scholarly journals Sex and Age Differences in the Personal Orientation of User Activity in the Russian Social Network “VKontakte”

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-649
Author(s):  
Dmitrii S. Kornienko ◽  
Fedor V. Derish ◽  
Elena Yu. Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
The Social ◽  
User Activity ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Personal Orientation ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

The role of factors of individual differences in user activity in the Russian social network VKontakte is analyzed. At the moment, in Russian psychology, there are several directions for the study of user activity in social networks. However, none of them has considered user sex and age differences. There are also limitations due to the predominance of subjective indicators in assessing user activity. The aim of this work is to study sex and age differences through the analysis of objective data on the profiles of social network users. The paper also provides an overview of modern Russian studies on sex and age differences in user activity. Using a comparative analysis of groups and analysis of the structure of relationships between indicators of user activity, the 9699 profiles of users of the social network VKontakte at the ages from 18 to 55 were examined. As a result, multiple individual differences were found in relation to the sex and age of the users. Additionally, the structure of user activity was obtained, consisting of two components: Self-presentation and Utilitarianism. These components characterize the personal orientation in the use of the social network. Sex and age play a significant role as factors of individual differences. The most important thing has turned out to be that men are more focused on expanding the circle of acquaintances, which is an attribute of status. Women, on the contrary, are generally characterized by greater activity in the social network, a greater desire to present themselves and a greater focus on other people. Young people - aged 18-25 years - are less active users, they often use the social network as a source of video content. Users belonging to the older age groups differ slightly from one another.

Abstract P166: Sex And Age Differences In Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Tolerability

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Khaddage ◽  
Julie Patterson ◽  
Dave L Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Patient Perceptions ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

Background: Recent guidelines endorse the use of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for out-of-office BP measurement and HTN management. Past literature has described patient perceptions of ABPM tolerability but differences between sex and age have not previously been determined. The objective of this study was to evaluate sex and age differences in such patient perceptions. Methods: This was a prospective, single-arm trial (NCT03920956) of a community pharmacy-driven ABPM service that enrolled 52 patients at least 18 years of age who were suspected of having white coat, masked, or sustained HTN, have symptoms of hypotension, or require confirmation of an initial diagnosis of HTN. We evaluated the tolerability of the ABPM device (Oscar 2; SunTech Medical, Morrisville, NC) as a secondary outcome with a previously published 8-question survey using a 0-10 scale (0=not at all, 5=somewhat, 10=extremely). The responses were dichotomized as either favorable (0-4) or unfavorable (5-10) with reverse coding for positively-worded questions. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square analyses were used to describe sex and age differences. Results: A total of 50 surveys (96%) were completed and returned. Respondents were 50% female (n=25) with a mean (SD) age of 57.5 (15.8), and 58% (n=29) were at least 55 years of age. Female respondents were more likely to find the monitor cumbersome to wear at times other than at home, work, or driving (16/21, 76.2% vs. 10/25, 40%, p = 0.014). Although nonsignificant, male respondents were more likely to find the monitor embarrassing to wear (7/25, 28.0% vs. 2/24, 8.3%, p = 0.076). In comparisons of tolerability by age, subjects less than 55 years of age were more likely to report being disturbed by the pump during driving (8/21, 38.1% vs. 1/24, 4.2%, p = 0.005), at other times (7/20, 35.0% vs. 2/24, 8.3%, p = 0.029), and found the monitor embarrassing to wear (7/21, 33.3% vs. 2/28, 7.1%, p = 0.019). Conclusions: Previous studies suggest that ABPM is generally well-tolerated by patients but may cause some discomfort or disturbed sleep. Differences in tolerability appear to become more evident across age groups and sex. These data suggest select patients may require additional counseling and education to ensure adherence to ABPM.

