scholarly journals What is Crafts Entrepreneurship? The Development of its Definition Through Entrepreneurs` and Consumers` Perceptions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anzelika Smagina ◽  
◽  
Iveta Ludviga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
General Public ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Survey Questions ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Definition Of

Defining craft entrepreneurship has been a challenge for many scholars and researchers in different countries. Not only because of the multidimensional nature of entrepreneurship, but also because of the differences in national regulations setting boundaries for each sector of the economy. Thus, in some countries, craft is a part of the Creative Industries, but in others it is considered as an independent sector of the economy. Understanding what craft is and how craft products can be differentiated and defined has also been a daunting task. Thus, consolidating theoretical knowledge on entrepreneurship and craft entrepreneurship gained from the literature with the results of an empirical study carried out among craft entrepreneurs and consumers of craft products, this study aims to conceptualize craft entrepreneurship and to develop propositions for the definition of craft entrepreneurship by integrating the meaning attributed to craft entrepreneurship and its specifics by craft entrepreneurs with the perception and meaning assigned to craft products and services by consumers. This study applies qualitative methodology and data gathered using semi-structured interviews and open-ended survey questions. 20 craft entrepreneurs represent a perspective of entrepreneurs about entrepreneurship and its specifics in the craft sector, whereas 445 consumers reflect the opinion of the general public about craft and craft-related products. The results of the study indicate that craft entrepreneurship is undoubtedly connected to handmade products, national traditions, small ventures and craft markets and fairs, where craft entrepreneurs commercialize their produce. Although numerous scholars have already attempted to conceptualize craft entrepreneurship theoretically, the contribution of this study is in its integrated application of theoretical and empirical data reflecting the perspectives of entrepreneurs and consumers.

Sustainability Disclosure and the Financialization of Social Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Woschnack ◽  
Stefanie Hiss ◽  
Sebastian Nagel ◽  
Bernd Teufel
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Rating Agencies ◽  
Sustainability Disclosure ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract This empirical study explores the financialization of social sustainability driven by sustainability accounting and reporting initiatives (SARIs). Since no globally accepted definition of what social sustainability encompasses exists, the paper asks how social sustainability is translated into the financial market language by SARIs as they provide standards for disclosing corporate non-financial performance and promote their concepts of social sustainability. The paper uses a two-step qualitative content analysis. First, it operationalizes social sustainability based on the empirical data of six sustainability rating agencies. Second, this operationalization is compared with the concepts created by three SARIs. The paper shows significant differences between the concepts of the SARIs and the rating agencies. While the rating agencies altogether interpret social sustainability with 83 distinct aspects, the SARIs, although differently created, use significant reduced concepts where 20% of these aspects are absent. The result of this financialization process could be a simplified and financially determined concept of social sustainability within die socially discourse. The research is limited to social sustainability and its financialization by SARIs. Individual indicators and their way or intensity to capture aspects of social sustainability were not part of the research interest. Further research should investigate the economic and the ecological pillars of sustainability as well as the usage of such financialized concepts within the society and especially by corporations. The paper unfolds the arbitrariness of operationalizing a qualitative phenomenon like social sustainability through the financial system. It discloses the need for looking at the mechanisms behind such processes and at the interests of the actors behind the frameworks. The paper reveals the financialization process driven by SARIs and demonstrates its simplifying effects on the concept of social sustainability. Furthermore, the paper shows that SARIs as metrics for non-financial aspects are troubled with a lack of transparency and a lack of convergence.

scholarly journals No Longer ‘Ali-Baba’ But ‘Ali Chandran’ Businesses in Brunei Darussalam: An Exploration

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Li Li Pang
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Preliminary Attempt ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Definition Of

