibe ◽  
Maho Makita
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Flower Quality

AbstractDeveloping a method for the control of cut flower opening and improvement of cut flower quality is important to meet consumer demand. In this study, we investigated the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on flower opening of three rose cultivars: ‘Red Star,’ ‘Princes Meg,’ and ‘Madrid’. Shoot bases of cut roses were immersed in water solutions containing 100- or 1000-μM MeJA in addition to 2% weight/volume (w/v) sucrose and 0.02% w/v 8-hydroxyquinoline monohydrate. Subsequently, the vase life, flower opening, petal wilting, petal weight, water uptake, and water evaporation were measured. Flower opening of all three cultivars was clearly delayed following the treatment with MeJA, resulting in prolonged vase life compared with control. In addition, flower wilting was suppressed in all cultivars. Moreover, 7 days following treatment, the petal fresh weight was maintained high in the ‘Red Star’ and ‘Princes Meg’ cultivars. However, there was no significant difference in the ‘Madrid’ cultivar versus control. In all three cultivars, there was a minimal difference in the total amount of water uptake and evaporation. Thus, it is suggested that the total amount of water uptake and evaporation have limited relevance to the changes in the relative fresh weight of cut roses and petal fresh weight observed following treatments. Despite the difference in the sensitivity of the rose cultivars to treatment with MeJA, we conclude that MeJA has high potential as a quality retention agent for cut roses.

scholarly journals Vernalization Duration and Light Intensity Influence Flowering of Three Hybrid Nobile Dendrobium Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Lin ◽  
Terri W. Starman ◽  
Yin-Tung Wang ◽  
Genhua Niu
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Flower Longevity ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
Delayed Flowering

The flowering time and flower quality of three hybrid Dendrobium nobile cultivars in relation to light intensity during cooling and duration of vernalization were studied in the first experiment. Mature Dendrobium Red Emperor ‘Prince’, Den. Sea Mary ‘Snow King’, and Den. Love Memory ‘Fizz’ plants were vernalized at 10 °C under 300 to 350 μmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) (12-h photoperiod) or darkness, each with four cooling durations (2, 4, 6, or 8 weeks). Plants were forced in a greenhouse after vernalization. At least 4 weeks of 10 °C cooling in light was needed for complete flower initiation of Den. Red Emperor ‘Prince’, whereas Den. Sea Mary ‘Snow King’ and Den. Love Memory ‘Fizz’ only needed 2 weeks of 10 °C cooling regardless of light. For all three cultivars, darkness during vernalization slightly delayed flowering and resulted in fewer but larger flowers. Longer cooling duration delayed flowering, decreased flower longevity, and produced more and larger flowers. In a second experiment, Den. Love Memory ‘Fizz’ plants were vernalized at 15 °C for 4 weeks under a 12-h photoperiod and PPF of 0, 50, 100, or 200 μmol·m−2·s−1. Compared with 200 μmol·m−2·s−1, low PPF at 50 or 100 μmol·m−2·s−1 did not affect flowering time or flower qualities; however, darkness delayed flowering and reduced flower qualities except flower diameter.

scholarly journals Effect of duration of night interruption on growth and flowering of Chrysanthemum cv. Kikiobiory

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 894-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Thakur ◽  
H.S. Grewal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
Colour Break ◽  
Root Suckers

The study was conducted to determine the effect of duration of night interruption using incandescent bulbs on sustained quality flower production of potted standard Chrysanthemum cv. Kikiobiory. The different night interruption (NI) treatments i.e. control, <5 sec. flash, 30-, 60-, 90- and 120- min. significantly (p<0.05) affected allthe vegetative and floral parameters. The plant height, number of leaves and root suckers per plant increased with the increase duration of NI treatments with maximum at 120- min. NI (90.42 cm, 34.75 and 12.10, respectively). The days taken to flower bud appearance, colour break stage and full bloom were delayed, whereas flower quality with respect to duration of flowering and flower diameter were deteriorated with increase in duration of NI treatments. The days taken to flower bud appearance, colour break stage and full bloom were highest at 120- min. NI (136.84, 183.22 and 202.25 days, respectively) which delayed the flowering by 63.94 days, where full bloom flower appeared in March. There was reduction in duration of flowering and flower diameter with increased NI duration with lowest at 120 min. NI (7.83 days and 15.69 cm). It was observed that increase (120 min.) in night interruption increased the vegetative growth and delayed the flowering; however, flower quality was deteriorated. Thus, it was concluded that 60 min. NI improved flower quality with sustained flower production in potted Chrysanthemum cv. Kikiobiory.

Effects of Different Concentrations of Sucrose on Vase Life of Rose (Rosa sps.cv. Dutch Hybrid)

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
G. Chaudhary ◽  
A. Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
Main Food Source

Keeping quality is an important parameter for evaluation of rose cut flower quality, both in export and domestic markets as fresh cut rose flowers are highly perishable due to limited water uptake and low available energy. Carbohydrate is the main food source to maintain the energy requirement for flowers .An experiment was conducted at Horticulture Laboratory of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung, Nepal on January 2017 in order to find out best concentration of sucrose that enhances and prolongs the better flower quality and longevity. Experiment was laid out with 10 treatments viz. tap water, tap water + 2% sucrose, tap water + 4% sucrose, tap water + 6% sucrose, tap water + 8% sucrose, distilled water, distilled water + 2% sucrose, distilled water + 4% sucrose, distilled water + 6% sucrose and distilled water + 8% sucrose under completely randomized design with three replications. Rose sticks were harvested at flower bud stage and two sticks were kept in each vase solution. Effect of different concentrations of sucrose solution on water uptake, weight gain or loss, neck bending, flower diameter, days to full bloom and vase life was affected significantly. The rose flower held in distilled water + 6% Sucrose was recorded to have higher value (7.77cm) for flower diameter at 10 days followed by Tap water + 6% Sucrose with value 7.62cm. Similarly, lower flower diameter (2.29cm) was observed in Tap water at Day16 followed by Distilled water with value 3.21cm. Similar pattern was observed in all other parameters having highest vase life (19.5 days) in Distilled water + 6% Sucrose and lowest (15.17 days) in tap water only. Among different concentrations of sucrose solution, distilled water + 6% sucrose was found highly effective for longevity of cultivar.

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