scholarly journals RADIOGRAPHIC AND IMMUNO HISTOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSTIC STUDY OF STRONTIUM RANELATE AND METAL-SUBSTITUTED HYDROXYAPATITE BONE GRAFT MATERIALS IN DIABETES MELLITUS WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 473-483
Author(s):  
Khashaba Oh ◽  
◽  
Alasfar Aa ◽  
Elgendy Ea ◽  
El-Nagdy Sy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strontium Ranelate ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Periapical Radiography

Objective: The aim of the present study is to assess the radiographic and immunohistochemical effect of strontium ranelate (SR) and metal substituted hydroxyapatite (MSHA) on the treatment of chronic periodontitis among diabetic rats Materials and Methods: The study involved ten adult male and female rice rats (1-month-old) weighting (250- 300g). After a 24-hour fast, a single intraperitoneal dose of freshly prepared alloxan was injected to induce diabetes. A month after the injection of alloxan, the rats were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment modalities: SR with gengigel or MSHA with gengigel. Digital periapical radiography was taken at baseline, a month after the injection of alloxan to see resorbed alveolar bone and after 3months post-operative surgery for radiographic assessment. The diabetic rats were sacrificed using an overdose of anesthesia, and gingival tissue samples were collected. The specimens were processed for hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining and immune stain for expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2). Results: Digital periapical radiography showed an increase of nearly 0.37 mm in the height of the alveolar bone in the side of the SR group while the other side in the MSHA group increased by nearly 0.12 mm. A statistically significant reduction in the expression of MMP2 in the SR group as compared to the MSHA group was found upon comparing the immunohistochemical results of the 2 groups. Conclusion: Radiographic and immunohistochemical results showed that SR was a promising material in the treatment of periodontal diseases.

scholarly journals Expression Profile of IL-35 mRNA in Gingiva of Chronic Periodontitis and Aggressive Periodontitis Patients: A Semiquantitative RT-PCR Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 819-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagaraj B. Kalburgi ◽  
Akshay Muley ◽  
B. M. Shivaprasad ◽  
Arati C. Koregol
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Regulatory Cells ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines play a key role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Secretion of bioactive IL-35 has been described by T regulatory cells () and is required for their maximal suppressive activity. are involved in the modulation of local immune response in chronic periodontitis patients.Objective. Hence, the present study was aimed to investigate the expression of IL-35 mRNA in chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis patients.Materials and Methods. The present study was carried out in 60 subjects, which included 20 chronic periodontitis patients, 20 aggressive periodontitis patients, and 20 periodontally healthy controls. IL-35 mRNA expression in gingival tissue samples of all subjects was semiquantitatively analyzed using Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR).Results. The present study demonstrated the expression of IL-35 mRNA in gingival tissues of all the three groups. IL-35 mRNA expression was highest in chronic periodontitis subjects () as compared to the aggressive periodontitis group () and least seen in healthy patients ().Conclusion. The increased expression of IL-35 in chronic and aggressive periodontitis suggests its possible role in pathogenesis of periodontitis. Future studies done on large samples with intervention will strengthen our result.

scholarly journals Effect of Autogenous Cortical Bone Grafting in Conjunction with Guided Tissue Regeneration in the Treatment of Intraosseous Periodontal Defects

2010 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonca Cayir Keles ◽  
Mahmut Sumer ◽  
Burcu Ozkan Cetinkaya ◽  
Ferda Tutkun ◽  
S. Burcak Simsek
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Additional Benefit ◽  
Guided Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Combined Approach

Objectives: The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the additional benefit of using guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with autogenous cortical bone (ACB) grafting versus ACB grafting alone for the regenerative treatment of intraosseous periodontal defects.Methods: Via a split-mouth design, 12 patients with chronic periodontitis (five men, seven women; mean age, 45.3±4.6 years) who had probing pocket depths (PPDs) of ≥6 mm following initial periodontal therapy were randomly assigned to two treatments in contralateral areas of the dentition: a combination of ACB grafting and GTR (with a absorbable membrane of polylactic acid) or ACB grafting alone. The compared parameters were preoperative and 6-month postoperative PPDs, clinical attachment levels (CALs), and radiographic alveolar bone heights.Results: Both treatment modalities resulted in significant changes in the postoperative measurements from the preoperative values (P<.01). The reduction in the PPDs, gain in the CALs, and gain in the radiographic alveolar bone heights were 4.58±1.08, 4.25±1.06, and 5.50±2.24 mm in the patients treated with ACB grafting and GTR and 4.92±1.00, 4.50±0.80, and 5.92±1.83 mm in those treated with ACB grafting alone, respectively. The differences between the treatments were not statistically significant (P>.05).Conclusions: Within the study limitations, both ACB grafting with GTR and ACB grafting alone lead to significant improvements in clinical and radiographic parameters at 6 months postoperatively. The combined approach does not provide any additional benefit for treating intraosseous periodontal defects. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:403-411)

scholarly journals Role of sea buckthorn oil in management of chronic periodontitis: follow-up study

