Development of a system for treatment of coconut industry wastewater using electrochemical processes followed by Fenton reaction

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 2258-2264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcio de Moura Gomes ◽  
José Leandro da Silva Duarte ◽  
Nathalia Marcelino Pereira ◽  
Carlos A. Martínez-Huitle ◽  
Josealdo Tonholo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Electrochemical Processes

The coconut processing industry generates a significant amount of liquid waste. New technologies targeting the treatment of industrial effluents have emerged, including advanced oxidation processes, the Fenton reaction, and electrochemical processes, which produce strong oxidizing species to remove organic matter. In this study we combined the Fenton reaction and electrochemical process to treat wastewater generated by the coconut industry. We prepared a synthetic wastewater consisting of a mixture of coconut milk and water and assessed how the Fenton reagents' concentration, the cathode material, the current density, and the implementation of associated technologies affect its treatment. Electrochemical treatment followed by the Fenton reaction diminished turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 85 and 95%, respectively. The Fenton reaction followed by the electrochemical process reduced turbidity and COD by 93 and 85%, respectively. Therefore, a combination of the Fenton and electrochemical technologies can effectively treat the effluent from the coconut processing industry.

Efficiency and toxicity: comparison between the Fenton and electrochemical processes

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 1143-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Gomes Tavares ◽  
Danilo Henrique da Silva Santos ◽  
Sheyla Jaqueline Albuquerque Torres ◽  
Wagner Roberto Oliveira Pimentel ◽  
Josealdo Tonholo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
High Current ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Dye Oxidation ◽  
Germination And Growth

This study aimed to determine the best method to treat a textile effluent containing the dye basic blue 99 (BB). Treatments by the electrochemical and the Fenton processes were compared by means of a 23 experimental design, and the interaction of experimental conditions for BB oxidation were determined. The electrochemical treatment gave better results in the presence of NaCl as electrolyte and high current density (30 mA cm−2); the Fenton reaction provided better results at H2O2 and Fe2+ concentrations of 10 mg L−1 and 0.5 mmol L−1, respectively. Electrochemical treatment was 23 times faster than the Fenton reaction because formation of chlorinated species during electrooxidation significantly contributed to dye oxidation. Although the electrochemical process was more efficient, the resulting treated effluent was more toxic to Lactuca sativa germination and growth, which indicated some biotoxicity. Results demonstrated that both processes efficiently remediated effluents containing the dye BB, but they need to be combined with other processes to ensure complete adequacy of the effluent for disposal.

scholarly journals A Comparative Electrochemical-Ozone Treatment for Removal of Phenolphthalein

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. García-Orozco ◽  
C. E. Barrera-Díaz ◽  
G. Roa-Morales ◽  
Ivonne Linares-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Diamond Electrodes ◽  
Boron Doped Diamond ◽  
Boron Doped ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Density Values

The degradation of aqueous solutions containing phenolphthalein was carried out using ozone and electrochemical processes; the two different treatments were performed for 60 min at pH 3, pH 7, and pH 9. The electrochemical oxidation using boron-doped diamond electrodes processes was carried out using three current density values: 3.11 mA·cm−2, 6.22 mA·cm−2, and 9.33 mA·cm−2, whereas the ozone dose was constantly supplied at 5±0.5 mgL−1. An optimal degradation condition for the ozonation treatment is at alkaline pH, while the electrochemical treatment works better at acidic pH. The electrochemical process is twice better compared with ozonation.

scholarly journals Application of electrochemical treatment for the removal of triazine dye using aluminium electrodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakthisharmila Palanisamy ◽  
Palanisamy Nachimuthu ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Awasthi ◽  
Balasubramani Ravindran ◽  
Soon Woong Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Electrode Consumption ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process

Abstract Textile effluents contain triazine-substituted reactive dyes that cause health problems such as cancer, birth defects, and hormone damage. An electrochemical process was employed effectively to degrade azo reactive dye with the aim of reducing the production of carcinogenic chemicals during biodegradation. Textile dye C.I. Reactive Red 2 (RR2), a model pollutant that contains dichloro triazine ring, was subjected to the electrocoagulation process using aluminium (Al) electrodes. A maximum of 97% of colour and 72% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies were achieved and 9.5 kWh/kg dye electrical energy and 0.8 kg Al/kg dye electrode consumption were observed. The dye removal mechanism was studied by analysing the results of UV-Vis spectra of RR2 and treated samples at various time intervals during electrocoagulation. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectral studies were used for analysing the electrocoagulated flocs. The results indicate that in this process the dye gets removed by adsorption and there is no significant carcinogenic by-product formation during the degradation of dye.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Degradation of Crystal Violet Using Ti/Pt/SnO2 Electrode

