scholarly journals Outdoor testing of photovoltaic modules during summer in Taxila, Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Ali ◽  
Mubashar Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Bashir ◽  
Muzaffar Ali ◽  
Aysha Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Module Efficiency

An experimental study has been carried out to measure the performance of commercially available photovoltaic modules during summer months in the climate of Taxila, near the capital of Pakistan. The modules used in the study are monocrystalline silicon (c-Si), polycrystalline silicon (p-Si) and single junction amorphous silicon (a-Si). The analysis has been focused on the measurement of module efficiency, performance ratio and temperature of each module at actual operating conditions using outdoor monitoring facility. The measured results are compared with the already published data of peak winter month at the same site. Overall, the monocrystalline module showed high average module efficiency while amorphous silicon module was better in term of average performance ratio. Furthermore, the module efficiency and performance ratio has shown decreasing trend with increase of module temperature. It was found that modules have much higher temperature in summer months (about 20?C higher) and showed low efficiency and performance ratio than peak winter month. The average ambient temperature varied from 18.1?C to 38.6?C from winter to summer.

scholarly journals Comparison of Performance Measurements of Photovoltaic Modules during Winter Months in Taxila, Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Anser Bashir ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Ali ◽  
Shahid Khalil ◽  
Muzaffar Ali ◽  
Aysha Maryam Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Module Efficiency

This paper presents the comparative performance evaluation of three commercially available photovoltaic modules (monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and single junction amorphous silicon) in Taxila, Pakistan. The experimentation was carried out at outdoor conditions for winter months. Power output, module efficiency, and performance ratio were calculated for each module and the effect of module temperature and solar irradiance on these parameters was investigated. Module parameters showed strong dependence on the solar irradiance and module temperature. Monocrystalline and polycrystalline modules showed better performance in high irradiance condition whereas it decreased suddenly with decrease in irradiance. Amorphous solar module also showed good performance in low irradiance due to its better light absorbing characteristics and thus showed higher average performance ratio. Monocrystalline photovoltaic module showed higher monthly average module efficiency and was found to be more efficient at this site. Module efficiency and performance ratio showed a decreasing trend with increase of irradiance and photovoltaic module back surface temperature.

scholarly journals Model for Staebler-Wronski Degradation Deduced from Long-Term, Controlled Light-Soaking Experiments

2000 ◽  
Vol 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolko von Roedern ◽  
Joseph A. del Cueto
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Degradation Mechanisms ◽  
Time Constants ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exposure History ◽  
Operating History

ABSTRACTLong-term light-soaking experiments of amorphous silicon photovoltaic modules have now established that stabilization of the degradation occurs at levels that depend significantly on the operating conditions, as well as on the operating history of the modules. We suggest that stabilization occurs because of the introduction of degradation mechanisms with different time constants and annealing activation energies, depending on the exposure conditions. Stabilization will occur once a sufficient accumulation of different degradation mechanisms occurs. We find that operating module temperature during light-soaking is the most important parameter for determining stabilized performance. Next in importance is the exposure history of the device. The precise value of the light intensity seems least important in determining the stabilized efficiency, as long as its level is a significant fraction of 1-sun.

scholarly journals Evaluating Power Loss and Performance Ratio of Hot-Spotted Photovoltaic Modules

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 5419-5427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Dhimish ◽  
Peter Mather ◽  
Violeta Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Power Loss ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Integration of a MSF Desalination System with a HDH System for Brine Recovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3506
Author(s):  
Dahiru U. Lawal ◽  
Mohamed A. Antar ◽  
Atia E. Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Output Ratio ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
And Performance

A hybrid Multi-Stage Flash–Humidification Dehumidification (MSF-HDH) desalination system is investigated for energy recovery from an MSF system. The hybrid MSF-HDH system increases total productivity and performance ratio and reduces brine rejection. Hot condensed steam that leaves the MSF brine heater is used to warm the rejected pretreated brine from MSF to a higher temperature suitable for HDH system operation (about 60 °C). This allows us to increase the product (desalinated water) without additional “external” energy input to the hybrid system. Four different layouts of the integrated MSF-HDH system are presented and compared. The results show that an HDH system can utilize over 66% of an existing MSF brine blowdown, while the hybrid system can achieve a gained output ratio—GOR, water recovery ratio—RR, productivity and freshwater cost of 8.73, 44.86%, 30,549 m3/day and 1.068 $/m3 of freshwater, respectively. Utilizing 66.96% of MSF brine blowdown by the HDH system leads to a daily HDH productivity of about 670 m3 of drinking water, which is enough to support 134,000 persons considering a daily consumption of 5 L of drinking water per person.

Thermal performance of a solar oven with augmented sunlight concentration

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Test Range ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Sky Conditions

This paper describes the thermal performance of a novel solar oven that incorporates a compact reflec-tive lens, or ring array, to augment sunlight concen-tration. Performance is reported in terms of the pos-itive effect of the ring array versus a non-concen-trating lid, maximum operating temperature, ther-mal efficiency, performance under partly cloudy skies, and the effects of incidence angle and track-ing. Use of the ring array lens improved thermal efficiency by 4% in the test range up to 100°C, while boosting the maximum operating temperature from 138°C to 196°C. Comparative tests conducted under clear sky conditions against two other com-mercial types showed that when tracked in the azimuth plane at near-normal incidence angles, the new design generated maximum cooking power of 300 W and boiled water at a rate 13% faster than the next best commercial oven tested. Augmented sunlight concentration sensitised the new design to higher angles of incidence and performance was negatively affected in the non-tracked state. Under non-ideal operating conditions, including partial shading by cloud, the oven outperformed both commercial units.