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamika Sharma ◽  
Shatakshi Sharma ◽  
Shivi Khattri ◽  
Harshita Garg
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Scaling And Root Planing ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Sea Buckthorn Oil

Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition resulting in loss of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Nonsurgical therapy remains the cornerstone of periodontal treatment. For sustained plaque control it plays an important role in achieving successful long-term results for the care of Chronic Periodontitis subjects. Proper maintenance and patient hygiene plays a vital role in suppression of re-colonization of micro-organism. Many adjunctive treatment modalities along with mechanical debridement have been clinically used and investigated for their efficacy. Systemic antioxidants in conjunction with scaling and root planing can offer additional effects and can be used as an adjunctive treatment. Patients with periodontal disease display increased PMN number and activity, resulting in high degree of free radical release culminating in heightened oxidative damage to gingival tissues, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Damage mediated by free radicals can be mitigated by "antioxidant defense system ".Sea buckthorn oil is an omega-7 fatty acid antioxidant which has unique botanical and nutritional properties thereby benefiting mucous membrane by reducing inflammation, improving wound healing and showing excellent antibacterial property. In this research patients were prescribed systemic antioxidant after the phase 1 therapy ie scaling and root planing to observe its effects on the various clinical parameters.

scholarly journals Effect of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Superoxide Dismutase Levels in Gingival Tissues of Chronic Periodontitis Patients: A Clinical and Spectophotometric Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxmi Sukhtankar ◽  
Anita Kulloli ◽  
Rahul Kathariya ◽  
Sharad Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Tissue Samples

BACKGROUND: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant acting against superoxide (oxygen radical, O2.-), it is released in inflammatory pathways and causes connective tissue breakdown. Increased SOD activity in inflamed gingiva may indicate increased O2.-radical generation by neutrophils and other inflammatory cells at the diseased site. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on SOD levels in gingival tissues of chronic periodontitis patients.METHODS: Forty subjects: 20 periodontally healthy (Control) and 20 chronic periodontitis (Test); age range 24–55 years were recruited. Gingival tissue samples were collected by excising the inner lining of the periodontal pocket at baseline (prior to non-surgical periodontal therapy) and 2 months post therapy. In controls, tissue samples were obtained immediately after tooth extraction scheduled for orthodontic reasons. Clinical parameters included probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival index, bleeding index, plaque index. SOD activities were assessed spectrophotometrically at baseline and 2 months post NSPT, results were analysed statistically.RESULTS: At baseline, patients with chronic periodontitis had higher mean SOD activity (2.73 ± 1.36) than the control subjects (1.12 ± 1.13) withp= 0.00003 (p< 0.05). At 2 months post NSPT median SOD level (1.00) had come close to median SOD value of control group (0.85);p= 0.99 (p> 0.05). The resolution of inflammation with successful NSPT resulted in decreased SOD levels as in control group. Clinical parameters in patients with chronic periodontitis showed a significant improvement 2 months post NSPT (p< 0.05).CONCLUSION: Non-surgical periodontal therapy significantly improves the clinical parameters and restores previously increased SOD levels to normal in chronic periodontitis patients.

scholarly journals Association Between Mast Cells and Collagen Maturation in Chronic Periodontitis in Humans

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia S.F. e Ribeiro ◽  
Jean N. dos Santos ◽  
Clarissa A.G. Rocha ◽  
Patricia R. Cury
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
The Relationship