scholarly journals Age sequences of the elderly’ social network and its efficacies on well-being: an urban-rural comparison in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Zheng ◽  
Hong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Urban Elderly ◽  
Family Network ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract Background Although social network is a known determinant of the elderly’s well-being, it is not clear, in urban-rural and age-comparison, what its structural characteristics are and how it works for well-being. The research aims to discuss the features of the elderly’s social network and the social network efficacies on the well-being of older adults in China’s urban and rural areas as well as revealing the urban-rural disparities among the elderly of different age groups. Methods In this study, descriptive statistical analysis and structural equation Modeling (SEM) were used to make a group comparison between the urban and rural elderly of different age groups. All data are quoted from 2014 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS). The survey adopted the multi-stage probability sampling method, targeting Chinese senior citizens aged 60 and above, the ultimate samples totaled 11,511. Results The social network of the elderly in China feature a “reverse structure” in age sequences: with ageing, family network of the elderly expand while their friend network shrink; also, the expansion scale of the rural elderly’s family network is significantly larger than that of the city’s while the shrinkage scale of their friend network is smaller compared with its urban counterpart. The effect of family network on the rural elderly’s well-being shows a remarkable increase with age. However, there is no noticeable change in urban elderly groups of different ages. Conclusion The social network characteristics of the Chinese elderly are different between different age stages. Namely, the family network and the friend network have the “reverse structure “ in age sequences. Meanwhile, the family network and the friend network have different efficacies on the well-being of the elderly in China, and the differences between urban and rural areas are even more obvious. For rural elderly, family network has very important effects on their well-being. Moreover, With the increase of age, family network’s efficacies increase gradually. For urban elderly, comparatively, family network is just as important as friend network.

Do Older Adults Have Social Lifestyles That Place Fewer Demands on Hearing?

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 697-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsiang Wu ◽  
Ruth A. Bentler
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Index Score ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
The Social

Background: Listening demand, or auditory lifestyle, is an important factor that needs to be considered when selecting a hearing aid and specific amplification features. Although elderly adults often report having fewer listening demands, auditory lifestyles of people in different age groups have not been objectively quantified and compared. Although it is assumed that the social lifestyles of older adults, e.g., retirement, place fewer demands on hearing, this assumption has not been examined empirically. Purpose: The purposes of the current study were to (1) objectively characterize and compare the auditory lifestyle of younger and older adults with hearing impairment and (2) examine the relationships between age, social lifestyle, and auditory lifestyle. Research Design: This is a nonexperimental study using a correlational design. Study Sample: Twenty-seven adults with bilateral hearing impairment aged 40–88 yr were recruited and served as subjects. Data Collection and Analysis: To objectively quantify auditory lifestyle, participants carried noise dosimeters to measure sound levels in their daily lives for 1 wk. To help interpret the dosimeter data, participants used paper-and-pencil journals to describe their listening activities and environments. The auditory lifestyle was also subjectively quantified by the Auditory Lifestyle and Demand Questionnaire (ALDQ). Three self-report inventories were used to characterize participants' social lifestyles: Social Network Index, Welin Activity Scale, and Social Convoy Questionnaire. Results: A total of 1,267 journal entries covering 2,032 hr of dosimeter recordings were obtained from participants for analyses. Although younger and older participants reported spending comparable time in a given category of listening event, the dosimeter-measured sound level was higher for younger listeners. For auditory lifestyle quantified by dosimeter, correlation analyses revealed that older age was associated with lower Social Network Index scores (smaller social networks) and fewer listening demands. Regression models further indicated that the Social Network Index score more accurately predicted listening demand than age. Finally, path analysis suggested that the effect of age on listening demand was mediated by the Social Network Index score. Self-report auditory lifestyle measured by the ALDQ was not associated with age and social lifestyle. Conclusions: The results indicate that older listeners tend to encounter quieter listening situations than younger listeners. The data are also consistent with the hypothesis that older adults have less active social lifestyles that place fewer demands on hearing. Therefore, the current study suggests the important role of social lifestyle in listening demand and the need to consider this factor in clinical management of hearing loss.