The issue of ‘Ali Baba’ businesses, specifically in the retail sector, has been long debated in Brunei Darussalam, socially and recently in the legislature. The definition of ‘Ali Baba’ business in Brunei Darussalam refers to expatriates use of citizens’ licence to conduct a business in the country. Although such practices are well-known and widely written in Malaysia and to a lesser extent in Indonesia, there is scarce academic literature of the phenomenon in Brunei Darussalam. This paper is a preliminary attempt to fill in the literature gap and to find out the extent and characteristics of ‘Ali Baba’ businesses in Brunei Darussalam, specifically in the retail sector. Semi-structured interviews were used to obtain empirical data as well as from personal on-site observations in a small Mukim or sub-district in Brunei Darussalam. The preliminary findings of the research were profound. This paper argues that the term ‘Ali Baba’ businesses is no longer suitable to refer the retail sector in Brunei Darussalam, rather, it should be known as ‘Ali Chandran’ businesses, as the expatriate partner is now commonly from the Asian sub-continent.

scholarly journals Empirical Study of Toyota Motor Corporation Relative to the Good to Great Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Nicholas Loyd
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Component Framework ◽  
Good To Great ◽  
The World ◽  
Toyota Motor Corporation ◽  
Definition Of

Best-selling business bookGood to Great was published in 2001 as the result of an effort to understand what characteristics, if any, companies who experience an extended run of greatness have in common compared to companies who do not.  The resulting seven-component framework of Good to Great has brought the book both wild acclaim in management circles and heavy scrutiny in the research arena.  While the book originally studied only American companies, this research will examine Good to Great’s research methodology and definition of “great” in order to compare the framework to Toyota Motor Corporation.  A consistent tenant in Fortune’s Global 500 top 10, Toyota is arguably one of the most successful companies in the world, showing a growth that has been remarkably steady for almost 80 years. This paper examines empirical data and evidence from Toyota research and analyses the degree of fit relative to the Good to Great framework. The outcome of the paper offers evidence to support Good to Great framework by putting it on trial against a large international organization.   

scholarly journals Acciones de Responsabilidad Social Organizacional: una mirada a la industria cultural en Santiago de Cali* Organizational Social. [Responsibility actions: A view to the Cultural Industry in Santiago de Cali]

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Paola Ospina Diaz ◽  
Carlos Tello-Castrillón
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Cultural Industry ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Cultural Organizations ◽  
Cultural Sector ◽  
Cultural Entrepreneurship ◽  
Estudio De Caso

El presente estudio se aproxima a las formas en las que algunas organizaciones de la industria cultural de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali gestionan su Responsabilidad Social Organizacional. Por medio de un estudio de caso, se busca brindar algunos parámetros de gestión y educación para que estas organizaciones encaucen sus actividades de Responsabilidad Social Organizacional hacia la sostenibilidad y el bienestar social. Se aplicó metodología cualitativa a 6 organizaciones culturales de la ciudad. En un primer momento, se adelantó una revisión bibliográfica en documentos especializados que dio forma a entrevistas semi estructuradas. En un segundo momento, se llevaron a cabo las entrevistas a dos grupos: a) representantes estales de la industria cultural de la ciudad; b) representantes de las 6 organizaciones culturales. Se concluye que faltan algunas directrices para el cumplimiento de Responsabilidad Social Organizacional del sector cultural de la ciudad.  El faltante compromete tanto la creación de políticas estatales como los espacios de formación al respecto.Palabras clave: Industria de la cultura; Emprendimiento Cultural; RSO; RSE; Santiago de Cali; Estudio de caso; Bienestar socialAbstractThis research shows some ways, as Organizational Social Responsibility actions, used by some organizations of the cultural industry at the city of Santiago de Cali. Within a case study methodology, this paper is aimed to provide some management and education parameters to enable those organizations’s sustainability and social welfare actions.  Qualitative methodology is used on city’s six cultural organizations. First, a bibliographic specialized documents review enabled semi-structured interviews. Second, interviews were carried out within two groups: a) members of the city’s county cultural industry; b) People who belongs to the six cultural organizations. Results show that there are some absences to compliance guidelines in the city’s cultural sector. Consequently,  it is difficult both the creation of public policies and training spaces about Organizational Social Responsibility of the studied organizations.Keywords: Creative industries; OSR; CSR; Santiago de Cali; Case studies; Cultural Entrepreneurship; Social welfareResumoEsta pesquisa mostra algumas formas utilizadas por algumas organizações da indústria cultural da cidade de Santiago de Cali como ações de Responsabilidade Social Organizacional. Utilizando uma metodologia de estudo de caso, este artigo tem como objetivo fornecer alguns parâmetros de gestão e educação para permitir as ações de sustentabilidade e bem-estar social dessas organizações. A metodologia qualitativa é usada nas seis organizações culturais da cidade. Por meio do processo, como primeiro momento, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de documentos especializados, permitindo a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Como segundo momento, foram realizadas entrevistas em dois grupos: a) membros da indústria cultural do município; b) Pessoas que pertencem às seis organizações culturais. Os resultados mostram que existem algumas ausências às diretrizes de compliance no setor cultural da cidade, dificultando a criação de políticas públicas e espaços de formação para a Responsabilidade Social Organizacional das organizações estudadas.Palavras-chave: Indústria cultural; Empreendedorismo Cultural; Santiago de Cali; Estudo de caso; Bem estar social

