scholarly journals Effect of the Ground Slope and Soil Infiltration on the Water Nitrate Ion Concentrations

Revista EIA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Melissa Herrera Ceferino ◽  
Juan Camilo Viviescas Restrepo ◽  
Néstor Jaime Aguirre Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Soil Slope ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Nitrate Ion ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Ground Slope

Soil characterization plays an essential role in the water flow and availability of nutrients. In accordance with the above, this research sought to find a relationship between the soil slope, soil particle grain size distribution, infiltration rate, and the nitrate ion movement through the soil profile and in the water table of the Quebrada La Nitrera, located in a Colombian tropical nature forest reserve. It was observed that the slope and the rate of infiltration explain the nitrate concentrations from one site to another. Additionally, in April 2018, where on average there is more precipitation for the study area, the highest groundwater nitrate ions concentration (18 mg / L) was reported according to the standard value for natural waters (10 mg / L). This suggests that hydrological events also influence the transport of these minerals.

The Experiment Study on the Soil Infiltration Characteristics of Yumenkou Water Pumping Station Irrigation District of Regional Scale

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 661-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Hu Yuan ◽  
Gui Sheng Fan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Weight Content

This paper is based on an item of key problem of agriculture of Shanxi province through field test and indoor test. Capability of soil infiltration and soil moisture content,soil volume-weight,content of soil organic matter,soil structure were measured.Infiltration content and infiltration rate reflect the capability of soil infiltration. Ten points of Yumenkou irriqated area located in Hejin, Jishan,Xinjiang were choosed,which can represent the soil feature of this area very well.The study of soil infiltration will give the scientific reason for the rational determining of field irrigation technique parameter.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Tanah Longsor di Daerah Aliran Sungai Tangka

2018 ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Arsyad ◽  
Roland Alexander Barkey ◽  
Wahyuni Wahyuni ◽  
Karla Kembongallo Matandung
Keyword(s):  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Ground Movement ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Soil Weathering ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
Open Land ◽  
Landslide Slope ◽  
Steep Slopes

Landslides occur as a result of ground movement on steep slopes, and the high humidity (moisture), and the sparse vegetation (open land). The Local conditions is an interrelated components. The process of landslides can be explained that the water soak into the soil will add weight to the ground. If the water penetrates the soil acts as a watertight sliding plane, the ground becomes slippery and soil weathering on it will move to follow the slope. This study aims to determine the type of landslide, landslide characteristics and landslides causing factors. This research was conducted in September 2015 in Watershed Tangka. The study consisted of three stages, namely the determination of the coordinates of the location of the landslide, landslide determining the location of the sample, the determination of the type of landslide, slope measurements, measurements of the dimensions of landslide and infiltration. Research results obtained are the coordinates of the location of as many as 17 points landslide, landslide types of translation and rotation, land cover and soil texture. There is no difference in the type of soil, infiltration rate, vegetation, geologi, slope and rainfall in both types of landslide are found. 

scholarly journals Non-potable Water Quality Assessment Methodology for Water Conservation in Arid Climates

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 215-234
Author(s):  
Geraldine Seguela ◽  
J. R. Littlewood ◽  
G. Karani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Medical Facility ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Infiltration Rate

Abstract This paper documents a non-potable water (NPW) quality assessment methodology for a decentralized non-potable water system in Abu Dhabi (AD), capital city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which is dominated by sandy and salty soil, high temperature, and humidity. The context is a medical facility case study (MFCS) in AD, which includes a landscape 50% as large as its building footprint. The project identified the need to investigate the impact of air handling unit (AHU) air conditioning (A/C) condensate water (CW) quality on soil health and building hydraulic systems. The aim of the research was to measure the impact of using recycled on-site NPW sources in a MFCS in AD, to alleviate the use of desalinated potable water and reduce associated energy consumption, operation cost, and greenhouse gas emissions for landscape irrigation (LI) and water feature (WF) use. CW has been tested in 2016 and in 2017 and analysed against local authority’s parameter limits to establish suitability for LI and WF use. The findings are that in AD CW classification and characterization is a gap in knowledge whereby salinity and toxicity concentration limits should be addressed by the local authority because CW has an impact on soil infiltration rate due its low dissolved salt content as evidenced by the water test results. The recommendations for this paper are to develop a sustainable water conservation and reuse (SWC) strategy forming the basis for a water protocol by the competent authority for regional medical facility including a methodology for assessing on-site NPW quality for outdoor reuse to reduce soil infiltration problems and consequently conserve water and associated energy. The next steps are to confirm if the MFCS soil infiltration rate is affected by the CW or other factors, and to test additional NPW types.

