scholarly journals Group multicriteria model for allocating resources to combat drought in the Brazilian semi-arid region

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1145-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Edson Espíndola Gonçalo ◽  
Danielle Costa Morais
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Multicriteria Model ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Made In

AbstractThe world is facing a growing water scarcity problem in the most diverse regions. The Rio Grande do Norte (RN), a Brazilian semi-arid region, is facing its severest drought in the last 100 years. Given this context, managing water resources and combating the effects of the drought have become even more important. Decisions made in this context may involve multiple criteria established by more than one decision-maker. To tackle this issue, a multicriteria model for group decisions is proposed in order to rank the municipalities of the region and thus guide the public administration's efforts in tackling the drought and mitigating its effects. The applicability of the model is exemplified by studying the Apodi-Mossoró river basin, for which the PROMETHEE GDSS method was selected and the preferences of three decision-makers were calculated.

scholarly journals EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF Perkinsus sp. INFESTING Crassostrea rhizophorae FROM THE SEMI-ARID REGION, BRAZIL

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Giovanio da Silva ◽  
Naibe Cristina de Figueiredo ◽  
José Ticiano Arruda Ximenes de Lima ◽  
Inês Xavier Martins
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Bivalve Mollusks ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
Marine Bivalves ◽  
The World ◽  
Crassostrea Rhizophorae ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract The coast of the semi-arid region of Brazil is known for the presence of large estuaries inhabited by numerous species of edible bivalve mollusks. The oyster C. rhizophorae is naturally found in estuarine environments along the Brazilian coast, fixed on substrates, mainly in the roots of mangroves. Protozoa of the genus Perkinsus are important parasites of marine bivalves, sometimes causing significant pathological damage throughout the world. This study reports the occurrence of parasites Perkinsus sp. in mangrove oysters from Porto de Mangue estuary (Rio Grande do Norte state) and Icapuí estuary (Ceará state), two estuaries of the semi-arid region of Brazil. In Porto do Mangue estuary, oysters were collected in December 2016, January and February 2017. In Icapuí estuary, oyster sampling occurred in September, October and November 2017. Two fragments of the gills were incubated in Ray's Fluid Thioglycollate Medium - RFTM. The ecological and parasitological parameters were calculated. Five of the ninety oysters collected in Porto do Mangue estuary were parasitized, which corresponded to a mean prevalence of 5.6%, and in Icapuí estuary 18 of the 120 oysters collected were parasitized, which corresponded to a mean prevalence of 15.0%. The intensity of infection by Perkinsus sp. ranged from very mild to mild.

Avaliação da susceptibilidade à degradação ambiental em um município serrano do semiárido do Brasil (Cerro Corá-RN) / Evaluation of susceptibility to environmental degradation in a mountain municipality at semi-arid region of Brazil (Cerro Corá-RN)

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (55) ◽  
pp. 880-897
Author(s):  
Henrique Roque Dantas ◽  
Jânio Carlos Fernandes Guedes ◽  
Diógenes Félix da Silva Costa ◽  
Fernando Moreira Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Economic Practices ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Os processos de ocupação e evolução dos ambientes naturais em decorrência de um processo desordenado de implementação de práticas econômicas agrosilvopastoris, desempenham um papel determinante de degradação da paisagem do semiárido Nordestino. A Serra de Santana apresenta elementos naturais importantes para o estado do Rio Grande do Norte como a nascente do Rio Potengi.  O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o grau de susceptibilidade de degradação no município de Cerro Corá - RN.  Foram utilizadas imagens de satélite Landsat-5 e dados censitários referente ao ano de 2008. Como método fez-se uso da proposta de Karmieczak e Seabra (2007) que contempla uso do solo, NDVI, precipitação, pecuária e erodibilidade na avaliação da degradação ambiental. Os resultados mostraram que em a maioria do município de Cerro Corá apresenta uma susceptibilidade de baixa a média, que juntos representam 63,92% do município. Um sistema de informação Geográfica torna-se indispensável no monitoramento ambiental de Cerro Corá/RN.Palavras-chave: LANDSAT, Indicadores de degradação ambiental, Geoprocessamento, uso do solo.AbstractThe occupation processes and evolution of natural environments due to a disorderly process of implementing agrosilvopastoris economic practices, play a decisive role in degradation of the Northeastern semi-arid landscape. The Serra de Santana presents important natural elements for the state of Rio Grande do Norte as the source of the Potengi River. The present work had as objective to analyze the degree of susceptibility of degradation in the municipality of Cerro Corá - RN. Landsat-5 satellite images were used and census data for the year 2008. As a method made use of the proposed Karmieczak and Seabra (2007) which includes land use, NDVI, precipitation, livestock and erodibility in the evaluation of environmental degradation. The results showed that in most of the municipality of Cerro Cora has a low susceptibility average, which together account for 63.92% of the municipality. A geographic information system becomes indispensable in the environmental monitoring of Cerro Corá/RNKeywords: LANDSAT, Indicators of environmental degradation, Geoprocessing, Use of Soil.

