The Development of an Online Tobacco Tracker Tool to Crowdsource Campus Environmental Reports for Smoke and Tobacco Free College Policies: A Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina F. Loureiro ◽  
Kim M. Pulvers ◽  
Melissa M. Gosdin ◽  
Keavagh R. Clift ◽  
Myra J. Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
The United States ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Policy Enforcement ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Online Tracking ◽  
One Year

BACKGROUND College campuses in the United States have begun implementing Smoke and Tobacco-Free policies to discourage the use of tobacco. Smoke and Tobacco-Free policies, however, are contingent upon effective policy enforcement. OBJECTIVE To develop an empirically-derived online tracking tool (Tracker) for crowdsourcing campus environmental reports of tobacco use and waste to support smoke and tobacco-free college policies. METHODS An exploratory sequential mixed methods approach was utilized to inform the development and evaluation of the Tracker. In October 2018, three focus groups across two California universities were conducted and themes were analyzed, guiding Tracker development. After one year of implementation, users were asked in April 2020 to complete a survey about their experience. RESULTS In the focus groups, two major themes emerged: barriers and facilitators to tool utilization. Further Tracker development was guided by focus group input to address these barriers (e.g. information, policing, and logistical concerns) and facilitators (e.g. environmental motivators, positive reinforcement). Amongst 1,163 Tracker reports, those who completed the user survey (n=316) reported the top motivations to using the tool were having a cleaner environment (79%) and health concerns (69%). CONCLUSIONS Environmental concerns, a motivator which emerged in focus groups, shaped the Tracker’s development and was cited by the majority of users surveyed as a top motivator for utilization.

scholarly journals CNA WORK IS BETTER LEARNED HANDS-ON: TRAINING CERTIFIED NURSING ASSISTANTS TO FEED RESIDENTS WITH DEMENTIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S663-S664
Author(s):  
Joy W Douglas ◽  
Seung Eun Jung ◽  
Hyunjin Noh ◽  
Amy Ellis ◽  
Christine Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nursing Assistants ◽  
Certified Nursing Assistants ◽  
Job Experience ◽  
Training Modality ◽  
Hands On ◽  
One Year

Abstract In nursing homes across the United States, Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) provide essential mealtime assistance to residents with dementia who have difficulty feeding themselves. However, dementia-related training content in CNA programs can vary. In this qualitative study, we sought to understand the training provided to CNAs in Alabama, and to identify the ideal training modality for content related to feeding residents with dementia. Nine focus groups were conducted with 53 CNAs. Each participant had at least one year of working experience as a CNA caring for older adults. Focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using the directed content analysis approach. Analyses revealed several key themes related to training CNAs to feed residents with dementia. Across focus groups, CNAs agreed that they needed additional training about feeding residents with dementia. They unanimously agreed that the best person to provide such training should be an experienced CNA, not a nurse or other healthcare provider. In terms of delivery, they preferred hands-on training and role playing. CNAs also emphasized that while some learning takes place in a didactic setting, the most valuable learning moments involve on-the-job experience in feeding residents, where they are mentored by seasoned CNAs. Findings from this study revealed the need for providing CNAs training on feeding residents with dementia. CNA training programs that includes hands-on activities mentored by seasoned CNAs could increase CNAs’ ability to provide optimal meal assistance to nursing home residents with dementia.

A Sequential Mixed-Methods Study of Pre-Professionals’ Understanding of the Undergraduate Music Therapy Internship

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-239
Author(s):  
Amy Clements-Cortes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Role Clarity ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Personal Skills

Abstract Despite the importance of the clinical music therapy internship, little research has been conducted to understand the perspectives, perceived musical, clinical, and personal skills, concerns, challenges, and anxieties of pre-professionals prior to and upon completion of the internship. This sequential mixed-methods study aimed to assess the perspectives and experiences of undergraduate students in the United States at two stages in the internship in music therapy practice. In total, 177 pre-professionals from the United States participated in this two-part study: (1) an online survey and (2) individual interviews with 25% (n = 44) of the participants. Survey results indicate statistically significant increases in clinical, musical, and personal skill development from pre- to post-internship. Six broad categories emerged from the interviews: confidence, anxiety, role clarity, professional suitability, loneliness, and boundaries/ethics. The results are encouraging, showing that the internship is a valued clinical experience that fosters improvement in the clinical, musical, and personal skills needed to work as a music therapist. This paper concludes with recommendations and suggestions for educators and supervisors on preparing and supporting pre-professionals in their skill development prior to and during internship.