scholarly journals Supernovae and solar cycles embedded in a Dome F ice core

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (H15) ◽  
pp. 630-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Motizuki ◽  
Yoichi Naka ◽  
Kazuya Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Depth Profile ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Nitrate Ion ◽  
Ion Concentrations

AbstractWe have recently found signals of candidates for two historical supernovae and past solar cycles in a depth profile of nitrate ion concentrations in an ice core portion corresponding to the 10th and the 11th centuries. This ice core was drilled in 2001 at Dome Fuji (Dome F) station in Antarctica. We briefly review our findings and discuss why Dome F is appropriate for this study.

Effects of skidding on forest soil infiltration in west-central Alberta

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Startsev ◽  
D. H. McNabb
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Constant Head

Soil compaction during forest harvesting generally reduces macropore space, which reduces infiltration and increases the potential for surface erosion and waterlogging. Hydrological effects of 3, 7 and 12 skidding cycles and their persistence were evaluated for 3 yr at 14 sites, which represented a range of soil texture and compaction conditions in the foothills and boreal forests of Alberta. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (HC) was determined using a constant head method on soil cores collected from 5- and 10-cm depths; unconfined infiltration rate of the surface soil (IR) was measured in situ with tension infiltrometers at near saturation. A significant (P < 0.05) increase in bulk density during skidding caused a significant reduction in both HC and IR after the first three cycles at eight sites where soil water potential at the time of skidding was higher than −15 kPa; the decrease at the other sites was not significant. Additional traffic, up to 12 cycles, did not cause a further significant decrease in HC or IR. The infiltration rate of soil compacted by three skidding cycles showed a recovery trend. However, in more intensively trafficked soils, compaction effects on infiltration remained significant for at least 3 yr, which was possibly attributed to heavy snowpacks preventing soil freezing at lower depths. Key words: Saturated hydraulic conductivity, unconfined infiltration rate, tension infiltrometers, skidders, boreal forest, Alberta

scholarly journals Variable Pulsed Irrigation Algorithm (VPIA) to Reduce Runoff Losses Under a Low-Pressure Lateral Move Irrigation Machine

Horticulturae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aymen A. Al Al-Baaj ◽  
Andrew Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
Runoff Losses ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pulsed Irrigation ◽  
Soil Infiltration Rate

Due to restrictions and limitations on agricultural water worldwide, one of the most effective ways to conserve water in this sector is to reduce the water losses and improve irrigation uniformity. Nowadays, the low-pressure sprinkler has been widely used to replace the high-pressure impact sprinklers in lateral move sprinkler irrigation systems due to its low operating cost and high efficiency. However, the hazard of surface runoff represents the biggest obstacle for low-pressure sprinkler systems. Most researchers have used the pulsing technique to apply variable-rate irrigation to match the crop water needs within a normal application rate that does not produce runoff. This research introduces a variable pulsed irrigation algorithm (VPIA) based on an ON–OFF pulsing technique to conserve irrigation water through (1) decreasing the runoff losses by considering the soil infiltration rate, surface storage capacity, and sprinkler wetting diameter; and (2) ensuring a high level of water distribution uniformity in the direction of machine movement. From a wide range of pulse numbers and widths tested applying a certain water depth to a sandy loam soil, the best solution that gives the lowest runoff and highest uniformity while delivering an acceptable water depth was selected. A MATLAB code was written to simulate the soil infiltration rate, the sprinkler application rate, and to apply the proposed algorithm. The simulation results showed a runoff reduction of at least 90.7% with a high level of distribution uniformity in the direction of movement while delivering the highest possible irrigation depth using the lowest number of pulses.

