scholarly journals CHANGING APPROACHES TO INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Ngo Thi Puong Lan
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Present Context ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Static Body

Prevailing views on indigenous knowledge (IK) rely on a binary contrast between indigenous knowledge and scientific knowledge (SK), where the former is either dismissed as backward or judged superior in terms of its sustainability. I assert instead that we must examine the specific conditions under which people invoke indigenous and/or scientific forms of knowledge. Based on an ethnographic study of the IK of two Mon-Khmer speaking ethnic minority populations, the Xtiêng and the Mạ, in Binh Phuoc province of Vietnam, conducted in 2012 and 2013, this paper re-examines the definition of IK, exploring the relationship between IK and scientific knowledge (SK), and analyzing the changing nature of IK in the present context. In so doing, I suggest that IK is not a static body of knowledge but depends substantively on socio-economic conditions. In local people’s daily lives, they both use IK and SK as resources for navigating their changing life-worlds.

Institutional Ethnography and Exploring the Social

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-140
Author(s):  
Amal Adel Abdrabo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Institutional Ethnography ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Egyptian Government ◽  
Global Agenda ◽  
Developmental Policies ◽  
The Relationship

There is a new trend taking place in Egypt over the last decades that is attempting to establish a new culture of development arguing for a knowledge-based development of Egyptian society. Consequently, Egyptian society has begun to witness the emergence of different policies, national strategies, and mega development projects that try to translate these policies into reality. But the question that remains is what type of knowledge, and in which context, should be developed? In this vein, this research serves two purposes. First, it contests the notion of knowledge while using a new method of inquiry that creates an opening for an alternative-more-humanized sociology that opposes the dominant sociological perspective that studies people as quantitative objects. The research uses institutional ethnography to provide new-actor-related insights and interpretations while exploring the social momentum within Egyptian society. Second, the research seeks to investigate the relationship between the desire to transform Egypt into a knowledge-based society through the knowledge precincts projects, following the global agenda, and the creation of a political, social, and cultural environment that allows knowledge to thrive, leading to more social justice and equity. In the end, the research asks: What is the definition of ‘knowledge' provided by the Egyptian government through its different developmental policies? How does it function inside the knowledge precincts projects? It also asks: Does Egypt's commitment to large scale programs through knowledge precincts reveal an authoritarian inclination?

scholarly journals Science and Knowledge

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (02) ◽  
pp. 321-335
Author(s):  
Roger Chartier
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Revolution ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Western Science ◽  
Traditional Definition ◽  
Histoire Des Sciences ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Clear Line

This review article poses three questions, essentially based on the first two volumes of Histoire des sciences et des savoirs, a collective undertaking edited by Dominique Pestre. First, it considers the relationships between “science” and “knowledge.” Can a clear line be drawn between them? Or should “scientific” knowledge (with or without quotation marks) be considered a particular class of knowledge? And, if this is the case, must we define it according to a certain number of specific operations? Second, the article turns to the acceptance, criticism, or rejection of the traditional definition of the “scientific revolution,” dated to the seventeenth century and characterized by the mathematization of nature and the introduction of experimental practices. Should this be replaced by other perspectives, highlighting previous reconfigurations of fields of knowledge or the plurality of “revolutions”? Finally, the article considers the attention paid to connected histories of knowledge, which move away from Eurocentricism and introduce new actors. Recognizing these circulations does not however efface the asymmetry of exchanges, the stigmatization of indigenous knowledge, or the imperialistic imposition of Western science.

scholarly journals ’n Verkenning van die verhouding tussen wetenskap en inheemse kennis: Moontlikhede vir integrasie in Suid-Afrikaanse Lewenswetenskappeklaskamers

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Le Grange
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Sociology Of Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

The article is a theoretical exploration of the relationship between science and indigenous knowledge, as well as the implications for integrating the two in Life Sciences classrooms in schools. The theoretical discussion draws on insights from the sociology of scientific knowledge and argues that science should not only be viewed as representation but also as performance. Such a view, it is argued, serves as the basis for integrating indigenous knowledge into the Life Sciences. Practical suggestions are made as to how indigenous knowledge could be infused into Life Sciences classrooms and how teachers can scaffold learners through different types or stages of what Jegede calls, ‘collateral learning’.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PENDIDIKAN DAN HUKUM DALAM MENSEJAHTERAKAN MANUSIA

EKSPOSE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Abdul Kallang
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Educational Situation ◽  
Present Context ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Education And Law

This paper discusses the relationship between education and law in the welfare of humans. So, the discussion is related to the educational situation that should be applied as well as the law that is appropriately enforced, not only many rules, but the rules are not enforced. All teachers must understand and understand that the concept or method of education is very different now. The point is we must understand, practice with the present context. Likewise, the law must be applied in the context of the present. In everyday life, humans must walk, not stop, turn to the left and to the right, sometimes backward, but must continue to advance in achieving what he wants by paying attention to the situation around one of them is to pay attention to those related to education and law. Both epistemologically, axiologically and ontologically. what I mean here is what is the definition of education and also law? What is the basis of the importance of education and law? And c. What is the relationship between education and law in the welfare of humans.

