scholarly journals An evaluation of the effectiveness of nudge techniques in improving hygiene behaviours in Kindergartens

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
Natalija Rozman ◽  
Branka Strah ◽  
Mojca Jevšnik
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Hygienic Behaviour ◽  
Hygiene Behaviour ◽  
Childcare Workers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Good Hygiene

Abstract Good hygiene practice is an important element in terms of preventing the spread of infections, but it is not always carried out according to instructions among employees in hygienically sensitive work processes. To improve this, tools for nudging hygienic behaviour have been developed, which subconsciously encourage the individual to perform the desired hygienic behaviour. Examples of activity where employees and children constantly come into contact with pathogenic microorganisms are educational institutions (kindergartens). By observing the working process in the selected kindergartens, we wanted to determine the time, technique, and frequency of handwashing among childcare workers and children. In the case of the first ones, we wanted to find out whether they also wear personal protective work equipment. Based on the findings, we wanted to implement the selected nudging tools for better hygiene behaviour. In the first half of the observation, we found that the hygienic behaviour regarding handwashing of childcare workers and children is poor. After setting the nudging tools, hygienic behaviour improved in all the observed groups. The results suggest that the use of nudging tools in kindergartens can significantly contribute to the better implementation of hygienic behaviour (especially handwashing) in childcare workers and children. Consequently, we conclude that with the tools for promoting hygiene behaviour, the incidence of infectious diseases in kindergartens can be reduced. We can direct children towards the healthier and hygienically appropriate way of life by means of the appropriate hygiene behaviour.

The Students Value Attitude to Healthy Lifestyle

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Marina Anatolevna Mefodeva ◽  
Gulnara Firdusovna Valieva
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The relevance of the investigated problem is caused by the increased attention to the issues of a healthy lifestyle among students in Russia. Promotion of a healthy lifestyle, taking into account the individual interests and preferences of students can be embodied not only in the class but also in the framework of elective programs and courses, that are targeted on a healthy lifestyle. The authors reveal approaches, principles and pedagogical conditions for having a healthy lifestyle in the framework of training in educational institutions. The issues of bad habits influence the development and formation of a value attitude to a healthy lifestyle are considered.

Hospice Care in the United States: The Process Begins

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Buckingham
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Hospice Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Hospice Movement ◽  
Treatment Equipment ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
The Individual

The hospice concept represents a return to humanistic medicine, to care within the patient's community, for family-centered care, and the view of the patient as a person. Medical, governmental, and educational institutions have recognized the profound urgency for the advocacy of the hospice concept. As a result, a considerable change in policy and attitude has occurred. Society is re-examining its attitudes toward bodily deterioration, death, and decay. As the hospice movement grows, it does more than alter our treatment of the dying. Hospices and home care de-escalate the soaring costs of illness by reducing the individual and collective burdens borne by all health insurance policyholders. Because hospices and home care use no sophisticated, diagnostic treatment equipment, their overhead is basically for personal care and medication. Also, the patient is permitted to die with dignity. Studies indicated that the patient of a hospice program will not experience the anxiety, helplessness, inadequacy, and guilt as will an acute care facility patient. Consequently, a hospice program can relieve family members and loved ones of various psychological disorders.

Bringing Ergonomics to the Design of a Behavioural Care Unit

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Jacqueline B. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Final Design ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

The application of ergonomics is important when considering the built environment. In order to create an environment where form follows function, a detailed understanding of the tasks performed by the individuals who will live and work in the facility is required. Early involvement in the project is key to maximizing the benefit of ergonomics. At Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre in Toronto, Canada, this early intervention was embraced during the design process of a behavioural care unit for aggressive patients. The ergonomist was involved in three phases of design; user needs analysis, block schematics and detailed design. The user needs and characteristics were established using a combination of focus groups, interviews, direct observation, task analysis and critique of current working environments. The challenge was to present the information to the design team in a useful manner. The format chosen was a modification of Userfit (Poulson 1996) that outlined the various characteristics of the patient group and the design consequences with “what does this mean for me” statements. During the block schematics phase an iterative design process was used to ensure that the ergonomic principles and the user needs were incorporated into the design. Ergonomic input was used in determining the room sizes and layout and to ensure work processes were considered. Simple mock-ups and anthropometric data assisted in illustrating the need for design changes. Examples that highlight the areas of greatest impact of ergonomic intervention include the patient bathrooms, showers and tub room. Significant changes were made to the design to improve the safety of the work and living space of the end users. One of the greatest challenges was having an appreciation for the individual goals of the team members. Ensuring there was adequate space for equipment and staff often resulted in recommendations for increased space. This in turn would increase the cost of the project. The architect and, later in the project, the engineer had goals of bringing the project in on budget. The final design was very much a team effort and truly die result of an iterative process. The sum of the individual contributions could not match the combined efforts. It was only through the ergonomic contributions in this early design phase that the needs of the staff, patients and families could be so well represented. The success of the iterative process provides the foundation for bringing ergonomics considerations into the early design stages of future projects.

scholarly journals Consumer-run services research and implications for mental health care