scholarly journals Support to women who denounce experiences of violence based on her social network

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 865-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Becker Vieira ◽  
Ivis Emília de Oliveira Souza ◽  
Florence Romijn Tocantins ◽  
Florentina Pina-Roche
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Relational Context ◽  
Health Network ◽  
Secondary Network ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Moment

Objective: to analyze the possibilities of help/support through the mapping and acknowledgement of the social network of women who denounce experiences of violence at a Police Precinct for Women.Method: qualitative study based on the theoretical-methodological framework of Lia Sanicola's Social Network, through interviews with 19 women.Results: the analysis of the network maps evidenced that the primary social network was more present than the secondary on and, despite consisting of significant relations, it demonstrates limitations. The women access the secondary network occasionally in the violence problem and/or its repercussions in their life and health. The discrete presence of the health network in the composition of the social network was revealed and, when mentioned, the relation between the health professional and the woman was characterized as fragile.Conclusion: the importance of the social network relates to the creation of spaces of help/support for the women beyond the moment of the aggression, which accompany them throughout their process of emancipation from an experience annulled by violence, considering that each woman acts and makes decisions in the relational context when she is ready for it.

scholarly journals THE CONSTRUCTION OF A PERSONAL BRAND AS PART OF PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY FASHION- AND BEAUTY BLOGGERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Лариса Сергеевна Бурлаченко
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Brand Marks ◽  
Personal Brand ◽  
The Social

Рассматриваются понятия личного бренда, профессиональной идентичности, самоконструирования и трансляции образа себя в социальной сети. Проведён сравнительный анализ самопрезентации и построения блогерами личного бренда за рубежом и в России. Использован метод контент-анализа самопрезентации личного бренда бьюти- и фэшн-блогеров социальной сети Instagrаm, методологическая основа теории интеракционизма И. Гоффмана [2]. Было выявлено: для конструирования и укрепления образа «я» в представление «других» блогеры используют визуальные средства (фото/видео), а для расширения социальных взаимодействий блогеры используют технические возможности: Instagram-хэштеги, отметки пользователей и брендов. Исследование направлено на изучение личного бренда, профессиональной идентичности блогеров как новой профессиональной группы современного общества, а также позволяет сравнить способы самопрезентации личных брендов зарубежных и российских блогеров. The article discusses the concepts of personal brand, professional identity, self-construction and translation of self-image in a social network. The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of self-presentation and the creation by bloggers of a personal brand abroad and in Russia. The method of content analysis of self-presentation of the personal brand of beauty and fashion bloggers of the social network Instagram was used, the methodological basis of I. Hoffman's theory of interactionism [2]. As a result, it was revealed that bloggers use visual means (photos / videos) to design and strengthen the image of «I» in the representation of «others», and to expand social interactions, they use the technical capabilities of Instagram - hashtags, user and brand marks. This study fills the gaps in the study of personal brand, professional identity of bloggers as a new professional group of modern society, and also allows to compare the ways of personal presentation of personal brand of foreign and Russian bloggers.

scholarly journals Sex and Age Differences in Levels of Anomia of Latvian Inhabitants

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeļena Ļevina ◽  
Kristīne Mārtinsone ◽  
Daiga Kamerāde
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

<p><em>Anomia is one of the important factors, which can influence the psychological well-being of individuals. It is especially valuable to determine those socio-demographic groups which can demonstrate the highest levels of anomia. The purpose of the research was to determine whether there are sex and age differences in levels of anomia of Latvian inhabitants. The secondary data from the third European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) were used. The sample consisted of Latvian inhabitants (n = 1009), aged from 18 to 92 years (male – 34.9%, female – 65.1%). 3 indices and 3 subscales of anomia (Social Distrust, Social Isolation and Meaninglessness) were constructed (</em><em>Ļevina, Mārtinsone &amp; </em><em>Kamerāde, 2015a, 2015b). </em><em>A multivariate analysis of variance was conducted. It was found that there was a significant difference in multidimensional anomia between Latvian inhabitants of different age groups.</em></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Modelling the dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 on a dynamic network graph

