scholarly journals Effect of Uniconazole on the Control of Plant Height and Fruit Yield of Potted Tomato, Pepper, and Eggplant

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia E. Villavicencio ◽  
James A. Bethke ◽  
Lea Corkidi
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Pepper Plants

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of the plant regulator uniconazole on plant height, flowering, and fruit yield of vegetable transplants. In the first experiment, seedlings of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum ‘Early Girl’), pepper (Capsicum annuum ‘Jalapeno’), and eggplant (Solanum melongena ‘Millionaire’), were sprayed with water (untreated control) or with 2.5, 5, and 10 mg·L−1 of uniconazole. Five weeks after treatment (WAT), application of 2.5 mg·L−1 of uniconazole reduced the height of tomato by 17%, and of 5 and 10 mg·L−1, by 25%. The effect of 10 mg·L−1 of uniconazole on tomato plant height persisted until 13 WAT, but did not affect fruit yield. ‘Early Girl’ tomato plants treated with 10 mg·L−1 of uniconazole were still shorter than the untreated control at this time, but there were no significant differences in the number or weight of the fruit produced by the plants treated with 10 mg·L−1 of uniconazole, and the untreated controls. In contrast, as the rate of uniconazole increased, the height of ‘Jalapeno’ pepper and ‘Millionaire’ eggplant decreased. Application of uniconazole had no effect on the number of fruit produced by ‘Millionaire’ eggplant. However, treatment with 10 mg·L−1 of uniconazole reduced the number of fruit produced by pepper plants by 50%, and reduced the total weight of fruit produced by pepper and eggplant plants by 30% and 50%, respectively, compared with the untreated control. The second experiment analyzed the effects of 5, 8, and 10 mg·L−1 of uniconazole on two cultivars of tomato with different growth habit, Early Girl (determinate) and Sun Sugar (indeterminate). Application of all rates of uniconazole decreased plant height but not the final fruit yield of the two tomato cultivars.

Relevance of the Mi23 Marker and the Potato Aphid Biology as Indicators of Tomato Plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Resistance to Some Pests

2010 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Godzina ◽  
Mirosława Staniaszek ◽  
Małgorzata Kiełkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Allelic Combination ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Recessive Locus ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

Relevance of the Mi23 Marker and the Potato Aphid Biology as Indicators of Tomato Plant (Solanum lycopersicumL.) Resistance to Some PestsMi-1.2gene, expressed in tomato plants, contributes to endogenous resistance against nematodes and someHemipterainsects. The aim of this study was to screen the presence of dominant/recessive locus of theMi-1.2gene in tomato cultivars with different allelic combination using Mi23 SCAR method and to assess the capacity of the local potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiaeThomas) population to develop on different tomato cultivars (dominant and recessive homozygotes inMi-1.2locus). The results showed that both Mi23 marker and potato aphid performance are relevant methods in screening tomato cultivars with a different allelic combination ofMi-1.2gene. The assessment of biological potential ofM. euphorbiaeproved that, in comparison with control (tomato plants with recessive alleles ofMi-1.2gene), the aphid mortality increased 9- and 4 - fold (in the first and second experimental series, respectively) and the female longevity decreased 3 - fold when fed on tomato cvs with dominant alleles ofMi-1.2gene. Furthermore, the resistance against aphids manifests as an antibiosis mechanism in tomato plants carrying dominant alleles.

scholarly journals Early Pruning Effects on ‘Florida-47’ and ‘Sungard’ Tomato

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bielinski M. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

The effects of early pruning on the growth and yield of ‘Florida-47’ and ‘Sungard’ tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) were assessed in west-central Florida. Each cultivar was established in separate experiments. The four pruning treatments consisted of leaving one, two, and three main stems in the tomato plants below the first flower cluster, and a nonpruned control. Pruning shoots had significant effects on the plant height of ‘Sungard’ and ‘Florida-47’ at 4 and 3 weeks after transplanting, respectively. Tomato plants with a single stem were 13% and 10% taller than the ones in the nonpruned control, respectively. However, this effect disappeared 1 and 2 weeks later in both cultivars. Regardless of the cultivar, early pruning did not influence foliar disease incidence or early and total tomato marketable yield. This cultural practice did not affect the partitioning to different fruit categories in either cultivars. This data showed that early pruning can temporarily change the plant architecture of ‘Sungard’ and ‘Florida-47’ tomato, explaining the perceived increased plant vigor in comparison with the nonpruned control. However, the effect disappeared during the growing season and did not reflect on marketable yields of either tomato cultivars. If no pruning were performed in these cultivars, growers would be able to save an estimated $40/acre of tomato.

