scholarly journals PERSISTENSI DAN PEMATAHAN DORMANSI BENIH CABAI RAWIT LOKAL MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK BIO-INVIGORASI BENIH

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Jefi Saputra ◽  
Riska Audina Amir ◽  
Nur Mumin ◽  
Gusti Ayu Kade Sutariati
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Brick Powder ◽  
Series Of Experiments

Persistence and Breaking of Local Chilli Seed Dormancy Using Seed Bio-Invigoration Techniques. This study aims to evaluate the persistence of local chilli seed dormancy while evaluating seed bio-invigoration techniques that effectively break the dormancy of local chilli. The study consisted of two series of experiments, namely: the persistence test of local chilli. seed dormancy (Series 1) was observed descriptively using a germination indicator for several weeks to reach a germination percentage ≥ 80%. Testing of seed dormancy breakage by seed bio-invigoration technique (Series 2) using a randomized complete design with 3 replications and 7 treatments namely: no treatment (A0), matriconditioning of husk charcoal powder (SAS) + Bacillus sp. CKD061 (A1), matriconditioning SAS + Pseudomonas sp. TBT214 (A2), red brick powder matriconditioning (SBM) + Bacillus sp. CKD061 (A3), matriconditioning SBM + Pseudomonas sp. TBT214 (A4), matriconditioning SAS + Bacillus sp. CKD061 + Pseudomonas sp. TBT214 (A5), and matriconditioning SBM + Bacillus sp. CKD061 + Pseudomonas sp. TBT214 (A6). The results showed that the persistence of local chilli seed dormant cultivars Konsel 1 and Konsel 2 cultivars were 6 weeks. While the dormancy break test on the Konsel 1 cultivar was 2 weeks at A1 treatment with breaking dormancy of 90.00%. While in Konsel 2 cultivar which is 4 weeks in the A6 treatment with breaking dormancy  86.67% which is significantly different from the control. This study shows that A1 treatment can break dormancy of chilli seeds in Konsel 1 cultivar and A6 treatment in Konsel 2 cultivar. 

scholarly journals Dormancy-Breaking and Germination Requirements for Seeds of Sorbus alnifolia (Siebold & Zucc.) K.Koch (Rosaceae), a Mesic Forest Tree with High Ornamental Potential

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Yuhan Tang ◽  
Keliang Zhang ◽  
Yin Zhang ◽  
Jun Tao
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Breaking Dormancy

Sorbus alnifolia (Siebold & Zucc.) K.Koch (Rosaceae) is an economically important tree in the temperate forests of Eastern China. In recent decades, ever-increasing use and modification of forestlands have resulted in major degeneration of the natural habitat of S. alnifolia. Moreover, S. alnifolia seeds germinate in a complicated way, leading to a high cost of propagation. The current study aimed to determine the requirements for breaking seed dormancy and for germination as well as to characterize the type of seed dormancy present in this species. Moreover, the roles of temperature, cold/warm stratification, and gibberellic acid (GA3) in breaking dormancy were tested combined with a study of the soil seed bank. The results showed that intact seeds of S. alnifolia were dormant, requiring 150 days of cold stratification to achieve the maximum germination percentage at 5/15 °C. Exposure of the seeds to ranges of temperatures at 15/25 °C and 20/30 °C resulted in secondary dormancy. Scarifying seed coat and partial removal of the cotyledon promoted germination. Compared with long-term cold stratification, one month of warm stratification plus cold stratification was superior in breaking dormancy. Application of GA3 did not break the dormancy during two months of incubation. Seeds of S. alnifolia formed a transient seed bank. The viability of freshly matured S. alnifolia seeds was 87.65% ± 11.67%, but this declined to 38.25% after 6-months of storage at room temperature. Seeds of S. alnifolia have a deep physiological dormancy; cold stratification will be useful in propagating this species. The long chilling requirements of S. alnifolia seeds would avoid seedling death in winter.