scholarly journals Advertising communication and spirituality: a critical approach of academics and professionals

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Samuel Universitat Jaume I Gil-Soldevilla ◽  
José-Antonio Universitat Jaume I Palao-Errando ◽  
Javier Universitat Jaume I Marzal-Felici
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Advertising Discourse ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Spiral Model ◽  
Advertising Communication ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Economic Objective

This article explores advertising as a space where spiritual discourses are reproduced from the critical approach of academics in communication and sociology, along with professionals in the advertising sector. Therefore, a qualitative methodology of semi-structured interviews with a panel of fifteen experts was used. This research aims to develop a discourse derived from the interviewee’s experience of the meaning provided by advertising as a transcendent dimension. The interviews were analysed by applying a spiral model by simple induction. The study identifies a compensatory character between brands and religions based on a functional definition of the latter, where brands have acquired the ability to construct social meaning, offer an existential programme to the individual, and arouse identity and awareness through their own narration. Without disregarding the economic objective of corporations or the different levels of transcendence expressed by brands and religious forms, there is consensus on advertising’s attempt to follow the same scheme of adhesion, claims, symbology, and evocations offered by religions, assuming a post-materialist turn of the advertising discourse towards transcendental values, even superficially or banally. The list of interviewees and the use of this technique, which has not previously been applied to the interactions between advertising discourse and spirituality, provide an original perspective on this emerging study field

scholarly journals Risk Communication in Assisted Reproduction in Latvia: From Private Experience to Ethical Issues

2013 ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
Signe Mezinska ◽  
Ilze Mileiko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Egg Donors ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Types Of Information

The aim of this paper is to analyze the process of risk communication in the context of assisted reproduction in Latvia. The paper is based on a qualitative methodology and two types of data: media analysis and 30 semi-structured interviews (11 patients, 4 egg donors, 15 experts). The study explores a broad definition of risk communication and explores three types of risks: health, psychosocial, and moral. We ask (1), who is involved in risk communication, (2), how risks are discussed using different channels of communication, and (3), what ethical problems arise during this process. In the process of analysis, we identified four types of information channels and two strategies of risk communication used by patients, as well as several ethical problems. In our view, the analysis of risk communication practices is significant to improve patient/physician relationship, as well as better meet patients' needs for comprehensive risk information.

Students' Independent Professional Activity in Pedagogical Practice

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-58
Author(s):  
Aina Strode
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Criteria And Indicators ◽  
Study Process

Students' Independent Professional Activity in Pedagogical PracticeThe topicality of the research is determined by the need for changes in higher education concerned with implementing the principles of sustainable education. The article focuses on teacher training, highlighting the teacher's profession as an attractive choice of one's career that permits to ensure the development of general and professional skills and an opportunity for new specialists to align with the labour market. The empirical study of students' understanding of their professional activity and of the conditions for its formation is conducted by applying structured interviews (of practice supervisors, students, academic staff); students and experts' questionnaire. Comparative analysis of quantitative and qualitative data and triangulation were used in case studies. As a result, a framework of pedagogical practice organisation has been created in order to form students' independent professional activity. The criteria and indicators of independent professional activity have been formulated and suggestions for designers of study programmes and organisers of the study process have been provided.

