scholarly journals Crafting nature: the Galapagos and the making and unmaking of a "natural laboratory"

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Local People ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Government ◽  
Natural Laboratory

Since Charles Darwin's famous visit to the Galapagos the reputation of the archipelago has been growing in the Western imagination as a place where one can study and understand evolutionary processes.  Scientists who were concerned with collecting and classifying animals and plants from the Galapagos, with the support of UNESCO and other international organizations and universities, created the Charles Darwin Foundation in 1959. That same year, the Ecuadorian Government founded the Galapagos National Park, in charge of protecting 97% of the Archipelago's terrestrial area. Since its beginning the GNP sought to restore degraded ecosystems and thus craft a "natural laboratory". Part of the plan to protect the flora and fauna of the Islands included the creation of a large tourism industry based on cruises that go from island to island.  Conservationists' efforts in the 1980s and 1990s focused on protecting the oceans around the Galapagos and controlling and managing fishing for sea cucumbers, lobsters and sharks. Local people, and in particular the fishermen, resisted the efforts made by the government, conservationists, and the booming and powerful tourism industry, to impose a globalized conservation strategy and discourse and to control and limit local residents' activities. They developed new forms of resistance, appropriation and negotiation to deal with the government and the different conservation organizations.  As extractive activities became illegal and criminalized and as fishing became less important from an economic point of view, local people, including the fishermen, began to view tourism as an important alternative economic pursuit. During the late 1990s new decision making bodies emphasized consensus and instituted a participatory management system in the Galapagos Marine Reserve. These organisms were not entirely successful, however, and conflicts and tensions reemerged after their creation. Despite their participation in these organisms, many local people felt ignored and marginalized while many managers and conservationists felt that locals, and especially the fishermen, had been abusing the system and the management process. The "Galapagos Paradox" results from a process by which the very same conditions that cause the Galapagos to attract the attention of scientists, conservationists and of tourists, are being put at risk by the success of its reputation and the increasing number of residents and visitors.  These visitors and residents threaten the isolation of the archipelago, which has been critical in maintaining the uniqueness of the islands.Key words: Galapagos, national park, conservation, resistance, fishing. 

scholarly journals Photovoltaic Solar Systems in Multi-Headquarter Institutions: A Technical Implementation in Northeastern Brazil

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélio Henrique Cunha Pinheiro ◽  
Neilton Fidélis da Silva ◽  
David Alves Castelo Branco ◽  
Márcio Giannini Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
The Government ◽  
Education Science

The use of photovoltaic solar technology is increasingly widespread and consolidated worldwide, gaining significant interest in Brazil. Thanks to records of gradual photovoltaic system price decreases and the construction of legal frameworks favorable to their diffusion, urban and rural residential consumers, service companies, industries, and the government are progressively adhering to the use of this technology. In this context, it is important that institutions and companies with multiheadquarters discern whether it is more advantageous, from both a technical and economic point of view, to disperse photovoltaic systems throughout all of their headquarters or to centralize them in the offices presenting the best energy efficiency. The present study aims at answering this question. To this end, indicators recorded in the Institute of Education Science and Technology (IFRN)-Solar Project implemented by the Rio Grande do Norte Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, in Brazil, where 2 MWp of photovoltaic solar energy are installed in 19 of its 22 headquarters, were evaluated. The PVWatts Software, energy measurements at the different plant installation locations and technical performance parameters recurrent in the literature, as well as the Discounted Payback Method were used herein. The results indicate that system centralization in the best-evaluated sites (7 campi) will, in 25 years, provide a 9.07% energy supply gain, a 112.96% financial gain, and a payback reduction of 8.9 years when compared to the alternative comprising generation unit dispersion throughout the 19 campi.

scholarly journals Citizen Action as a Driving Force of Change. The Meninas of Canido, Art in the Street as an Urban Dynamizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
María José Piñeira Mantiñán ◽  
Francisco R. Durán Villa ◽  
Ramón López Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Neighborhood Association ◽  
Urban Art ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Western Spain ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