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8401
Author(s):  
Rachid El Brychy ◽  
Mohamed Moutie Rguiti ◽  
Nadia Rhazzane ◽  
Moulay Driss Mellaoui ◽  
Khalid Abbiche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Initial Ph

Today, organic wastes (paints, pigments, etc.) are considered to be a major concern for the pollution of aqueous environments. Therefore, it is essential to find new methods to solve this problem. This research was conducted to study the use of electrochemical processes to remove organic pollutants (e.g., crystal violet (CV)) from aqueous solutions. The galvanostatic electrolysis of CV by the use of Ti/Pt/SnO2 anode, were conducted in an electrochemical cell with 100 mL of solution using Na2SO4 and NaCl as supporting electrolyte, the effect of the important electrochemical parameters: current density (20–60 mA cm−2), CV concentration (10–50 mg L−1), sodium chloride concentration (0.01–0.1 g L−1) and initial pH (2 to 10) on the efficiency of the electrochemical process was evaluated and optimized. The electrochemical treatment process of CV was monitored by the UV-visible spectrometry and the chemical oxygen demand (COD). After only 120 min, in a 0.01mol L−1 NaCl solution with a current density of 50 mA cm−2 and a pH value of 7 containing 10 mg L−1 CV, the CV removal efficiency can reach 100%, the COD removal efficiency is up to 80%. The process can therefore be considered as a suitable process for removing CV from coloured wastewater in the textile industries.

Inhibited Antibiotic-Resistant and Electrochemical Treatment of Pharmaceutical Wastewater

2021 ◽  
pp. 1362-1383
Author(s):  
Isaiah Adesola Oke ◽  
Fehintola Ezekiel Oluwaseun ◽  
Justinah S. Amoko ◽  
Salihu Lukman ◽  
Adekunbi Enoch Adedayo
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Treatment Conditions

The main aim of this chapter is to conduct a simple literature review on treatment wastewaters from pharmaceutical and related industries and establish efficacies of electrochemical treatment technique in removing selected pollutants form raw wastewater. Synthetic (simulated) wastewaters were prepared using standard methods. Fractional factorial (2K - P -1) experiments were utilized at random to determine influence of selected factors (separation distance between the electrodes, volume of the wastewater used, applied current, temperature of the wastewater, treatment time, concentration of the pollutant, concentration calcium of hypochrite (Ca(OCl)2) added and depth of the electrode into the wastewater used) on efficiency of electrochemical process in removing Biochemical Oxygen Demand concentration at five (BOD5). Industrial wastewaters were collected from industrial sources within the country (Nigeria). The industrial wastewaters collected were subjected to electrochemical treatment and chemical treatments individually and in combinations under specified treatment conditions.

scholarly journals The Anaerobic Treatment of Food and Citrus Processing Wastewaters

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Michael Szendrey
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pilot Plant Scale

Anaerobic treatment technology for wastewater has developed rapidly over the last decade. The major driving forces are the low operating costs and the energy benefit derived from the methane generated. Also, increasing Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) surcharges imposed on industrial sewer discharges can often be minimized by anaerobic treatment alone. A variety of new technologies has emerged to treat the various types of wastewater produced. The food and citrus processing industry produce wastewater both low and high in BOD and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) as well as other unique constituents. The advantages and disadvantages of the different types of technologies are discussed, especially as they apply to the types of wastewater produced in the food processing industry. (Operating data from a full scale anaerobic plant treating a fermentation wastewater is presented.) The pilot plant scale study on a citrus wastewater is discussed. Paper published with permission.

scholarly journals Treatment of Tannery Wastewater by Electrocoagulation using Aluminium and Iron Electrodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12572-12580
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Electrode Distance

This Tannery industry is one of oldest industry the effluent is highly complex and characterized by high Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), suspended solids, dissolved solids, total solids, and color. Untreated Tannery wastewater when discharged directly into the water bodies or into open lands cause irreversible damage to environment. Electrocoagulation is one of the most important electrochemical treatment employed for industrial wastewater treatment to treat highly polluted industrial effluents which have high suspended and colloidal materials, BOD, COD in wastewater. Electrocoagulation treatment is used in this study to study the removal efficiency of BOD, COD, Chromium (Cr) Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and the effect of pH of tannery wastewater. The experiments were conducted using aluminum and iron as plane and punched electrodes. When aluminum Plane and punched electrodes were used the optimum removal efficiency for plain electrodes was found to be BOD-89.66%, COD-96.21%, Cr-96.05% and TDS-95.77% for punched electrodes BOD-90.86%, COD-98.62%, Cr-96.94% and TDS96.92% and for iron plane electrodes BOD-87.57%, COD94.77%, Cr-93.42% and TDS-93.08% for iron punched electrodes BOD-89.01%, 96.59%, Cr-94.66% and TDS-95.0% at pH of 9, Voltage 20V, for electrode distance of 1cm and 90 minutes electrolysis duration. The Electrocoagulation treatment has proved to be economical and efficient method for the treatment of tannery wastewater rather than chemical coagulation.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Removal of Ammonium Nitrogen and COD of Domestic Wastewater using Platinum Coated Titanium as an Anode Electrode