Comparative Analysis of Crystalline and Double-Junction Amorphous Silicon Modules Performance in Outdoor Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Cornaro ◽  
Davide Musella
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Outdoor Exposure ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Double Junction ◽  
And Performance

The paper deals with an extensive photovoltaic (PV) modules monitoring activity carried out at the outdoor station ESTER (Solar Energy TEst and Research) of the University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy. The purpose of the work was to evaluate and compare the performance of PV silicon modules of polycrystalline (poli-Si) and amorphous (a-Si) technologies during a medium-term outdoor exposure at optimized tilt angle, facing south. Two PV modules, one polycrystalline silicon and one double-junction amorphous silicon, have been exposed since May 2009 until Oct. 2010. A complete characterization of the weather conditions at the site during the test has been performed, and the most relevant parameters for the performance comparison of the two technologies have been derived. In order to compare different technologies and power productions, the energy yield (Y) and performance ratio (PR) for the two modules have been evaluated on a monthly and yearly basis. The typical seasonal trend of PR has been observed for the polycrystalline module, essentially due to the temperature influence on the module performance. For the a-Si module, instead, a degradation trend has been observed for the first months of operation. Subsequently, a significant recovery in the PR and energy production has been registered.

Energy performance and loss analysis of 100 kWp grid-connected rooftop solar photovoltaic system

2021 ◽  
pp. 014362442199422
Author(s):  
Anupama KhareSaxena ◽  
Seema Saxena ◽  
K Sudhakar
Keyword(s):  
Central India ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic System

In the present work, simulation and energy analysis of a grid-tied 100 kWp solar photovoltaic power plant mounted on an institute's building rooftop in Bhopal city of India are carried out. The present study provides insight into the solar power plant's performance linked to the medium range grid under actual operating conditions in Central India. It is observed that the standard performance ratio and the capacity factor of the plant are 80.72% and 19.27% respectively. The average monthly energy produced is highest in April and lowest in July. Simulation results using different simulation tools have been compared and are shown to be in near agreement with the real calculated values. This plant set-up is expected to gain profit after a period of 5.9 years with a capacity to mitigate 136 tons of CO2 emission annually. Practical application: This study estimates the energy output, system losses and performance parameters for a 100 kWp rooftop grid connected solar photovoltaic system. This helps to check the feasibility of such a system at this location. Also the payback period and reduction in carbon footprint are calculated to highlight the economic and environmental benefits. This would attract public interest for installation of more such plants on rooftops of buildings in the near future.

Post Initial Light Induced Degradation Stability and Performance of Amorphous Silicon Modules

1990 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Berry ◽  
M.J. Hahn ◽  
L. Mrig
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Performance Models ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Induced Defects ◽  
Stability Sets

ABSTRACTData is presented on the field test of amorphous silicon photovoltaic modules. The modules have been obtained by SERI under the field test and performance evaluation program to track the changes in performance following the continuing development of improvements in their manufacture. The data have been gathered for up to five years. Procurement time intervals are used to distinguish between the sets of modules under test. The results show that more recent technogies have a more rapid initial loss of performance but that stability sets in at an earlier time than that observed for the earlier modules. Data are presented to show efficiency and fill factor degradation from both the date of deployment and a date selected for post initial degradation(pi). Performance models are presented and compared, including models which account for annual variations in insolation and temperature and, therefore, generation of light induced defects and annealing.

MODERN EQUIPMENT FOR DETERMINING TRACTOR-SPEED PROPERTIES OF THE VEHICLE: CHARACTERISTICS’ ANALYSIS IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-289
Author(s):  
N. V. Savenkov ◽  
V. V. Ponyakin ◽  
S. A. Chekulaev ◽  
V. V. Butenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Force Transfer ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Loading Devices ◽  
Structural Solutions

Introduction. At present, stands with running drums are widely used for various types of tests. Power stands play a special role. Such stands take the mechanical power from the driving wheels of the car. This simulates the process of movement of the vehicle under operating conditions. Such equipment has various designs, principles of operation and performance. It is also used in tests that are different by purpose, development stages and types: research, control, certification, etc. Therefore, it is necessary in order to determine the traction-speed, fuel-efficient and environmental performance characteristics.Materials and methods. The paper provides the overview of the power stands with running drums, which are widespread on the domestic market. The authors carried out the analysis of the main structural solutions: schemes of force transfer between the wheel and the drum; types of loading devices; transmission layout schemes and features of the control and measuring complex. The authors also considered corresponding advantages and disadvantages, recommended spheres of application, demonstrated parameters and characteristics of the units’ workflow, presented components and equipment.Discussion and conclusions. The authors critically evaluate existing models of stands with running drums. Such information is useful for choosing serial models of stands and for developing technical tasks for designing or upgrading the equipment.

Application of vacuum belt press filters for cane mud filtration and performance comparison with rotary filters

2014 ◽  
pp. 298-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Petit
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Vacuum Filter ◽  
Sugar Mill ◽  
Belt Press ◽  
Vacuum Belt ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mud Filtration ◽  
The Impact

Bois-Rouge factory, an 8000 t/d cane Reunionese sugarcane mill, has fully equipped its filtration station with vacuum belt press filters since 2010, the first one being installed in 2009. The present study deals with this 3-year experience and discusses operating conditions, electricity consumption, performance and optimisation. The comparison with the more classical rotary drum vacuum filter station of Le Gol sugar mill highlights advantages of vacuum belt press filters: high filtration efficiency, low filter cake mass and sucrose content, low total solids content in filtrate and low power consumption. However, this technology needs a mud conditioning step and requires a large amount of water to improve mud quality, mixing of flocculant and washing of filter belts. The impact on the energy balance of the sugar mill is significant. At Bois-Rouge mill, studies are underway to reduce the water consumption by recycling low d.s. filtrate and by dry cleaning the filter belts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document