Investigation of Potential Seed Dormancy Mechanisms in American Burnweed (Erechtites hieraciifolius) Seeds from Wild Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) fields

Weed Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-265
Author(s):  
Scott N. White ◽  
Linshan Zhang ◽  
Kris Pruski
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Wild Blueberry

American burnweed is an increasingly common annual weed in wild blueberry fields in Atlantic Canada and Maine. Knowledge of seed dormancy characteristics and potential for this species to form persistent seedbanks in wild blueberry soils, however, is lacking. A series of experiments were therefore conducted to investigate potential mechanisms regulating American burnweed seed dormancy in wild blueberry fields. Seeds were dormant at maturity and did not germinate in dark or light under warm conditions. Cold moist stratification (CMS) at 4 C for 90 d followed by exposure to warm conditions (22/15 C day/night) and light caused >90% germination, and germination was generally maximized following 80 d CMS. Exogenous potassium nitrate applied as a 5% solution did not stimulate germination, but nearly all seeds (>95%) germinated following treatment with 200, 400, 600, or 800 ppm (w/v) gibberellic acid (GA3) solution. Physical removal of the seed coat or seed exposure to short durations of dry heat did not increase germination. Seed exposure to 1 s of direct flame increased germination, but germination was low relative to germination following CMS and treatment with GA3. Based on these results, we conclude that American burnweed seeds in wild blueberry fields exhibit non–deep physiological dormancy that is most readily broken by CMS and light or seed treatment with GA3. Seeds will likely be exposed to favorable conditions for breaking dormancy (cold temperatures and light) in wild blueberry fields due to lack of tillage and seed burial, indicating high potential for this weed species to proliferate in wild blueberry fields if not properly managed.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perendaman Benih Pada Berbagai Suhu Awal Air Terhadap Viabilitas Benih Kayu Afrika (Maesopsis Eminii)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Oben . ◽  
Afif Bintoro ◽  
Melya Riniarti
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Initial Temperature ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Maesopsis Eminii ◽  
Tree Seed

One of thepropagation problems in generative of umbrella treewas seed dormancy. To break the seed dormancy of umbrella tree seed, soaking at different initial temperatures of water was used. The objectives of this research were to find out the effect of initial temperature treatment to the germination percentage, the germination speed rate, and the ability to germinate, and also to find the optimum initial temperature for umbrella tree germination. The research hasstartedFebruary until May 2012 in PT. Anugerah Subur Sejahtera, Ulak Bandung Village, sub-districtofMuara Sahung, Kaur Regency, Bengkulu.This research used completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatment and 3 replications, each series of experiments used 100 seeds.The result shown that soaking treatment at different initial temperature of water has been significantly affected the germination percentage, and the umbrella tree seed without soaking gave the best result. Key words : germination, scarification, seed viability, umbrella tree

scholarly journals Chilling-Requirement Release of Seed and Bud Dormancy in Apricot

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Seif El-Yazal ◽  
Samir A. Seif El-Yazal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Flowering Date ◽  
Chilling Requirements ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Breaking Seed Dormancy

Dormancy shows common physiological features in buds and seeds. Specific period of chilling is usually required to release dormancy. Reproductive meristems and embryos display dormancy mechanisms in specialized structures named respectively buds and seeds that arrest the growth of perennial plants until environmental conditions are optimal for survival. Chilling requirements for breaking dormancy were studied for 3 successive years in 20 seedling apricot trees which spanned the range of flowering times in these trees. Different methods for estimating chilling requirements were evaluated and compared, and correlations between chilling requirements and flowering date were established. The trees examined showed a range of chilling requirements, chill hours (CH) between 199 CH and 274 CH, and chill units, (CU), between 612CU and 873CU. The results obtained in different years by the Utah and Dynamic models were more homogeneous with respect to the hours below 7 °C model. The apricot trees showed important differences concerning flowering date, and the results indicate a high positive correlation between chilling requirements and flowering date.Moreover, a specific low-temperature stratification treatment was required to overcome seed dormancy. 5°C cold stratification was found to be the best for breaking seed dormancy and germination. Increased seed germination percentage was recorded when the period of stratification prolonged. Apricot seeds required a cold stratification of about 12-15 days to reach maximum germination.