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Ghimire ◽  
Min Jang ◽  
Sokhee Jung ◽  
Daeryong Park ◽  
Se Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Electric Voltage ◽  
Anode Electrode ◽  
Titanium Material ◽  
Electrochemical Removal

Biological treatment systems face many challenges in winter to reduce the level of nitrogen due to low temperatures. The present work aimed to study an electrochemical treatment to investigate the effect of applying an electric voltage to wastewater to reduce the ammonium nitrogen and COD (chemical oxygen demand) in domestic wastewater. This was done by using an electrochemical process in which a platinum-coated titanium material was used as an anode and stainless steel was used as a cathode (25 cm2 electrode area/500 mL). Our results indicated that the removal of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+–N) and the lowering of COD was directly proportional to the amount of electric voltage applied between the electrodes. Our seven hour experiment showed that 97.6% of NH4+–N was removed at an electric voltage of 5 V, whereas only 68% was removed with 3 V, 20% with 1.2 V, and 10% with 0.6 V. Similarly, at 5 V, the removal of COD was around 97.5%. Over the seven hours of the experiment, the pH of wastewater increased from pH 7.12 to pH 8.15 when 5 V was applied to the wastewater. Therefore, electric voltage is effective in the oxidation of ammonium nitrogen and the reduction in COD in wastewater.

scholarly journals Optimization of guava juice wastewater electrochemical treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e41910212474
Author(s):  
Gilmar dos Santos ◽  
Joel Marques da Silva ◽  
Javier Alonso Villegas-Aragón ◽  
Silvanio Silvério Lopes da Costa ◽  
Joel Alonso Palomino-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Consumption Rates

Wastewater from guava juice production was treated by two electrochemical processes: Electroflotation (EF) and Electrocoagulation (EC). Using Box-Behnken experimental design, these processes were optimized in order to find the values of treatment time, initial pH and current density that lead to the maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. Aluminum electrodes were used in EC treatment and an iron cathode and a ruthenium dioxide / titanium dioxide anode were applied in EF treatment. EC treatment resulted in maximum COD removal of 60%, when treating the wastewater for 40 minutes, with initial pH 4.5 and current density of 35 A/m2. On the other hand, EF only removed 25% of the wastewater COD (treatment time 40 minutes, initial pH 7.0 and current density 45 A/m2). Aluminum sulfate addition improved the wastewater conductivity, lowering electricity consumption rates. Moreover, the treatment combining EF and this chemical coagulant lead to better results than the ones found when using EF alone.

scholarly journals Efficiency of turbidity and BOD removal from secondarily treated sewage by electrochemical treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Chopra ◽  
Arun Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Study Results

The present investigation observed the effect of operating time, current density, pH and supporting electrolyte on the removal efficiency of Turbidity (TD) and Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of secondarily treated sewage (STS) using electrochemical process. A glass chamber of 2 litre volume was used for the experiment with two electrode plates of aluminum, each having an area of 125 cm2 and 2 cm distance apart from each other. The treatment showed that the removal efficiency of TD and BOD increased to 87.41 and 81.38 % respectively with theincrease of current density (1.82 -7.52 mA/cm2), time (5 - 40 mins.) and different pH (4-8) of the STS. The most effective removal efficiency was observed around the pH 7. Further, 0.5 g/l NaCl as a supporting electrolyte for electrochemical treatment of STS was found to be more efficient for an increase to 95.56 % and 86.99 % for the removal of TD and BOD at 7.52 mA/cm2 current density in 40 mins. respectively. The electrode and energy consumption was found to vary from 2.52 x10-2 to 10.51 x10-2 kg Al/m3 and 2.76 kwh/m3 to 45.12 kWh/m3 depending on the operating conditions.The kinetic study results revealed that reaction rate (k) increased from 0.0174 to 0.03 min-1 for TD and 0.0169 to 0.024 min-1 for BOD with increase in current density from 1.82 to 7.52 mA/cm2.

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