scholarly journals Gene effect and heritability of yield and its components in eggplant

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-239
Author(s):  
N.T. Afful ◽  
D. Nyadanu ◽  
R. Akromah ◽  
H.M. Amoatey ◽  
V. Oduro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most important fruit vegetables in the world, with several nutritional and medicinal benefits. However, little is known about the genetic divergence of yield and its related traits. The objective of this study was to explore gene action and heritability of traits to help direct and strengthen breeding programmes, geared towards improving yield of the crop. Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) derived from two crosses (SM001-07 x ST004-03 and SM001 x San005-01) of eggplant accessions, were grown in pots in an open field, using Randomised Complete block Design (RCBD). Estimated data indicated that, the additive-dominance model was adequate to demonstrate the genetic variation and its significance in the inheritance of fruit weight, days to flowering and fruit yield traits. Although non-allelic interactions were found in plant height and number of seeds, additive effect was more pronounced in the genetic control of days to flowering and fruit weight; while dominance effect was more important in the control of plant branching and fruit length. Plant height and fruit yield were influenced by complementary gene action. Furthermore, the study revealed low magnitudes of dominance and environmental variances for most traits showing higher heritability values. In view of the diverse gene actions, with additive, dominant and epistasis, playing significant roles in the control of different traits, backcross, recurrent selection or bi parental could be appropriate for advancing the segregating populations to meet the need of yield improvement in both crosses. Key words: Additive, dominance, Epistasis, gene action

scholarly journals Physiological Beneficial Effect of Rhizophagus intraradices Inoculation on Tomato Plant Yield under Water Deficit Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Fracasso ◽  
Luca Telò ◽  
Luisa Lanfranco ◽  
Paola Bonfante ◽  
Stefano Amaducci
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Chlorophyll Content And Fluorescence ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Rhizophagus Intraradices ◽  
Water Stress Condition

Increasing drought, under current climate change scenarios, will reduce the sustainability of tomato cultivation in the Mediterranean region. The present study evaluates the effect of Rhizophagus intraradices inoculation on tomato plant physiology and yield in response to progressive water deficit conditions. Two commercial products (Prod1 and Prod2) containing only R. intraradices were tested at two different concentrations (1% and 5% of the substrate volume) using three methods of inoculation: (a) mixed to substrate, (b) dissolved in water, (c) spread on seedlings root blocks before transplant. The highest mycorrhization of root fragments (F%) was found with Prod2 at 1% w/w at 40 days after sowing (DAS); this product was therefore used in a second experiment to inoculate tomato plants and test their physiological response to progressive water deficit induced withholding irrigation. Phenology, plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll content and fluorescence, whole canopy gas exchange, biomass production and partitioning and phosphorus content were investigated in inoculated and not inoculated tomato plants under well-watered and water stressed conditions. Vegetative period and plant height were shorter in inoculated than in control plants; moreover, inoculation with R. intraradices increased fruit production by enhancing chlorophyll content under water stress condition, PS2 efficiency, ETR, Fv/Fm, net photosynthetic rate and whole canopy WUE.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Guano Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Varietas Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum L)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
RIFKY INDRA ◽  
Marai Rahmawati ◽  
Marai Rahmawati ◽  
Rita Hayati ◽  
Rita Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Lycopersicum Esculentum ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Stem Base ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat pada berbagai dosis pupuk guano terhadap beberapa varietas tomat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 4 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan yang terdiri dari 2 faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama dosis pupuk guano terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu kontrol, 7,5 ton/ha, 15 ton/ha dan 22,5 ton/ha. Faktor kedua varietas tomat yang terdiri dari 3 varietas yaitu Betavila F1, Permata F1 dan Servo F1. Parameter pertumbuhan yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, diameter pangkal batang dan jumlah daun 15, 30 dan 45 HST. Parameter hasil yang diamati adalah jumlah buah per tanaman, berat buah per tanaman, diameter buah, berat per buah dan produksi buah per hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis pupuk guano berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun umur 30 HST, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata pada peubah lainnya. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat yang cenderung lebih baik dijumpai pada dosis pupuk guano 22,5 ton/ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah daun umur 45 HST, berat per buah, diameter buah, berat buah per tanaman dan produksi buah per hektar. Berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 45 HST dan jumlah buah per tanaman. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat terbaik dijumpai pada varietas Servo. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara dosis pupuk guano dengan varietas terhadap semua peubah yang diamati.The Effects of Guano Fertilizer Dosage on the Growth and the Result of Some Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) Plant VarietiesAbstrak : The study aims to determine the growth and the result of tomato plants with some variances fertilizer dosage on several tomato varieties. This study used a Randomized Block Design 4 x 3 factorial pattern with 3 recurring that is consist of 2 treatment factors. The first factor of guano fertilizer dosage consist of 4 levels which are control, 7,5 ton/ha, 15 ton/ha and 22,5 ton/ha. The second factor of tomato varieties consist which are Betavila F1, Permata F1 and Servo F1. The growth of variable that observed were the plant height, diameter of stem base and the number of leaves 15, 30 and 45 HST. The result of variable that observed were the number of fruits per plant, the weight of fruits per plant, the fruits diameter, the weight per fruits and production of fruits per hectare. The result showed that thr dosage of guano fertilizer had a significant effect on number of leaves aged 30 HST, but it had not significantly effect on other variable. The growth and result of tomato plants were have tend better found on guano fertilizer dosage 22,5 ton/ha. The result showed that the varieties had a very significant effect on number of leaves aged 45 HST, weight per fruits, fruits diameter, weight of fruits per plant and production of fruits per hectare. It also had a significant effect on plant height aged 45 HST and number of fruits per plant. The growth and result of the best tomato plant have found on Servo F1 variety. There is no interaction between the guano fertilizer dosage and the varieties of all observed variables.