Mast cells (MCs) can influence the maturation of collagen fibers. This study evaluated the relationship between the distribution and degranulation of MCs and collagen maturation in human gingival tissue in chronic periodontitis. A total of 16 specimens of patients clinically diagnosed as periodontitis and 18 controls clinically diagnosed as healthy or gingivitis were included. Immunohistochemistry and Picrosirius staining were performed to identify MCs and assess collagen fibers, respectively. Chi-square, t test, and Pearson’s correlation test ( p<0.05) were used. In control specimens, there was a positive association between MCs in the connective tissue and the presence of immature collagen ( p=0.001); in periodontitis samples, this association was not confirmed ( p≥0.12). There was no significant relationship between periodontal diagnosis and collagen maturation or MC degranulation ( p≥0.35). MC density was significantly higher ( p=0.04) in periodontitis tissue (339.01 ± 188.94 MCs/mm2) than in control tissue (211.14 ± 131.13 MCs/mm2) in the area of connective tissue containing inflammatory infiltrate. There was a correlation between the number of MCs and probing depth ( r = 0.34, p=0.04). MCs are involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases and might be associated with collagen maturation in periodontal tissue during the early stages of periodontal disease pathogenesis.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ESTIMATION OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 70 (HSP 70) EXPRESSION IN HEALTH, GINGIVITIS AND PERIODONTITIS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhivya Darshani D ◽  
Nithya anand ◽  
Dr. Vidyarani Shyamsundar ◽  
Dr.Bagavad Gita
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Hsp 70 ◽  
Tissue Samples

Background: Although periodontal bacteria are the causative agents of periodontitis, subsequent progression and disease severity are thought to be determined by a host's immune responses. HSPs may be expressed during periodontal diseases. Objective: To compare the HSP 70 expression within layers of epithelium and connective tissue and correlate the expression of HSP 70 with the severity of periodontal disease. Materials & Methods: The study population comprised of 25 patients with periodontitis, and 23 patients with gingivitis and 21 controls with healthy gingival; tissue samples collected from the Department of Periodontology /Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery respectively. An immunohistochemical analysis was done for HSP 70 expression. Results: One way ANOVA results indicate a statistically significant expression in basal layer for mild inflammation (mean=2.36) and intensity in stratum spinosum for mild (mean=2.27) and minimum (mean=2.39) inflammation. An overall greater HSP 70 expression is noticed in periodontitis group (total IRIDI = 25.41) however not statistically significant Conclusion: We elucidated that there was significant HSP 70 expression in stratum basale and spinosum for mild inflammation that did not increase with severity of inflammation. The overall expression of HSP70 is insignificantly elevated in periodontitis compared to health & gingivitis. Statistical analysis used: One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis Test. Keywords:  Heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Porphyromonas gingivalis.

scholarly journals Optimizing Maxillary Aesthetics of a Severe Compromised Tooth through Orthodontic Movement and Dental Implants

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Scaf de Molon ◽  
Erica Dorigatti de Avila ◽  
Joni Augusto Cirelli ◽  
Mauricio de Almeida Cardoso ◽  
Leopoldino Capelozza-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Active Movement ◽  
Ridge Preservation ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Bone Apposition ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Orthodontic Movement

Treatment of severe compromised tooth in the maxillary anterior area still poses great challenge to the clinicians. Several treatment modalities have been proposed to restore the function and aesthetics in teeth with advanced periodontal disease. The present study aims to report a case of traumatic injury of a left-maxillary central incisor with ridge preservation, orthodontic movement, and implant therapy. A 45-year-old woman underwent the proposed treatment for her left central incisor: basic periodontal therapy, xenogenous bone graft, and guided bone regeneration (GBR). Six months after the graft procedure, orthodontic movement by means of alignment and leveling was made and a coronal displacement of the gingival margin and vertical bone apposition could be observed after 13 months of active movement. Afterwards, a dental implant was placed followed by a connective tissue graft and immediate provisionalization of the crown. In conclusion, orthodontic movement was effective to improve the gingival tissue and alveolar bone prior to implant placement favoring the aesthetic results. Six years postoperatively, the results revealed height and width alveolar bone gain indicating that the treatment proposed was able to restore all the functional and aesthetic parameters.

scholarly journals mRNA Expression of MMP-28 (Epilysin) in Gingival Tissues of Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis Patients: A Reverse Transcriptase PCR Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Padmavati ◽  
S. Savita ◽  
B. M. Shivaprasad ◽  
Krishna Kripal ◽  
K. Rithesh
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
The Difference