The austerity policies imposed by the government in the wake of the 2007 crisis have deteriorated the welfare state and limited neighborhood recovery. Considering the inability and inefficiency on the part of administrations to carry out improvement actions in neighborhoods, it is the neighborhood action itself that has carried out a series of resilient social innovations to reverse the dynamics. In this article, we will analyze the Canido neighborhood in Ferrol, a city in north-western Spain. Canido is traditional neighborhood that was experiencing a high degree of physical and social deterioration, until a cultural initiative called “Meninas of Canido,” promoted by one of its artist neighbors, recovered its identity and revitalized it from a physical, social, and economic point of view. Currently, the Meninas of Canido has become one of the most important urban art events in Spain and has receives international recognition. The aim of this article is to evaluate the impact that this action has had in the neighborhood. For this, we conducted a series of semi-structured interviews with the local administration, neighborhood association, the precursors of this idea, merchants, and some residents in general, in order to perceive the reception and evolution of this action.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI INSENTIF PAJAK UMKM DI ERA COVID-19 DI KECAMATAN GEDANGAN KABUPATEN SIDOARJO

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfi Huurin Iin ◽  
Septrian Jihan Aulia Fistabella ◽  
Adellia Nanda Savira ◽  
Kalvin Edo Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Tax Incentive ◽  
Incentive Policy ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

It is known that the people's economy has experienced a significant decline due to the Covid -19 Pandemic which has spread in various regions in Indonesia. From an economic point of view, we found that there was a decrease in income felt by UMKM actors, one of which was in the Gedangan Sub-District, Sidoarjo District which was caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. So that we are interested in examining how the efforts made by the Government through the Ministry of Finance regarding Final Income Tax Incentives to deal with the decline in income faced by UMKM’s. This study aims to determine how the implementation of the Final PPh Tax Incentive policy for UMKM’s during the current Covid-19 pandemic and to find out how the impact felt by UMKM’s regarding the Final Income Tax incentives issued by the Indonesian Minister of Finance. The method we use in this research is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques using interviews and observations. The results of this study indicate that the tax incentive policy can not be felt by UMKM actors in Gedangan District, this is due to the lack of socialization provided, resulting in their lack of knowledge about this policy and what conditions they must have to get tax incentives issued by the Ministry of Finance.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE "SOME" MODEL (SHARE, OPTIMIZE, MANAGE, ENGAGE) INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT @tnlkep Kepulauanseribu IN THE FRAMEWORK OF DIGITAL PROMOTION OF A THOUSAND ISLANDS MARINE PARK AS AN ECO-TOURISM DESTINATION FOR THE MILLENIAL GENERATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Yunita Sari ◽  
Mediana Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
National Park ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Marine Park ◽  
Circular Model ◽  
Engagement Process ◽  
Thousand Islands ◽  
The Government

The fact that millennial generation is the breadwinner of the Indonesian economy cannot be ignored by the government and tourism industry businesses. The Thousand Islands Marine National Park seeks to use Instagram social media to attract potential tourists from millennial groups. A total of 110 @tnlkepulauaneribu uploads were then analyzed with descriptive qualitative research methods to find out how Gina Lutrell's SOME (Sharring, Optimize, Manage, Engagement) Model was used in managing the Instagram account communication @tnlkep Kepulauan Seribu as an effort to digitally promote the Thousand Islands National Park as an Ecotourism Destination for Generations Millennial. The results of this study indicate that the manager of the @tnlkepulauanseribu account has not implemented The Circular Model of SOME to the fullest. The engagement process (is the process that is at least maximally carried out. This can be seen from the lack of adequate engagement to nurture and create new followers. There are not many communication activities that can have a binding impact on followers and prospective followers of the @tnlkepulauanseribu account.

scholarly journals Implementasi Kebijakan Pengembangan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Karimunjawa

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-259
Author(s):  
Sri Nurhayati Qodriyatun
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
National Park ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Jobs