scholarly journals Impact of Trichoderma asperellum on Chilling and Drought Stress in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Karen Cornejo-Ríos ◽  
María del Pilar Osorno-Suárez ◽  
Sergio Hernández-León ◽  
Ma Isabel Reyes-Santamaría ◽  
Javier Andrés Juárez-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Negative Impacts

The acceleration of climate change is necessitating the adoption of shifts in farming practices and technology to ensure the sustainability of agricultural production and food security. Because abiotic stresses such as drought and chilling represent major constraints on agricultural productivity worldwide, in this study, the mitigation of such stresses by the fungus Trichoderma asperellum HK703 was evaluated. The fungus was grown on whole grain oats, kaolin and vermiculite for 5 days and then the formulation was mixed with the potting soil to colonize the roots of the plants. The effect of the bioinoculant on tomato under drought or chilling was analyzed in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Leaf, stem and root succulence, electrolyte leakage, the relative growth rate of plant height, stem thickness and leaf area, as well new leaf emergence and chlorophyll content were determined. The results showed that drought or chilling increased electrolyte leakage and reduced plant growth and development traits and chlorophyll (a,b) content. However, inoculation with T. asperellum eliminated or reduced most of the negative impacts of drought compared to the non-stressed plants, with the exception of chlorophyll b content. Furthermore, inoculation with T. asperellum improved some of the evaluated features in chilling stressed plants but had no effect on plant height or chlorophyll (a,b) content. The results of this study indicate that T. asperellum was more effective in alleviating drought than chilling stress in tomato plants.

scholarly journals Drastic Differences in Silicon Concentrations between Roots and Leaves of 10 Different Solanum lycopersicum L. Varieties

HortScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Wendy L. Zellner
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

Silicon (Si) absorption is highly variable among different plant types; however, few studies have examined variations among different cultivars within a single species. In this study, 10 different tomato cultivars, including determinants and indeterminants as well as hybrids and heirlooms, were hydroponically grown in the presence or absence of Si to determine the absorption and distribution of the nutrients in roots, stems, petioles, and leaves. A total elemental analysis revealed that Si concentrations significantly increased with Si treatment, and that root concentrations were significantly higher than those in leaves. Although a few species showed differences in carbon, nitrogen, and calcium concentrations in roots and leaves with Si treatment, many of the macronutrients and micronutrients were unaffected. These data suggest that tomato plants absorb Si within the macronutrient range and restrict its movement from roots to shoots.

scholarly journals UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN TOMAT DENGAN APLIKASI GANDASIL B