Infiltration Characteristics of Soil Moisture in Liangping County

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
Shu Yan ◽  
Juan Gao ◽  
Zhong Yuan Zhang ◽  
Feng Lin Zuo ◽  
Wei Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
Relationship Of

In order to relieve water shortage, many countries develop water-saving industries and increase water use rate of irrigation. The research on soil water infiltration has important effect on infiltration and runoff, as well as for irrigation. The study carried out in Liangping district of Chongqing by using double ring infiltration method and exploring the reasonable infiltration model in the study area. The relationship of initial soil moisture and irrigation coefficient was studied as well. The results showed that: the Kostiakov empirical formula could simulate the process of soil water infiltration properly. The soil infiltration rate of Liangping is 0.0320cm/min in the selected location.

scholarly journals Karst bare slope soil erosion and soil quality: a simulation case study

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 985-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Dai ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
H. Shao ◽  
Z. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Seepage Rate ◽  
Rainfall Duration ◽  
Sediment Production ◽  
Correlation Degree ◽  
Slope Runoff

Abstract. The influence on soil erosion by different bedrock bareness ratios, different rainfall intensities, different underground pore fissure degrees and rainfall duration are researched through manual simulation of microrelief characteristics of karst bare slopes and underground karst crack construction in combination with artificial simulation of rainfall experiment. The results show that firstly, when the rainfall intensity is small (30 and 50 mm h−1), no bottom load loss is produced on the surface, and surface runoff, underground runoff and sediment production are increased with the increasing of rainfall intensity. Secondly, surface runoff and sediment production reduced with increased underground pore fissure degree, while underground runoff and sediment production increased. Thirdly, raindrops hit the surface, forming a crust with rainfall duration. The formation of crusts increases surface runoff erosion and reduces soil infiltration rate. This formation also increases surface-runoff-erosion-damaged crust and increased soil seepage rate. Raindrops continued to hit the surface, leading the formation of crust. Soil permeability showed volatility which was from reduction to increases, reduction, and so on. Surface and subsurface runoff were volatile with rainfall duration. Fourthly, when rock bareness ratio is 50 % and rainfall intensities are 30 and 50 mm h−1, runoff is not produced on the surface, and the slope runoff and sediment production present a fluctuating change with increased rock bareness ratio. Fifthly, the correlation degree between the slope runoff and sediment production and all factors are as follows: rainfall intensity-rainfall duration-underground pore fissure degree–bedrock bareness ratio.

Storage-Infiltration Effect of Rainfall for Sunken Greenbelt in Urban Road

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 1216-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Zhu Zhang ◽  
Hui Min Li ◽  
Gui Fei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factors ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Recurrence Interval ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
Design Program ◽  
Changchun City

In order to study the storage-infiltration effect of rainfall for sunken greenbelt in urban road, its storage-infiltration capacity of rainfall runoff was analyzed based on the rainfall balance equation of urban road in the time interval, and then the computational formulae of storage-infiltration rate was derived. Influence factors on storage-infiltration rate, such as design recurrence interval of rainfall, soil infiltration coefficient, greenbelt rate, and depth of sunken greenbelt, etc. were computed and analyzed by using the derived computational formulae with the rainfall intensity of Changchun city. Results show that: on the same condition, storage-infiltration rate of rainfall for sunken greenbelt in urban road increases linearly with the increase of soil infiltration coefficient, greenbelt rate, and depth of sunken greenbelt, and decreases with the increase of design recurrence interval of rainfall. Sunken greenbelt with depth of 0.05 ~ 0.25m can storage-infiltrate all of the rainfall that falls on the urban road when the greenbelt rate of urban road ranges from 20% to 40%. Eco-design program of sunken greenbelt in urban road is reasonable and feasible, and its storage-infiltration effect of rainfall is remarkable.

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