The Impact of Desired Family Size upon Family Planning Practices in Rural East Pakistan

1971 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Wimberley Mosena ◽  
John Stoeckel
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Desired Family Size ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Family size and marital age

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 107-11
Author(s):  
Helena Siregar ◽  
Azwin Lubis ◽  
M. Arif Nasution ◽  
Indra Kesuma Nasution ◽  
Thamrin Tanjung
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Of Marriage ◽  
The Impact

A cross sectional study about the relationships between family size and marital age and the impact of educatimt, occupation and family planning programme was conducted in the region of South Tapanuli North Sumatera. The study was performed on 246 married couples by simple random sampling of households in the villages Pakantea, Tamiang, Muarasoro and Sumuran, during the period of September 25 up to October 3, 1982. The eariiest age of marriage for women was 14 years, ancl the latest 20 years. Most of the women (68%) married at 15-20 year. The main education of responders were primary school (67%). The occupational status was mostly (90%) farmer. The mean family size under 20 years old was 6.3 and over 20 years, 5.3. Fertility rate under 20 years was still high. Family Planning was not yet widely accepted in this area.

The influence of wife's education on fertility in rural Egypt

1976 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atef M Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Desired Family Size

Based on survey data from rural Egypt, the effects of the wife's education on fertility and family planning were investigated and shown to be very important. In accordance with the results of most other studies, there is an inverse relationship with the number of live births. The wife's education is also shown to influence attitudes towards family size, spacing, and knowledge and approval of contraceptives, all of which lead to a high proportion of contraceptive use and help to achieve the desired family size. There was also a clear inverse association between the wife's education and pregnancy loss and infant mortality; these latter two variables showed positive correlations with the number of live births.(Summary in Arabic on p. 60)

scholarly journals Trends in fertility and fertility preferences in sub-Saharan Africa: the roles of education and family planning programs

Genus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bongaarts
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Family Planning Programs ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Desired Family Size ◽  
Dhs Surveys

Abstract A common explanation for the high fertility prevailing in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is a widespread desire for large families. This situation poses a challenge to population policy-makers in the continent. If the desired family size is high, then presumably family planning programs can only have a limited effect on fertility because these programs aim to assist women in achieving their reproductive goals. But this conclusion is based on the assumption that family planning programs do not affect the desired family size, which is questionable and is investigated here. This study examines the determinants of trends wanted and unwanted fertility in SSA using fixed-effects regressions of country-level data. The dependent variables include the total fertility rate, and its wanted and unwanted components. Explanatory variables include a family planning program score and four socioeconomic variables (women’s educational attainment, child mortality, GNI per capita, and percent urban). Data come from 103 DHS surveys in 25 countries in SSA with at least two DHS surveys between 1989 and 2019. Women’s education and family planning programs are found to be the dominant determinants of fertility decline and their effects operate by reducing both wanted and unwanted fertility. The effects of education are not surprising but the finding that family planning programs can reduce wanted fertility implies that their impact can be larger than conventional wisdom suggests. Indeed, in a few poor countries, the implementation of high-quality programs has been associated with substantial declines in wanted fertility (e.g., Ethiopia, Malawi, Rwanda). The mechanism through which this effect operates is unclear but likely involves media programs that diffuse knowledge about the benefits of smaller families.

scholarly journals ANALYZING FACTORS AFFECTING THE POVERTY IN FISHER COMMUNITIES IN NINH THUAN COAST

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Manh Pham Hong ◽  
An Phan Vinh
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Career Transition ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Years Of Schooling

This study aims to quantify factors affecting the poverty in fisher communities in the coast of Ninh Thuan province. Based on theories on poverty, we employed an econometric model to estimate the impact of each factor on the poverty of the households. We found that the rate of poor households remains high, at 10.6%. Factors causing the poverty include householder’s years of schooling, family size, and net fishing business. The model’s explanatory capacity is 36.2%. The results also show that in order to successfully combat the poverty, it is necessary to introduce career transition assistance policies, education and training as well as family planning to the fisher households.

scholarly journals Preferences, Partners, and Parenthood: Linking Early Fertility Desires, Marriage Timing, and Achieved Fertility

Demography ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1975-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Nitsche ◽  
Sarah R. Hayford
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Family Size ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Marriage Timing ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Fertility Desires ◽  
Desired Family Size ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn the United States, underachieving fertility desires is more common among women with higher levels of education and those who delay first marriage beyond their mid-20s. However, the relationship between these patterns, and particularly the degree to which marriage postponement explains lower fertility among the highly educated, is not well understood. We use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort to analyze differences in parenthood and achieved parity for men and women, focusing on the role of marriage timing in achieving fertility goals over the life course. We expand on previous research by distinguishing between entry into parenthood and average parity among parents as pathways to underachieving, by considering variation in the impact of marriage timing by education and by stage of the life course, and by comparing results for men and women. We find that women with a bachelor’s degree who desired three or more children are less likely to become mothers relative to women with the same desired family size who did not attend college. Conditional on becoming mothers, however, women with at least a bachelor’s degree do not have lower completed family size. No comparable fatherhood difference by desired family size is present. Postponing marriage beyond age 30 is associated with lower proportions of parenthood but not with lower parity among parents. Age patterns are similar for women and men, pointing at social rather than biological factors driving the underachievement of fertility goals.

The Hull Family Survey

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Peel
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Mate Selection ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Contraceptive Usage ◽  
Decision Making Unit ◽  
Desired Family Size ◽  
Building Behaviour

This paper describes the main findings of the first stage in a planned longitudinal study of marriage and family planning amongstarepresentative sample of recently married couples in a northern city. The long-term aim of the research is to evaluate, by means of interivews repeated at successive 5-year intervals in the lives of these couples, the relationship between intended and achieved family size and to assess the factors associated with relative success and failure. The initial series of interviews provides much new information on patterns of mate selection, marriage and family planning intentions; it also represents the only recent survey of contraceptive behaviour during the first year of marriage.The major determinants of family-building behaviour are assessed and, amongst these, religion is found to be the most significant. Its effects are, however, mitigated by considerable marrying out amongst Catholics. The notion of the married couple as a rational decision-making unit in matters of family planning is supported by this survey and there is a rela tionship between desired family size and the efficacy of contraceptive usage. Two points of major methodological interest in fertility analysis are dis cussed.

scholarly journals Variations in Desired Family Size and Excess Fertility in East Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieudonné Ndaruhuye Muhoza ◽  
Annelet Broekhuis ◽  
Pieter Hooimeijer
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Fertility Desires ◽  
Desired Family Size ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Combined Impact ◽  
Main Factor

This contribution studies the variation in desired family size and excess fertility in four East African countries by analyzing the combined impact of wealth, education, religious affiliation, and place of residence. The findings show an enormous heterogeneity in Kenya. Wealthy and higher educated people have fertility desires close to replacement level, regardless of religion, while poor, uneducated people, particularly those in Muslim communities, have virtually uncontrolled fertility. Rwanda is at the other extreme: poor, uneducated people have the same desired fertility as their wealthy, educated compatriots, regardless of their religion—a case of “poverty Malthusianism.”. The potential for family planning is high in both countries as more than 50% of the women having 5 children or more would have preferred to stop at 4 or less. Tanzania and Uganda have an intermediate position in desired family size and a lower potential for family planning. Generally, the main factor that sustains higher fertility is poverty exacerbated by religious norms among the poor only.

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