scholarly journals Topological measures for identifying and predicting the spread of complex contagions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Guilbeault ◽  
Damon Centola
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Shortest Path ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Centrality Measures ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Node Centrality ◽  
Network Connectedness ◽  
Topological Measures ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe standard measure of distance in social networks – average shortest path length – assumes a model of “simple” contagion, in which people only need exposure to influence from one peer to adopt the contagion. However, many social phenomena are “complex” contagions, for which people need exposure to multiple peers before they adopt. Here, we show that the classical measure of path length fails to define network connectedness and node centrality for complex contagions. Centrality measures and seeding strategies based on the classical definition of path length frequently misidentify the network features that are most effective for spreading complex contagions. To address these issues, we derive measures of complex path length and complex centrality, which significantly improve the capacity to identify the network structures and central individuals best suited for spreading complex contagions. We validate our theory using empirical data on the spread of a microfinance program in 43 rural Indian villages.

scholarly journals “I’ve Heard of It, Yes, but I Can’t Remember What Exactly It Was”—A Qualitative Study on Awareness, Knowledge, and Use of the UV Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1615
Author(s):  
Katharina Diehl ◽  
Tatiana Görig ◽  
Charlotte Jansen ◽  
Maike Carola Hruby ◽  
Annette B. Pfahlberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Correct Definition ◽  
Definition Of

Pharmacists and pharmaceutical technicians play an important role in counselling customers regarding sunscreen use and sun protection measures. A potentially helpful tool that can be used during counselling is the ultraviolet index (UVI), which informs individuals when and what sun protection measures are needed at a specific place and time. Our aim in this qualitative study was to explore awareness, knowledge, and use of the UVI during counselling in pharmacies. We used semi-structured interviews with pharmacists and pharmaceutical technicians (n = 20) to answer our research questions. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. During the interviews pharmacists and pharmaceutical technicians revealed a lot of uncertainty and lack of knowledge regarding the UVI. Eight professionals were able to give a correct definition of UVI. Amongst others, the UVI was confused with sun protection factor. Overall, the UVI was hardly used during the counselling of customers. The UVI was developed to provide guidance when which type of sun protection is required to avoid detrimental effects of ultraviolet radiation. For effective implementation, both the general population and health professionals (e.g., pharmacists) have to increase their knowledge about the UVI. This would strengthen its use during professional counselling in pharmacies and may help to reduce the incidence of skin cancer over the long term.

scholarly journals Teaching digital models: secondary technology teachers’ experiences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Brink ◽  
Nina Kilbrink ◽  
Niklas Gericke
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Digital Competence ◽  
Technology Teachers ◽  
Teachers Experiences ◽  
Digital Modelling ◽  
Single Idea

AbstractIn secondary technology education, models of artifacts, systems and processes, visualized and simulated through digital tools (digital models) are a relatively new element. Technology teachers teach digital models to meet syllabus criteria of digital competence, applicable to for instance problem solving and documentation using digital tools. However, there is a lack of knowledge concerning how teachers use digital models in their teaching, what their intentions are, and what content they choose. It is known, though, that teachers’ experiences influence the teaching. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate teachers’ experiences of teaching digital models in compulsory school, to contribute to more knowledge of teaching in this area. This study takes a phenomenological lifeworld approach, and 12 semi-structured interviews with lower secondary technology teachers form the empirical data. The data were analyzed thematically and the results are four themes of experiencing the teaching of digital models, indicating that technology teachers teach with different aims and purposes; Enhancing and integrating other subjects, Visualizing technology to the pupils, Enabling digital modelling, and Preparing pupils for the future. Further, the results also indicate that the content and methods of teaching differ and that teachers did not experience digital models as one single idea but as an amalgam of multiple ideas. These findings can be used as a basis for further research and development of teaching concerning digital models.

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