Development, verification and validation of a three-dimensional groundwater flow model for ESM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Miura ◽  
Kei Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Groundwater Flow Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

<p>  Groundwater is one of the important water resources in the world and Groundwater flow is linked with surface water strongly. Many studies on groundwater are conducted in a local scale or focused on affect-ing surface water in a global scale. In current Earth System Model, fixed and constant one-dimensional vertical grid is used in unsaturated zone. In real world, the thickness of unsatu-rated zone depends on the climate and it is considered that there are limitations of runoff process expression especially in humid mountainous area. In this study, we developed three-dimensional groundwater flow model as ESM which can represent the variably saturated flow and groundwa-ter storativity. Since, this model is eventually coupled with Land Surface Model, it is possible to track the underground water flow using boundary conditions of recharge and surface water level.</p><p>  We verified accuracy of the code using one & two-dimensional infiltration problem, three-dimensional groundwater pumping problem, and hillslope problem. Our model was com-pared with other researchers results, experimental data, analytical solutions. In consequence, our model was able to get accurate results. Subsequently, we conducted validation in Central valley, California, USA. The reason of chose this region is that this region is a semi-arid region, ground-water is used for irrigation and well pumping data is accessible. Over the world, groundwater use is more important in arid or semi-arid region than in humid area, and also highly utilized as agri-cultural water. Central valley has representativeness of groundwater use. In addition, the famous groundwater model, MODFLOW, was used to evaluate water resource management in this region. As well as MODFLOW, we calibrated hydraulic conductivity with 24 observation sites during 1961 - 2003 to validate. 156 observation points excluded 24 calibration points were used as vali-dation in same period. In the near future, we will confirm the difference between one-dimension and three dimensions setting of the unsaturated zone with respect to runoff process.</p>

scholarly journals CIRCO-TEATRO NO SEMIÁRIDO BAIANO (1911-1942) [Reginaldo Carvalho]

REPERTÓRIO ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Teatro & Dança Repertório
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
The City ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Made In

<div>O presente artigo refl ete sobre a historiografia do teatro baiano e traz elementos da história do circo-teatro no semi-árido da Bahia, entre os anos de 1911 e 1942, com foco na cidade de Senhor do Bonfim, através da apresentação de 21 companhias circenses que passaram pelo interior do estado na primeira metade do século XX.<br><br />This article reflects on the historiography of theater made in Bahia and brings elements of the history of the circus-theater in the semi-arid region of Bahia, between the years 1911 and 1942, focusing on the city of Senhor do Bonfim, by presenting 21 companies circus that passed through the countryside in the first half of the twentieth century.</div>