Tourism has been the backbone of Indonesia’s economy in the last three years.Contribution of tourism to national GDP is expected to increase to 15% by 2019. Those target is encouraging the development of tourism in many tourist potential areas, such as Karimunjawa. Karimunjawa is an area of 27 small islands including 22 protected islands within the area (Karimunjawa National Park). The Government has made policies in the development of tourism on small islands. The problem is on the implementation of those policy in Karimunjawa from the point of view of policy maker, policy implementer, and target group (Karimunjawa community). The result of a qualitative research conducted in 2018 on tourism development in Karimunjawa showed that tourism development in Karimunjawa has not been sustainable. Even though it has opened up new jobs and added income to the community, there has been changes of community’s values and environmental damage on some spot areas. There is a need for an integrated plan that involves many sectors and stakeholders. The plan includes spatial planning, calculation of its carrying capacity (ecological, physical, and social), analysis or study on environmental impact, utilization of natural resources in an environmentally friendly manner, and roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder involved in tourism development. There is also a need for visitor quota based on the calculation of carrying capacity as well as additional attractions to increase the length of tourist visits. AbstrakPariwisata telah menjadi backbone perekonomian Indonesia dalam tiga tahun terakhir. Pemerintah menargetkan kontribusi sektor pariwisata terhadap PDB nasional meningkat menjadi 15% pada tahun 2019. Target tersebut mendorong dikembangkannya pariwisata di daerah-daerah yang memiliki potensi pariwisata, seperti Karimunjawa. Karimunjawa merupakan daerah kepulauan dengan 27 pulau kecil di dalamnya dengan 22 pulau di antaranya berada dalam kawasan konservasi (Taman Nasional Karimunjawa). Pemerintah telah menyusun kebijakan untuk pengembangan pariwisata di pulau-pulau kecil agar berkelanjutan. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana implementasi kebijakan tersebut dalam pengembangan pariwisata di Karimunjawa dilihat dari sudut pandang penyusun kebijakan, pelaksana kebijakan, dan target group (masyarakat Karimunjawa). Penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan pada tahun 2018 terhadap pengembangan pariwisata di Karimunjawa memperlihatkan bahwa pengembangan pariwisata di Karimunjawa belum berkelanjutan. Karena meskipun secara ekonomi telah membuka lapangan kerja baru dan menambah penghasilan di masyarakat, namun secara sosial telah terjadi perubahan nilai dalam masyarakat dan secara ekologis telah terjadi kerusakan lingkungan. Perlu ada satu perencanaan yang terintegrasi yang melibatkan berbagai sektor dan stakeholders. Perencanaan tersebut memuat penataan ruangnya, perhitungan daya dukungnya (daya dukung ekologis, daya dukung fisik, dan daya dukung sosial), studi AMDAL atau UKL/UPL nya, pemanfaatan sumber daya alam secara ramah lingkungan, serta peran dan tanggung jawab dari setiap stakeholders yang terlibat dalam pengembangan pariwisata. Selain itu, perlu ada penetapan kuota pengunjung didasarkan perhitungan daya dukung dan menambah atraksi untuk meningkatkan lama kunjungan wisata.

scholarly journals RURAL TOURISM – EMPOWERING LOCAL PEOPLE AND FOSTERING COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Dr. Srijib Shankar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Local People ◽  
Global Industry ◽  
Historical Monuments

With its rich cultural heritage, historical monuments, and natural resources, India is a world-renowned tourist destination. India’s tourism industry has emerged as a major economic driver, generating significant foreign exchange earnings. Tourism is a major global industry, contributing 11% of global GDP. Rural tourism in India has enormous potential due to India’s vast rural diversity. Rural tourism in India is envisioned to create jobs and a vibrant local economy by reviving old art and crafts and preserving rural India culture. A counter-urbanization syndrome has developed as a result of the stress of city living. This has sparked a surge of interest in rural areas. Other causes, such as increased wellness awareness, greater interest in heritage and culture, enhanced accessibility, and environmental sensitivity, are all contributing to the trend toward rural tourism. Following COVID-19, tourist recovery usually begins at a local level. Before there is a strong demand for foreign travel, tourists opt to stay closer to home for a weekend escape or travel locally. Road trips may become more popular. Drive-ins are more likely to be chosen by families and children, especially on weekends and during short vacations. This paper attempts explore the process of Rural Tourism from the point of view of empowering local people and fostering community development. KEYWORDS : Rural Tourism, community development, sustainability, empowerment.

scholarly journals Gauge Policy of the Colonial Government: A Reappraisal

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-131
Author(s):  
Gautam Kumar Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
British Government ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
British Rule ◽  
The Government ◽  
Colonial Government

The gauge policy of the British government, from the very beginning of the construction of railways in India to the end of British rule, was a much more controversial issue. The higher authority of the government always considered the matter from an economic point of view and did not give any importance to the convenience and comfort of the passengers as well as of the serious evils of the break of gauge. It was assumed that the inconvenience of a break of gauge was confined to the actual handling change of transshipment, the amount being equivalent to a few miles of extra haulage. But the main evil of the break of gauge was much graver. When an all India gauge policy was needed to solve the aforesaid problems, the colonial government did nothing in this direction and consciously showed indifference regarding the haphazard policy of gauge.