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF KNOWLEDGE IN ISLAM AND ITS ROLE IN MUSLIM CIVILIZATION

Adam alemi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
K. Kurmanbayev ◽  
◽  
D. Sikhimbayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Historical Periods

The article examines the original meaning, the transformation of the concept of education in Islam and its role in the development of science and education in the Muslim civilization. Any concept or term undergoes semantic changes depending on ideological, cultural, social and other conditions in different historical periods. This applies both to the concept of education in Islam and its place in civilization. The concept of knowledge in the tribal Arab culture with limited literacy acquires a new meaning with the advent of Islam, makes a huge contribution to the theoretical definition of the systemic concept of religious and secular education and the development of scientific knowledge. Based on fundamental works on the history of education and science, the role of the concept of education in the development of the Islamic religion and Muslim civilization is evaluated. The main historical factors of accumulation, systematization and development of knowledge in the Muslim civilization are also analyzed. In particular, the ancient Greek, Indian and Persian cultures were included in the Muslim civilization, which contributed to its intellectual enrichment. The prerequisites for the increasing development of education and science in the era of the "golden age" in Islam are analyzed, the place of ancient Greek science in the Muslim civilization, which is the core of modern scientific knowledge, is assessed.

scholarly journals ON AN INFORMATION APPROACH TO SOIL CLASSIFICATION

2012 ◽  
pp. 4-24
Author(s):  
V. A. Rozhkov
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Information Approach ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Functional Scheme ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Under discussion are concepts of a new universal scientific discipline - informaciology, its principles, methods and approaches to elaborating the soil classifications. A formalized definition of the classification concept is given as a knowledge-based one in information systems. From viewpoint of classiology the concept of classification is of two kinds by nature being subdivided into taxonomy and meronomy. Taxonomy assumes the relationship between any classification object and a lot formed by it, whereas meronomy - the relationship of the total object to its parts. Accordingly relationships of equivalence in taxonomy and tolerance in meronomy are used. A structural-functional scheme of the system is presented to realize an information approach to soil classification.

scholarly journals Psicopatología e Identidad: Extrañamiento y estigma de personas diagnosticadas con trastornos mentales / Psychopathology and Identity: Stigma in people diagnosed with mental disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Huerta Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Printed Media ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTScience in electronic and printed media allows the dissemination of knowledge among the various sectors of society, making scientific knowledge a stock of social knowledge. This stock of social knowledge can act as a typification or "recipe" for everyday life, and in the case of psychiatric and psychological knowledge, diagnoses of "mental illness" (psychopathology) can serve as a prescription both for behavior and for the definition of identity. Exploring the relationship between knowledge about mental disorders and the construction of identities highlights processes of social estrangement, stigmatization and negative definition of identity.RESUMENLa divulgación de la ciencia en medios electrónicos e impresos permite que el conocimiento se difunda con mayor alcance entre los diversos sectores de la sociedad, haciendo del conocimiento científico un acervo del conocimiento social. Este acervo puede funcionar como tipificación o “receta” para la vida cotidiana, y en el caso del conocimiento psiquiátrico y psicológico, los diagnósticos de “enfermedades mentales” (psicopatología), puede servir como prescripción tanto para el comportamiento como para la definición de la propia identidad. Explorar la relación entre el conocimiento sobre los trastornos mentales y la construcción de las identidades pone de relieve procesos de extrañamiento social, estigmatización y definición negativa de la identidad.

Scientific Knowledge Engineering: a conceptual delineation and overview of the state of the art

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio M. Dos Santos ◽  
Guilherme H. Travassos
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Body ◽  
Knowledge Representations ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Computational Discovery ◽  
High Level

AbstractAs a community work, scientific contributions are usually built incrementally, involving some transformation, expansion or refutation of existing conceptual and propositional networks. As the body of knowledge increases, scientists concentrate more effort on ensuring that new hypotheses and observations are needed and consistent with previous findings. In this paper, we will characterize Knowledge Engineering as an important groundwork for structuring scientific knowledge. We argue that knowledge-based computational infrastructures can support researchers in organizing and making explicit the main aspects needed to make inferences or extract conclusions from an existing body of knowledge. This view is also comparatively built, contrasting it with alternatives for manipulating scientific knowledge, namely data-intensive approaches and the computational discovery of scientific knowledge. The current state of the art is presented with 22 knowledge representations and computational infrastructure implementations, with their main relevant properties analyzed and compared. Based on this review and on the theoretical foundations of Knowledge Engineering, a high level step-by-step approach for specifying and constructing scientific computational environments is described. The paper concludes by indicating paths for further development of the view initiated here, especially related to the technical specificities that originates from applying Knowledge Engineering to scientific knowledge.

Inequality in the Promised Land

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sharif Uddin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Minority Students ◽  
Doctoral Dissertation ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Suburban Area ◽  
Midwestern United States ◽  
Minority Community ◽  
Promised Land ◽  
Land Race ◽  
The Relationship

Inequality in the promised land: Race, resources, and suburban schooling is a well-written book by L’ Heureux Lewis-McCoy. The book is based on Lewis-McCoy’s doctoral dissertation, that included an ethnographic study in a suburban area named Rolling Acres in the Midwestern United States. Lewis-McCoy studied the relationship between families and those families’ relationships with schools. Through this study, the author explored how invisible inequality and racism in an affluent suburban area became the barrier for racial and economically minority students to grow up academically. Lewis-McCoy also discovered the hope of the minority community for raising their children for a better future.

Every Detail Counts: Robert Stoller, Perversion and the Production of Pornography

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Escoffier
Keyword(s):  
Film Industry ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Sexuality And Gender ◽  
Pornographic Film ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Do So

After the publication of his pioneering book Sexual Excitement in 1979, Robert Stoller devoted the last 12 years of his life to the study of the pornographic film industry. To do so, he conducted an ethnographic study of people working in the industry in order to find out how it produced ‘perverse fantasies’ that successfully communicated sexual excitement to other people. In the course of his investigation he observed and interviewed those involved in the making of pornographic films. He hypothesized that the ‘scenarios’ developed and performed by people in the porn industry were based on their own perverse fantasies and their frustrations, injuries and conflicts over sexuality and gender; and that the porn industry had developed a systematic method and accumulated a sophisticated body of knowledge about the production of sexual excitement. This paper explores Stoller's theses and shows how they fared in his investigation.

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