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in bovine slaughtered in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 3047-3056
Author(s):  
Pirajá Saraiva Bezerra Neto ◽  
◽  
Flábio Ribeiro de Araújo ◽  
Taynara Nunes Pasquatti ◽  
Felício Garino Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Microbiological Culture ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Between November 2017 and August 2018, in order to determine the occurrence of tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, 11,610 bovine carcasses underwent a routine post-mortem inspection. One animal presented suggestive lesions and samples from lung, spleen and heart were submitted to microbiological culture in Stonebrink medium for 90 days and molecular analysis by nested-PCR. For histopathological examination and Ziehl Neelsen staining, the omentum was used. In the cultured samples, two of them (heart and spleen) showed growth, but were not confirmed as M. bovis by conventional PCR. At nested-PCR, the samples showed amplification for the TbD1 region. The presence of numerous granulomas was detected in the histopathological examination characterized by a necrotic center and areas of mineralization, as well as the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in the Ziehl-Neelsen stain. Microbiological culture can show false negative results, despite being considered a gold standard technique, although it takes time. Nested-PCR and histopathology show fast and effective results for the diagnosis of the disease. The presence of positive animals represents a public health risk in the studied region. Therefore, one of the essential systems applied to the control of bovine tuberculosis is the epidemiological surveillance of animals in slaughterhouses.

scholarly journals Análise do plano diretor participativo de Ibimirim, Pernambuco: ineficiências e desafios

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
Patrício Rinaldo dos Santos ◽  
Márcio Catharin Marchetti
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
The City ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Made In

Resumo O crescimento urbano desordenado e sem planejamento tem contribuído para o surgimento de vários problemas socioeconômicos e ambientais, até mesmo em pequenas cidades localizadas no semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro. Objetivou-se com este estudo verificar as ineficiências e os desafios que norteiam a implantação do Plano Diretor Participativo do município de Ibimirim, estado de Pernambuco. O estudo em evidência é de caráter descritivo e exploratório complementando-se, para o alcance dos resultados propostos, com o método observacional. Foram feitas análises documentais e observações diretas em campo. Verificou-se que o Plano Diretor está composto por eixos e que algumas normas não estão sendo cumpridas conforme a legislação em vigor. O município não revisa o seu Plano Diretor desde o ano de 2006 e não existe fiscalização nas construções, devido à ausência de instrumentos, como o código de posturas, o código de obras e edificações e o zoneamento urbano-ambiental. Espera-se que esta observação possa subsidiar políticas públicas para uma regularização urbana e promoção de melhores condições de vida para as presentes e futuras gerações, neste e em outros municípios do semiárido. Palavras-chave: Urbanização. Estatuto das cidades. Plano Diretor. Ibimirim. Abstract The uncontrolled and unplanned urban growth has contributed to the insertion of several socioeconomic and environmental problems, even in small cities located in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil. The objective of this study was to verify the inefficiencies and challenges that guide the implementation of the Participatory Master Plan of the municipality of Ibimirim, state of Pernambuco. The study in evidence is descriptive and exploratory, complementing it in the proposed results' scope with the observational method. Documentary analyses and direct observations were made in the field. It was found that the Master Plan is composed of axes and that some standards are not being complied with according to the legislation in force. The municipality has not revised its Master Plan since 2006, and there is no inspection in the buildings due to the absence of instruments, such as the city administrative rules, the code of works and buildings, and the urban-environmental zoning. It is expected that this observation can support public policies for urban regularization and promotion of better living conditions for present and future generations, in this and other municipalities of the semi-arid region. Keywords: Urbanization. Statute of cities. Master plan. Ibimirim. Resumen El crecimiento urbano desorganizado y no planificado ha contribuido para la generación de varios problemas socioeconómicos y ambientales, incluso en pequeñas ciudades ubicadas en la región semiárida del noreste de Brasil. El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar las ineficiencias y los desafíos que guían la implantación del Plan Maestro Participativo del municipio de Ibimirim, estado de Pernambuco. El estudio en evidencia es descriptivo y exploratorio, complementado, para lograr los resultados propuestos, por el método de observación. Se realizaron revisiones documentales y observaciones directas de campo. Se encontró que el plan maestro está compuesto por ejes y que algunas normas no se cumplen de acuerdo con la legislación vigente. El municipio no ha revisado su Plan Maestro desde 2006 y no hay inspección en los edificios, debido a la ausencia de instrumentos como las normas administrativas municipales, el código de obras y edificios y la zonificación urbano-ambiental. Se espera que esta observación pueda apoyar las políticas públicas para una regulación urbana y la promoción de mejores condiciones de vida para las generaciones presentes y futuras, en este y en otros municipios de la región semiárida. Palabras-clave: Urbanización. Estatuto de las ciudades. Plan maestro. Ibimirim.