scholarly journals Yes, (most) men know what rape is: A mixed-methods investigation into college men’s definitions of rape

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn Amanda Siegel ◽  
RaeAnn Elizabeth Anderson ◽  
Kristin E. Silver ◽  
Tara L. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
The United States ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Consensual Qualitative Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Violence Perpetration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tests Of Independence

Sexual violence, including rape, is a pervasive problem on college campuses in the United States. Although men perpetrate the majority of sexual violence, men’s attitudes, experiences, and perspec-tives are not typically included in research on rape and sexual violence. We addressed this empirical gap through our mixed-methods analysis of 365 young men’s definitions of the term “rape.” Our analysis via consensual qualitative research revealed that men’s definitions fit into nine primary do-mains: lack of consent, taken advantage of, sex, sexual activity, unwanted, gender/sex-specific, harm to victim, relationship, and emotional response, as well as a miscellaneous domain. Further, using chi square tests of independence, we compared responses from men with and without a history of sexual violence perpetration. Findings showed that the definitions generated by men with a history of perpetration were less likely to include non-penetrative sexual violence and were more likely to use gender/sex-specific language in their definitions of rape. We conclude that most young men have a generally accurate understanding of rape, though perpetrators’ understandings may be somewhat narrower and more limited than those without a history of perpetration. We end with recommendations for refocusing sexual education curricula to better aid in the prevention of sexual violence perpetration. Specifically, given that (most) men know what rape is, educators should emphasize the cultural and situational factors that make rape more likely so all people can reduce the risk of sexual violence and take proactive precautions to prevent it.

scholarly journals DICK, Kirby and ZIERING, Amy. 2016. The Hunting Ground. The inside story of sexual assault on American college campuses. México: Hot Books, 188 pp.

2018 ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Ana Vidu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
The United States ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
The Public ◽  
Academy Award ◽  
One Year ◽  
Hunting Ground ◽  
The Invisible

<p>The Hunting Ground started to initially be a documentary released in 2015 daring to present on the big screen, the sexual violence on the United States college campuses. The filmmakers Kirby Dick and Amy Ziering were the Academy Award winners of the film “The Invisible war”, which tackles the sexual violence happening in the army context. While they were running along the United States college campuses screening “The Invisible War” and discussing about the silence perpetuated into the army, students were raising their hands from the public, claiming the gender violence also exits within the academy. According to its producers, The Hunting Ground is the consequence of directly interviewing around 70 people on camera and more than 200 in off-camera dialogues. One year after its first release, the documentary’s impact was uncountable. The visionary of this documentary at each university, contributed to trigger discussion about the issue of sexual harassment, started activism among its community and initiating change.</p><p><strong>Published online</strong>: 11 December 2018</p>

scholarly journals An Intersectional Mixed Methods Approach to Understand American Indian Men’s Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. e66-e89
Author(s):  
Ka`imi Sinclair ◽  
Kelly Gonzales ◽  
Claire Woosley ◽  
Tish Rivera-Cree ◽  
Dedra Buchwald
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
Indian Men ◽  
Distress Scale

This study used a parallel, convergent, mixed-methods design with TribalCrit theory and intersectionality as analytical frameworks to identify how the identities of American Indian men intersect with broader structures and systems in shaping their eating and physical activity choices and behaviors, and in eliciting recommendations for a men’s lifestyle intervention. American Indian men were recruited in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Portland, Oregon, between March and December 2017, and in Phoenix, Arizona, in December 2019 to participate in a survey and focus groups. The survey included questions on demographics and physical and cultural activities men engage in, perceived social support for lifestyle behaviors, masculine characteristics, and values important to American Indian men. The six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale was used to assess psychological distress. Focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed for a phenomenological analysis. Descriptive statistics and correlations were computed for survey data. We conducted 15 focus groups with 151 adult American Indian men in three urban sites. The mean age of participants ranged from 36 to 51 across the sites; 7–32% were college graduates; 13–22% were currently married, and 28–41% were working full time. The most important values reported by participants were being strong mentally and emotionally, a good parent, responsible, spiritual, and a good spouse or partner. On the K6 psychological distress scale, 63–70% scored ≥5 but <13 (moderate mental distress), and 8–15% scored ≥13, indicating severe mental distress. Younger age was significantly correlated with higher mean K6 score (P < 0.0001). Settler colonialism that took root in the United States imposed cultural and gender hegemony, which in turn enforced a patriarchal capitalist system that has had long-lasting and deleterious effects on American Indians, particularly American Indian men.