Enhanced Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis Subspecies kurstaki and aizawai to Black Cutworm Larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) With Bacillus sp. NFD2 and Pseudomonas sp. FNFD1

2011 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer A. Mashtoly ◽  
Assem Abolmaaty ◽  
Mohamed El-Said El-Zemaity ◽  
Mohamed I. Hussien ◽  
Steven R. Alm
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Black Cutworm ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Morphophysiological dormancy and germination ecology in diaspores of the subtropical palm Phoenix canariensis Chabaud

Botany ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanlan He ◽  
Ganesh K. Jaganathan ◽  
Baolin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Germination Ecology ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis ◽  
Morphophysiological Dormancy ◽  
Cotyledonary Petiole ◽  
Seed Dormancy And Germination

The timing of germination is a crucial event in a plant’s life cycle. Seed dormancy and germination mechanisms are important factors regulating seedling emergence. Since detailed experimental evidence for germination pattern of Phoenix canariensis colonizing sub-tropical climate is scarce, we investigated seed dormancy and germination ecology of P. canariensis. We found that the embryo is underdeveloped at the time of dispersal and doubles in size before the cotyledonary petiole (CP) protrudes through the operculum. The primary root and plumule emerge from the elongated CP outside the seed. In light/dark at 30/25°C, the CP emerged from 8% of the diaspores within 30 days and from 76% within 14 weeks. Thus, 8% of the diaspores have MD and the others MPD. Removal of the pericarp and operculum resulted in 100% germination within 5 days in light/dark at 30/25°C. Cold and warm stratification as well as treatment with GA3 significantly increased the germination speed, but the final germination percentage was not significantly increased. Seed germination was synchronized in early summer when seed dormancy was released by cold stratification in the soil over winter. A remote-tubular germination type and intricate root system provide an ecological advantage to the seedling establishment.

scholarly journals Sorção de cobre e manganês por bactérias rizosféricas do trigo

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 947-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Voss ◽  
Robert Wayne Stefen Phillip Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp

A bioacumulação de metais por microrganismos se deve principalmente a fenômenos de superfície, ocorrendo adsorção, de forma estequiométrica, com os radicais aniônicos dos envoltórios celulares, seguido ou não de precipitação dos metais. Para estudar condicionantes da sorção de metais por bactérias vivas, quantificou-se o Cu2+ e Mn2+ retirados por um Bacillus sp. e uma Pseudomonas sp., isolados da rizosfera de trigo, de uma solução de cloreto dos metais, determinando-se a quantidade de metal restante no sobrenadante, após centrifugação. Usou-se delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições. Ensaiaram-se efeito dos teores de Cu2+ e Mn2+, do pH e do tempo de crescimento bacteriano. O Bacillus sorveu mais Cu2+ e Mn2+ do que Pseudomonas. em todas as concentrações desses metais. A sorção de Cu2+ por ambas as bactérias apresentou maiores incrementos do que Mn2+ com aumento dos teores desses metais na solução. A alteração do pH 5,0 para 3,0 diminuiu a sorção dos dois metais. Com o tempo de cultivo de 90 horas a Pseudomonas apresentou maior sorção de cobre e de manganês do que no tempo de 16 horas. Os resultados obtidos assemelham-se aos fenômenos de troca de cátions em colóides.

scholarly journals Characterization and Lipolytic Activity of Bacteria Isolates from Freshwater Clam (Mercenaria Mercenaria) in Bayelsa State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Opara C N ◽  
◽  
Anumudu C K ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Lipolytic Activity ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Mercenaria Mercenaria ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Freshwater Clam