BUANA SAINS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Astutik Astutik ◽  
Astri Sumiati
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Leaf Fertilizer

One of efforts to increase tomato plant productions can be done by fertilization. Gandasil B was one of leaf fertilizer which can be used to fill P of plant so that it can increase the plant production. However, so far it has not been used for tomato plants. Therefore, it needs to do a research in order to find out the concentration and fertilization period of Gandasil B to tomato production. The research was conducted in Lowokwaru Village, Malang on March to August 2012. The research consisted of 8 treatment combinations, they are K0P1 (without treatment), K1P2 (1g/l per 1 week), K2P1 (2g/l per 1 week), K3P1 (3g/l per 1 week), K0P2 (without treatment), K1P2 (1g/l per 2 weeks), K2P2 (2 g/l per 2 weeks), K3P2 (3 g/l per 2 weeks). Each treatment was repeated four times.The research results can be concluded that there is concenration interaction and fertilization period to plant height at the age of 14 and 49 days after planting, leaves amount at the age of 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 after planting, flowers amount at the age of 49 days after planting, branches amount at the age of 49 days after planting, and fruits amount. However, partially fertilization period treatment affects at flowering time, flowers amount at the age of 28.35 and 42 days after planting, and fruits weight. The best plant of Gandasil B fertilization results 25.98 fruits/plant with total weight of 1.23 kg/plant

scholarly journals The Effect of Mushrooms Trichoderma sp. and Its Secondary Metabolites on Suppression of Fusarium sp. and Growth of Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum mill.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Agus Suyanto ◽  
Agnes Tutik Purwani Irianti ◽  
Hamdani Hamdani ◽  
Ismail Astar ◽  
Dwi Nurteto
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Number Of Branches

<em>This study aims to determine the interaction effect of the type and dose of Trichoderma sp. and its secondary metabolites on suppression of Fusarium sp. wilt disease and its effect on the growth of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum mill.). This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consisted of two factors. The first factor is the type of application (J) which consists of three levels of treatment, namely: J1 = Trichoderma sp., J2 = Secondary metabolites. J3 = Trichoderma sp. + Secondary metabolites, while the second factor is the application dose (D) which consists of three treatment levels, namely: D1 = 10 ml/plant, D2 = 20 ml/plant, D3 = 30 ml/plant. The treatment was repeated 3 times to obtain 81 tomato plants and added 9 control treatment plants. The parameters observed were the percentage of wilt disease, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaflets, and number of branches. The results showed that in laboratory testing, the mushrooms Trichoderma sp. and secondary metabolites can inhibit the growth of the mushrooms Fusarium sp. In research in the field, treatment with Trichoderma sp., secondary metabolites, and Trichoderma sp. + secondary metabolites, with various spore densities and applied 7 days before planting can reduce the wilting percentage to 0%. The interaction treatment of type and application dose had a very significant effect on the number of leaflets, and had a significant effect on stem diameter but had no significant effect on plant height and number of branches. The highest results on the variable plant height and number of leaflets were found in the J3D3 treatment with a height of 82.67 cm and a number of leaflets of 85.11 strands. The highest results on the stem diameter variable were found in the J1D3 treatment with a diameter of 6.59 mm, while the variable number of branches was found in the J3D1 treatment with 1.35 branches.</em>

scholarly journals Rhamnolipids: The Next Generation Multifunctional Biomolecules for Applications Against Μeloidogyne incognita in Tomato Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Thomas Thomidis ◽  
Ioanna Prodromou ◽  
Argyrios Farmakis
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Plant parasitic nematodes are a global threat to tomato production due to severe damages they cause to roots. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rhamnolipids to control the nematode Meloidogyne incognitain tomato plants. It was applied as soil drench in soil naturally infested with the nematodes. The results showed that the number of small size galls was statistically less in the plants treated with fluopyram than untreated control or rhamnolipids. Plants treated with rhamnolipids had significantly less number of small size galls than untreated control. The number of medium size galls was significant less in plants treated with fluopyram than untreated control. Plants treated with rhamnolipids did not show any difference in the number of medium size galls than untreated control or fluopyram. No significant difference was found among all treatments in the number of big size galls although the plants treated with rhamnolipids or fluopyram had the tendency to show less number. Generally, this study demonstrated the potential of rhamnolipids (biological) to control M. incognita in tomato cultivars.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document