Background and Objectives. Matrix metalloproteinases degrade extracellular membrane and also release bioactive fragments and growth factors, thus influencing fundamental biological and pathological processes. Epilysin (MMP-28) differs from most other MMPs as it is expressed in a number of normal tissues, suggestive of functions in tissue homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to quantitatively evaluate and compare the mRNA expression of epilysin (MMP-28) in gingival tissues of healthy patients and of patients affected by chronic or aggressive periodontitis.Methods. A total of 60 subjects, 20 periodontally healthy subjects, 20 with chronic periodontitis, and 20 with aggressive periodontitis, were included in this study. Periodontal status was evaluated by measuring gingival index, probing depth and clinical attachment level. mRNA expression of MMP-28 was determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in gingival tissue samples collected.Results. Relative quantification of mRNA expression of MMP-28 was highest in healthy tissues () when compared to subjects with chronic periodontitis () and aggressive periodontitis (), but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion. mRNA expression of MMP-28 was highest in healthy tissues when compared to diseased periodontal tissues suggesting that MMP-28 could act as a biomarker for periodontal health.

Comparison of Accuracy of Digital Periapical Radiography with Digital Bitewing in Evaluation of Bone Resorption in Posterior Teeth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Rafiei ◽  
Elnaz Safari ◽  
Roshanak Ghaffari
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Valuable Adjunct ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Periapical Radiography

Introduction: Radiography is a valuable adjunct to the diagnosis of periodontal disease. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of two periapical radiographic and digital biting techniques in assessing bone resorption in posterior teeth of patients with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 36 samples of interproximal surfaces of posterior teeth in patients with chronic periodontitis, candidate of flap surgery referring to the department of periodontitis, faculty of dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan) in 2015. First two methods of imaging include periapical and digital bitewing were performed and the necessary distances were measured by a radiologist. Then, during surgery, and before the bone contour correction, the distance from the reference point to the alveolar bone shaft (gold standard) was measured by a Williams probe. Data were analyzed using Paired t-test. (α = 0.05). Result: Out of 36 specimens, respectively in bitewing and periapical radiographs 2 and 1 cases were equal with clinical and in 16 (44.4%) and 20 (55.6%) distances were more. The average difference of amount of bone resorption in bitewing was 0.2 ± 0.12 mm and there was no significant difference between estimated mean value (p value = 0.01). Average difference of amount of bone resorption in periapical to clinical method was 0.87 ± 0.26 it was significant difference (p value = 0.001). Conclusion: According to result, the use of bitewing radiography to determine the rate of bone resorption in posterior teeth is preferable to periapical radiography.

scholarly journals IL-37- and IL-35/IL-37-Producing Plasma Cells in Chronic Periodontitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 813-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jing ◽  
S. Kim ◽  
L. Sun ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
E. Mildner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Cell Type

Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases and is induced by the interaction between oral microorganisms and the host immune system. Plasma cells are of special interest in chronic periodontitis (CP), as they represent ~50% of infiltrated immune cells in periodontal lesions. Plasma cells constitute the only known cell type capable of antibody production; however, recent evidence supports an emerging role for distinct sets of plasma cells in cytokine production. However, the presence of cytokine-producing plasma cells in CP is unknown. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to detect significantly elevated levels of IL-35 and IL-37 (2 recently identified anti-inflammatory cytokines) in CP gingival tissue as compared with healthy tissue. Remarkably, we demonstrate that CD138+ CD38+ plasma cells are the major immune cell type in CP gingival tissues and that these cells produce IL-35 and IL-37. We used immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy analysis to identify a subset of plasma cells with robust cytoplasmic expression of IL-37—we denote this subset as IL-37-producing plasma cells (CD138+CD38+PIL-37). Another subset of plasma cells coproduces IL-35 and IL-37 and is denoted as IL-37/IL-35-coproducing plasma cells (CD138+CD38+PIL-35/IL-37). We determined that these 2 plasma cell subsets are IgG+plasma cells. Moreover, we show that human recombinant IL-35 and IL-37 exhibit a dose-dependent inhibition of osteoclast formation in vitro (~78.9% and 97.7% inhibition in 300 ng/mL of IL-35 and IL-37, respectively, P < 0.05). Overall, our findings suggest that PIL-37 and PIL-35/IL-37 exist as subsets of plasma cells in CP lesions and that these 2 new types of plasma cells may regulate periodontitis pathogenesis by inhibiting alveolar bone loss through directly blocking osteoclast formation. Importantly, these data suggest a novel role of plasma cells and offer potential new mechanistic and regulatory targets to be investigated in the context of periodontal health and disease.

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