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Bryant ◽  
Arne Elofsson
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Preferential Attachment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Social Network Structure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Epidemic Development ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundWhen modelling the dispersion of an epidemic using R0, one only considers the average number of individuals each infected individual will infect. However, we know from extensive studies of social networks that there is significant variation in the number of connections and thus social contacts each individual has. Individuals with more social contacts are more likely to attract and spread infection. These individuals are likely the drivers of the epidemic, so-called superspreaders. When many superspreaders are immune, it becomes more difficult for the disease to spread, as the connectedness of the social network dramatically decreases. If one assumes all individuals being equally connected and thus as likely to spread disease as in a SIR model, this is not true.MethodsTo account for the impact of social network structure on epidemic development, we model the dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 on a dynamic preferential attachment graph which changes appearance proportional to observed mobility changes. We sample a serial interval distribution that determines the probability of dispersion for all infected nodes each day. We model the dispersion in different age groups using age-specific infection fatality rates. We vary the infection probabilities in different age groups and analyse the outcome.ResultsThe impact of movement on network dynamics plays a crucial role in the spread of infections. We find that higher movement results in higher spread due to an increased probability of new connections being made within a social network. We show that saturation in the dispersion can be reached much earlier on a preferential attachment graph compared to spread on a random graph, which is more similar to estimations using R0.ConclusionsWe provide a novel method for modelling epidemics by using a dynamic network structure related to observed mobility changes. The social network structure plays a crucial role in epidemic development, something that is often overlooked.

Individuele verschillen in communicatiestijlen

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke K. Oostrom ◽  
Lisanne M. de Rijke ◽  
Alec W. Serlie ◽  
Brigitte Heldeweg
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Style ◽  
Report Measure

Individual differences in communication styles. Does personality explain our way of communicating? Individual differences in communication styles. Does personality explain our way of communicating? The aim of this study was to empirically support the structure of the communication styles within the Social Style model by relating these to personality. The communication styles in the Social Style model consist of assertiveness, responsiveness, and an indicator that represents versatility or flexibility in the use of communication styles. Prior to communication styles training, 153 participants invited a number of co-workers and supervisors to rate their communication styles. We examined the extent to which the communication styles as rated by co-workers and supervisors could be explained by a self-report measure of personality. The regression analyses showed that extraversion is the most important predictor of responsiveness. Assertiveness was predicted by extraversion, self-presentation, and agreeableness (negative relationship). Versatility was predicted by agreeableness, neuroticism (negative relationship), and openness to experience (negative relationship). Given these relationships, it seems that communication styles are partly determined by personality. Organizations should take this into account when their employees participate in communication styles training.

scholarly journals Leisure activities and retirement: do structures of inequality change in old age?

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMONE SCHERGER ◽  
JAMES NAZROO ◽  
PAUL HIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
The Social ◽  
English Longitudinal Study

ABSTRACTIn this paper, relationships between old age, retirement and social inequalities, as marked by participation in leisure activities, are examined. Two issues are tackled: first, whether old age and particularly the transition into retirement have an effect on participation in three selected activities; and second, whether the social inequalities underlying these activities change with older age and retirement. The empirical investigation uses data from the first two waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), which included variables on having a hobby, being a member of a club, and an index of participation in cultural events (cinema, theatre/opera/classical music performances, museums and galleries). The different socio-economic backgrounds of different age groups explain a considerable part of the observed age differences in these activities. Longitudinal analyses show that respondents tended to continue their activities regardless of changes in work and age, with two exceptions, namely that retirement was positively related to having a hobby, and those who stopped working because of an illness experienced a significant decline in all three of the examined categories of activity. The pattern of continuity also applied to socio-economic differences in patterns of participation in leisure activities. Some indications of slightly growing inequalities with age require further investigation.

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