scholarly journals EUCALYPTUS ESSENTIAL OIL; AN OFF-LABEL USE TO PROTECT THE WORLD FROM COVID-19 PANDEMIC: REVIEW-BASED HYPOTHESES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem Sameir Abbass
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Off Label Use ◽  
Off Label ◽  
The World ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Eucalyptus Essential Oil ◽  
Label Use

Objective: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 causes both health and economic crises and up till now no drug or vaccine has yet been approved. There is an increased demand to explore other complementary methods to protect the world. Eucalyptus essential oil; a popular off-label drug used to relieve nasal congestion via inhalation with promising effects on the upper respiratory diseases including viral infections. Methods: In order to provide review-based hypotheses demonstrating eucalyptus essential oil beneficial role; several published studies were retrieved from different databases and websites till June 2020. The retrieved data declared the antiviral potentials against viruses of same subgenus or with same pattern and the beneficial effects on respiratory system, immunity and overall health improvement, along with declaring the application methods and safety. Results: Off-label use of Eucalyptus essential oil by inhaling 12drops /150mL or 1.5% v/v solution boiling water may relief COVID-19 mild and moderate symptoms as pain, cough, respiratory inflammation, cytokine storm and dyspnea. Conclusions: Experimental and clinical data proved that inhalation of eucalyptus essential oil may provide the ability to reduce COVID-19 patients symptoms and morbidity risk factors and may play a role as a preventative technique complementary to WHO guidance for beating COVID-19 virulence and transmission spread. Peer Review History: Received 28 June 2020; Revised 20 July; Accepted 10 August, Available online 15 September 2020 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Name: Dr. Dalia Kamal Zaffar Ali Affiliation: Modern University for technology and information, Egypt E-mail: [email protected]   Name: Prof. Dr. Mahadeva Rao US Affiliation: Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia E-mail: [email protected]   Name: Francesco Ferrara Affiliation: USL Umbria 1, Perugia, Italy E-mail: [email protected]   Comments of reviewer(s): Similar Articles:  THE RISKS AND ADVANTAGES OF ANTI-DIABETES THERAPY IN THE POSITIVE COVID-19 PATIENT

Off-label use of bevacizumab in the treatment of retinal disease: ethical implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 668-672
Author(s):  
Landon James Rohowetz
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Off Label Use ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
The World ◽  
Label Use

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy has revolutionised the treatment of a variety of ophthalmic conditions and has become the first-line therapy for a range of retinal diseases. Bevacizumab, a VEGF inhibitor first approved for the treatment of colorectal cancer, has been shown to be nearly or virtually as effective and safe as other anti-VEGF therapies in the treatment of certain retinal diseases but is not approved or registered by the Food and Drug Administration or European Medicines Agency. While other anti-VEGF options are approved and registered, they are generally more expensive and less accessible. Accordingly, despite its off-label status, bevacizumab is frequently used for a variety of disabling retinal diseases. Indeed, bevacizumab is included on the World Health Organization’s list of essential medicines. However, its use in some parts of the world remains restricted due to its off-label status. How, then, should healthcare authorities approach this situation? What are the ethical and societal implications of adhering to a standard and generally effective evaluation and approval system while restricting access to a potentially cost-saving therapy? In countries where its use is not restricted, how should providers approach off-label treatment with bevacizumab? By examining the evidence behind bevacizumab’s efficacy and safety and evaluating the individual and societal implications of off-label use and restriction, this paper illustrates the ethical factors providers and policy makers must consider in the off-label use of bevacizumab and ultimately argues for increased access to bevacizumab in the treatment of retinal disease.

scholarly journals The Rise and Fall of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 089719002199739
Author(s):  
Rana Aljadeed
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
World Health ◽  
Off Label Use ◽  
Off Label ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Label Use

On March 11th, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the unprecedented outbreak of “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV-2) to be a pandemic. Thus far, COVID-19 has infected over 58,229,138 individuals and caused 1,382,106 deaths worldwide. This has led to the re-purposing of available drugs under “off-label” use—drugs such as hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine. Both drugs have since been evaluated for their ability to treat COVID-19. Here, we summarize recent evidence regarding the use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. All data is current as of November 23, 2020.

Indikationsfremde Anwendung von Medikamenten und Medizinprodukten in der Notfallmedizin

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 361-371
Author(s):  
Karl Peter Ittner ◽  
Joachim Koppenberg ◽  
Ute Walter
Keyword(s):  
Off Label Use ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Label Use

ZusammenfassungWenn zugelassene Arzneimittel außerhalb der in der entsprechenden Fachinformation dargelegten Beschreibungen angewendet werden, dann spricht man von einer nicht zulassungskonformen Anwendung oder von einem Off-Label-Use. Wie in fast allen medizinischen Fachgebieten gibt es auch im Rettungsdienst sogenannte Off-Label-Use-Pharmakotherapien. Sofern evidenzbasierte Informationen zu einer nicht zulassungskonformen Anwendung vorliegen, und insbesondere im konkreten Notfall keine zulassungskonforme Möglichkeit besteht, dann ist diese gerechtfertigt. Verwendet ein Notarzt aber ein Medizinprodukt außerhalb der Zulassung, dann stellt er ein neues Produkt her und haftet persönlich bei einem Patientenschaden.

Botulinumtoxin in der Urologie

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (09) ◽  
pp. 551-555
Author(s):  
W. N. Vance ◽  
J. Wissel
Keyword(s):  
Off Label Use ◽  
Botulinumtoxin A ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Label Use

ZusammenfassungAlle Indikationen zur Anwendung von Botulinumtoxin A (BoNT A) in der Urologie befinden sich im Status des sogenannten off label use, entsprechend sind Kernfragen wie z. B. die Kostenübernahme nicht geklärt. Erst 20 Jahre nach der ersten Anwendung in der Urologie werden Zulassungsstudien durchgeführt. Andererseits sind insbesondere die Behandlungsmöglichkeiten im Bereich der neurogenen Harnblase so etabliert, dass sie bereits in die urologischen Leitlinien Einzug gefunden haben. Hinsichtlich der Dosierung von BoNT A und der optimalen Anwendungstechnik bestehen weder allgemein anerkannte Handlungsanweisungen noch offizielle Empfehlungen. Dies gilt auch im Bereich der Anästhesie zur Injektion von BoNT A im urologischen Gebiet. Nicht wenige Patienten schrecken davor zurück, sich regelmäßig, zum Teil jährlich, einer Allgemeinanästhesie zu unterziehen. Ein besonderer Hoffnungsschimmer stellt für multimorbide Patienten mit hohem OP-Risiko die sich entwickelnde Behandlung der Prostatahyperplasie mittels BoNT A dar, insbesondere da in allen Studien die Lokalanästhesie angewandt wurde und nur wenige Nebenwirkungen auftraten.

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