Lipases form an important group of relevant enzymes which have applications in various fields including; food, pharmaceutical, detergent, textile and cosmetic industries. Lipases can be produced from diverse sources including microorganisms. This study evaluated the potential of bacteria isolates from fresh-water clam Mercenaria Mercenaria to produce lipolytic enzymes. Ten samples of Clam (Mercenaria Mercenaria) were screened for the presence of lipase producing bacteria using classical culture methods. Eleven bacteria species were obtained, of which six (Actinomyces sp., E. coli, Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Clostridium sp. and Klebsiella sp.) produced lipases that had lipolytic activity in breaking down olive oil used in media supplementation. The best culture media and conditions for optimal production of lipases was studied and it was shown that supplementation of growth media with 2% dextrose at neutral pH gave the greatest yield of lipases when lipase producing isolates were grown in shake flasks. Measurement of biomass by culture and turbidimetric methods indicates that the highest cell mass was recorded by Pseudomonas sp at 7.8 x 105 CFU/ml, closely followed by Actinomyces sp. and Bacillus sp., at 6.2 x 105 CFU/ml and 5.3 x 105 respectively. The produced lipases were partially purified by precipitating with ammonium sulphate followed by dialysis. The total protein content of produced lipases was evaluated by the Lowry’s method, showing that estimated protein content followed the same trend as cell biomass with the highest recorded by Pseudomonas sp. at 1.53mg/ml, followed by Actinomyces sp. and Bacillus sp. at 1.47mg/ml and 1.32mg/ml respectively. The results obtained in this study shows that isolates obtained from freshwater clam can produce potent lipases which can be employed for industrial, food and other diverse uses

scholarly journals Skrining Dan Seleksi Bakteri Simbion Spons Penghasil Enzim Ekstraseluler Sebagai Agen Bioremediasi Bahan Organik Dan Biokontrol Vibriosis Pada Budidaya Udang

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilis Arii Setyati ◽  
Ahmad Saddam Habibi ◽  
Subagiyo Subagiyo ◽  
Ali Ridlo ◽  
Nirwani S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Harveyi ◽  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Acinetobacter Sp

Pesatnya kegiatan budidaya perikanan dengan penerapan sistem intensif dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, telah memunculkan permasalahan berupa penurunan daya dukung tambak bagi kehidupan organisme budidaya. Dampak lanjut yang ditimbulkan adalah terjadinya serangkaian penyakit dan kerusakan kondisi lingkungan. Langkah antisipatif melalui penerapan bioremediasi merupakan solusi untuk mencegah kerusakan yang lebih serius. Dalam proses bioremediasi, enzim memainkan peran katalis yang mempercepat reaksi biokimia di kolam tanah dan air. Bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan spons memiliki beragam senyawa bioaktif yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah isolasi dan skrining bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan spons yang memiliki aktivitas enzim ekstraseluler (proteolitik, amilolitik, selulolitik, dan lipolitik) dan aktivitas antibakteri, serta mengetahui interaksi sifat antagonisme antar isolat terbaik, dan identifikasi spesies bakteri secara fenotipik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 4 tahap: koleksi sampel, isolasi, seleksi, dan identifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total bakteri simbion spons yang diperoleh 15 isolat dengan potensi 15 isolat proteolitik, 12 isolat amilolitik, 12 isolat lipolitik, dan 4 isolat selulolitik. Terdapat 10 isolat memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Vibrio harveyi dan 2 isolat memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Vibrio alginolyticus. Isolat bakteri terbaik SP.1.3, SP.5.1, dan SP.5.3 tidak memiliki aktivitas saling antagonis antar ketiganya. Identifikasi fenotipik dari 3 isolat diduga bahwa isolat SP.1.3, SP.5.1, dan SP.5.2 diidentifikasi sebagai Bacillus sp., Acinetobacter sp., dan Pseudomonas sp. Kata kunci:  Bakteri simbion spons, enzim ekstraseluler, bioremediasi, vibriosis

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