scholarly journals Attributes of Neosols associated with agricultural uses in the Semi-arid Region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
Sonally Jácome Cavalcante Jussiara ◽  
Cruz Portela Jeane ◽  
Bezerra de Melo Stefeson ◽  
Rangel de Souza Melo Mikhael ◽  
Reboucas Cosme Christiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Índice de Vulnerabilidade Geral para municípios do semiárido brasileiro

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 310
Author(s):  
Jaricélia Patrícia Oliveira Sena ◽  
João Miguel Moraes Neto ◽  
Daisy Beserra Lucena
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
High Index ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Socioeconomic Vulnerability ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Nas últimas décadas, estudos científicos que enfatizam a temática da vulnerabilidade e adaptação à mudança do clima vêm crescendo devido aos impactos de alguns eventos extremos como, chuva em excesso, escassez, ondas de calor afetando diretamente a sociedade humana. Neste contexto, o presente estudo objetivou analisar o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Geral (IVG), que se baseia em indicadores socioeconômicos, epidemiológicos e climáticos, em municípios distribuídos nos estados inseridos na região semiárida brasileira. Neste caso, especificamente, o Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba e Pernambuco. Os dados utilizados para o recorte temporal entre 1995 e 2018 são do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), do Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS) e do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET). Em relação aos resultados, eles evidenciam o índice de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica (IVSE) em relação aos demais, destacando as categorias de demografia, educação e saneamento. O município de Campina Grande foi o que apresentou alto índice de vulnerabilidade epidemiológica (IVE), em razão dos altos índices de dengue (0,733), leptospirose (1,000) e esquistossomose (1,000). Já os municípios de Apodi e Cruzeta exibiram alto índice de vulnerabilidade climática (IVC) decorrentes dos elevados números de eventos extremos de chuva.  Ademais, o índice de vulnerabilidade geral (IVG) indicou que as dimensões mais acentuadas para indícios de aumento foram o IVC e o IVSE, com exceção de Campina Grande que apresentou alto IVE. General Vulnerability Index Regarding the Municipalities in Brazilian Semi-Arid Region ABSTRACTIn recent decades, some scientific studies that emphasize the issue of vulnerability and adaptation to the climate change have been growing due to the impacts of some extreme events such as excessive rain, drought, heat waves that directly affect human society. In this context, the aim of this study it is to analyze though means of the General Vulnerability Index (IVG), which is based on socioeconomic, epidemiological and climatic indicators, in municipalities distributed in the states of Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, and Pernambuco, all inserted in the semiarid region of Brazil. The data that had been used refers to a period from 1995 to 2018 and they were based on the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Department of Informatics of SUS (DATASUS), and the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET). Regarding the results, they show the socioeconomic vulnerability index (IVSE) in relation to the others, highlighting the categories of demography, education and sanitation. According to data Campina Grande was the place that presented high index of epidemiological vulnerability (IVE), as a result of the high rates of dengue (0.733), leptospirosis (1,000) and schistosomiasis (1,000). The municipalities of Apodi and Cruzeta exhibited a high index of climatic vulnerability (CVI) due to the elevated occasions of extreme rains. In addition, the general vulnerability index (IVG) indicated that the most accentuated dimensions for evidence of increase were IVC and IVSE.Keywords: Indicators; Socioeconomic; Epidemiological; Climate

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