Towards an interdisciplinary knowledge exchange model

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago DE FRANCISCO ◽  
Diego MAZO
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Common Situation

Universities and corporates, in Europe and the United States, have come to a win-win relationship to accomplish goals that serve research and industry. However, this is not a common situation in Latin America. Knowledge exchange and the co-creation of new projects by applying academic research to solve company problems does not happen naturally.To bridge this gap, the Design School of Universidad de los Andes, together with Avianca, are exploring new formats to understand the knowledge transfer impact in an open innovation network aiming to create fluid channels between different stakeholders. The primary goal was to help Avianca to strengthen their innovation department by apply design methodologies. First, allowing design students to proposed novel solutions for the traveller experience. Then, engaging Avianca employees to learn the design process. These explorations gave the opportunity to the university to apply design research and academic findings in a professional and commercial environment.After one year of collaboration and ten prototypes tested at the airport, we can say that Avianca’s innovation mindset has evolved by implementing a user-centric perspective in the customer experience touch points, building prototypes and quickly iterate. Furthermore, this partnership helped Avianca’s employees to experience a design environment in which they were actively interacting in the innovation process.

Science, Politics, and the Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (820) ◽  
pp. 303-309
Author(s):  
J. Nicholas Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Advice ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Scientific Expertise ◽  
The Uk

Comparing the virus responses in Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States shows that in order for scientific expertise to result in effective policy, rational political leadership is required. Each of these three countries is known for advanced biomedical research, yet their experiences in the COVID-19 pandemic diverged widely. Germany’s political leadership carefully followed scientific advice and organized public–private partnerships to scale up testing, resulting in relatively low infection levels. The UK and US political responses were far more erratic and less informed by scientific advice—and proved much less effective.

From Scarcity to Abundance: Achieving Quality-Assured Mass Higher Education

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Secondary System ◽  
Mass Higher Education ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

The United States is in a bind. On the one hand, we need millions of additional citizens with at least one year of successful post-secondary experience to adapt to the knowledge economy. Both the Gates and Lumina Foundations, and our President, have championed this goal in different ways. On the other hand, we have a post-secondary system that is trapped between rising costs and stagnant effectiveness, seemingly unable to respond effectively to this challenge. This paper analyzes several aspects of this problem, describes changes in the society that create the basis for solutions, and offers several examples from Kaplan University of emerging practice that suggests what good practice might look like in a world where quality-assured mass higher education is the norm.

Millennial Missionaries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Dugan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
The United States ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Gender Essentialism ◽  
Craft Beer ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
Religious Piety ◽  
Religious Landscape

This book is an ethnography of millennial-generation Catholic missionaries. The Fellowship of Catholic University Students (FOCUS) began hiring young adults to evangelize students on college campuses in 1998. Since then, FOCUS missionaries have developed a style of Catholic evangelization that navigates between strict and savvy interpretations of Catholic teaching in contemporary US youth culture. The Catholicism that FOCUS missionaries embrace and promote grew up with them and amid their middle-class American norms—missionaries own iPhones, drink craft beer, and create March Madness brackets. Born in the 1990s, millennial missionaries in their skinny jeans and devotional tattoos, large-framed glasses and scapulars embody an attractive style of Catholicism. They love saints and have memorized the “Tantum Ergo,” are fluent in college-student slang, but reject hook-up culture in favor of gender essentialism dictated by papal teachings. Missionaries rely on their social capital to make Catholicism cool. Many of their peers have been characterized as defectors from religious institutions. Yet, underneath the rise of “nones” is a story of increased religious piety. This book studies religion in the United States from the perspective of proud Catholic millennials. As they navigate their Catholic and US identities, these missionaries propose Catholicism as uniquely able to overcome perceived threats of secularism, relativism, and modernity. How, why, and with what implications is this Catholicism enacted? These questions, which point to power struggles between US culture and religious identity, drive this book. Through their prayers and evangelization efforts, missionaries are reshaping Catholic identity and shifting the religious landscape of the United States.

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