scholarly journals STREET VENDORS EXTERNALITIES

AdBispreneur ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutarjo
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Tragedy Of The Commons ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Commons ◽  
The Government

There are externalities as a result of street vendors economic activities. The externalities may be negatives and may be positives.The method used to collect data through literature and the data collected is secondary data from reports and research publication. Negative externalities caused by the street vendors are accessibility of public spaces, garbage, open space inharmony, dirty and untidy, traffic congestion, pedestrian interference and the possibility of diseases due to lack of sanitation. Tragedy of the commons happened due to excessive uses of public facilities resulting in reduced or loss of its function. The Positive externalities are generate jobs, as a distributor, security, bring the servicecloser to the customers and means of recreation. In the newinstitutional economic point of view, the government needs to intervene as a governing body to avoid the tragedy of the commons over excessive use of public resources in the form of an open area which supposed to be able to be utilised by the society.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on Tourism in Sauraha, Chitwan, Nepal

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-141
Author(s):  
Ramesh Raj Kunwar ◽  
Krishna Raj Adhikari ◽  
Bhim Bahadur Kunwar
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
First Case ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Chitwan National Park ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
The Government

Tourism destinations in the world are facing different challenges like natural disasters, conflicts, terrorism, economic crisis, and pandemic affecting the various aspect of international tourism needs. The coronavirus was emerged in Hubai, China at the end of 2019, remained a life-threatening outbreak and a major public health issue. In Nepal, the first case of COVID-19 was seen on January 23, 2020, and as part of the containment strategy suggested by WHO, the Government of Nepal imposed lockdown from March 24, 2020, made policies and regulations to control the national and international border (land & air). The Government also requested its citizens to maintain social distance and restrict the movement of people that has affected the Nepalese tourism sector severely. Chitwan is one of the most important wildlife-based tourism destinations of Nepal after the establishment of Chitwan National Park (CNP) and Sauraha is the main point to enter and visit Chitwan National Park. The tourism sector in Sauraha is also pretentious due to the COVID-19 pandemic. What is the status of tourism in Sauraha before and during the Pandemic? The objective of this study is to know how has COVID-19 impacted on tourism in Sauraha in particular and Chitwan National Park in general. For the research, researchers have adopted a qualitative research approach. Primary and secondary data were collected and interviewed 30 respondents representing various sectors of tourism and hospitality in Sauraha. Findings reveal that the outbreak of pandemic has brought huge negative impact by a rapid shutdown on the tourism industry in Sauraha and this has resulted in the loss of revenue, increase unemployment, frustration, and poverty among local people as well as gave positive things like health awareness, consensus on business, time for training and maintenance of infrastructures, etc.

De crisis in de staalnijverheid : pogingen tot opvijzelen en beleidskeuzen

Res Publica ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-356
Author(s):  
Jef Maton
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Steel Making ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Political Compromise ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

The Belgian steel industry falls apart into four groups. The Flemish industry consists mainly of a very modern steel plant Sidmar near the port of Ghent controlled by the industrial holding Arbed. The Walloon industry falls apart into three basins : Cockerill in Liège; the holy triangleof Charleroi, controlled by Frère-Bourgeois, Cobepa (Paribas) and Bruxelles-Lambert (this three holdings being associated in the Financière du Ruau) ; the independents.In the Walloon industry the successive processes of steel making are distributed over a great number of plants, most of the equipment is outdated, labour relations are bad and so is management.The finances required to renew this ancient industry are so large that the holdings cannot do so without the aid of the Belgian Government and the European Communities.Beginning of 1977, Davignon (CEE), proposes to freeze the production and market shares of the member countries, and to increase the European steel price by EEC tariff measures, in this way protecting the low productivity concerns ; not in the least the walloon concerns.  The European Communities promise financial help for restructuring.The implicit condition is comparative advantage of enterprises. In the Belgian context, this would mean that Sidmar would be extended and part of the Walloon industry closed down. The next move of the Brussels-Walloon concerns is, therefore, to corner Sidmar.During the course of 1977 and the first half of 1978 the Government negotiates with employers and unions a restructuring plan and general steel agreement, the «Plan Claes». The plan foresees in a lasting ceiling imposed on Sidmar; in a very large fiow of restructuring aid,mainly from public funds and the set-up of an intricate network of semi-governmental institutions.The Plan Claes is a purely political compromise. From the economic point of view, the plan wilt only speed up the definite emigration of traditional steel making processes towards the semi-industrialized countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document