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 410-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Segal ◽  
S. L. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Mental Health Consumers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Mental health consumers/survivors developed consumer-run services (CRSs) as alternatives to disempowering professionally run services that limited participant self-determination. The objective of the CRS is to promote recovery outcomes, not to cure or prevent mental illness. Recovery outcomes pave the way to a satisfying life as defined by the individual consumer despite repetitive episodes of disorder. Recovery is a way of life, which through empowerment, hope, self-efficacy, minimisation of self-stigma, and improved social integration, may offer a path to functional improvement that may lead to a better way to manage distress and minimise the impact of illness episodes. ‘Nothing about us without us’ is the defining objective of the process activity that defines self-help. It is the giving of agency to participants. Without such process there is a real question as to whether an organisation is a legitimate CRS or simply a non-governmental organisation run by a person who claims lived experience. In considering the effectiveness of CRSs, fidelity should be defined by the extent to which the organisation's process conveys agency. Unidirectional helping often does for people what they can do for themselves, stealing agency. The consequence of the lack of fidelity in CRSs to the origins of the self-help movement has been a general finding in multisite studies of no or little difference in outcomes attributable to the consumer service. This, from the perspective of the research summarised herein, results in the mixing of programmatic efforts, some of which enhance outcomes as they are true mutual assistance programmes and some of which degrade outcomes as they are unidirectional, hierarchical, staff-directed helping efforts making false claims to providing agency. The later CRS interventions may provoke disappointment and additional failure. The indiscriminate combining of studies produces the average: no effect.

scholarly journals Evaluation Methods in Teaching Translation by Saudi University Instructors under Coronavirus Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Eman Mohammad Mahmoud AlOneen
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Simple Observation ◽  
Assessment Tasks ◽  
University Instructors ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

Coronavirus pandemic has posed challenges in evaluating students’ performance in educational institutions all over the world. Therefore, university instructors may encounter some problems in evaluating their students fairly through online teaching since it was not an easy task before this worldly crisis. The current study aims at investigating the perspectives of instructors who teach translation courses at some Saudi universities towards the followed evaluation methods in teaching translation courses during Coronavirus pandemic. Two methods were used to collect data: simple observation and online questionnaire. The participants were 21 instructors from 10 Saudi universities. The findings of this study show that using machine translation and CAT tools by students in doing assessment tasks does not guarantee fairness among students during Coronavirus pandemic regardless of the nature of translation courses. In addition, online exams and assignments are less fair to show the individual differences among students compared with written exams before Coronavirus pandemic. To evaluate students’ performance in translation courses fairly, the participants of this study suggested some solutions such as modifying questions' patterns of some translation exams and assignments to cope with online teaching, emphasizing the importance of live sessions and online participation as assessment tasks for students during Coronavirus pandemic, using other evaluation methods such as live oral assessment, editing texts, multiple choice editing questions, etc. The study concludes with some recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals A new understanding of health and a healthy lifestyle: a holistic and existential-humanistic approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
Ekaterina I. Akimova ◽  
◽  
Anatoly G. Madzhuga ◽  
Raisa V. Shurupova ◽  
Elena L. Bueverova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Value Of Life ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Natural Interaction ◽  
Fundamental Goal ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Confronting current challenges, especially the COVID-19 pandemic, and striving to create a hopeful future – an era of life and active longevity – determine an urgent global need to implement the principles of humanity and create a new understanding of health and a healthy lifestyle, correlated with a fundamental respect for the dignity of life. Based on the idea of the relationship between health and a healthy lifestyle through the inherent value of the individual, embodying the intrinsic value of life, basic contradictions were identified: the contradiction between the understanding of health as a state of physical, mental, and social well-being and a healthy lifestyle, which focuses on the physical aspect of health, omitting the spiritual component; the contradiction between the numerous proposed strategies for a healthy lifestyle and the lack of a fundamental goal that expresses its value-semantic result. In the aspect of philosophical-methodological ideas about health and a healthy lifestyle, their essential binding element was defined – the good that embodies the result of the ultimate aspiration of a person. The resolution of the basic contradictions revealed in the analysis of philosophical-methodological ideas about health and a healthy lifestyle made it possible to present new, clearer definitions of health and a healthy lifestyle: health is a good that allows a person to embody the value of life in a specific reality; a healthy lifestyle is an individual way of life, which is based on a person’s respect for the dignity of life and creates a benefit to him/herself and others, gaining the joy of existence. A new concept of a healthy lifestyle was developed, which defined the joy of existence as its fundamental goal, implemented by a person through the creation of good for oneself and others in a system of socio-cultural and natural interaction based on respect for the dignity of life.

scholarly journals Utilising Content Marketing Metrics and Social Networks for Academic Visibility

2017 ◽  
pp. 109-126
Author(s):  
Mark Anthony Camilleri
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Research Evaluation ◽  
Factor H ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Academic Standing ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Scholarly Impact ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Content Marketing

There are numerous assumptions on research evaluation in terms of quality and relevance of academic contributions. Researchers are becoming increasingly acquainted with bibliometric indicators, including; citation analysis, impact factor, h-index, webometrics and academic social networking sites. In this light, this chapter presents a review of these concepts as it considers relevant theoretical underpinnings that are related to the content marketing of scholars. Therefore, this contribution critically evaluates previous papers that revolve on the subject of academic reputation as it deliberates on the individual researchers' personal branding. It also explains how metrics are currently being used to rank the academic standing of journals as well as higher educational institutions. In a nutshell, this chapter implies that the scholarly impact depends on a number of factors including accessibility of publications, peer review of academic work as well as social networking among scholars.

scholarly journals The Individualist Power and Adaptive New Religious Movement: Scientology Individual as an Ethical Subject

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Ofer Parchev
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Description ◽  
Religious Movement ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Liberal Society ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Practical Operation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Religion

New religion movements are one of the most interesting social phenomena in recent decades. As an alternative communal and individualist way of life, these movements offer a transcendental, non-secular way of life that challenges the values of liberal society while remaining within its legal and normative boundaries. In the course of this paper, and by using an analytical description of Foucault’s assumptions, I will examine the discursive and practical operation of the Scientology Church as a new religion movement that transcends the individual subject. I will describe the themes of Scientology as pastoral techniques, and its neo-liberal subjective constitution as a part of the conservative, normative mechanism of modern Western society, while arguing that they pose, at the same time, a potential ethical alternative that subverts the epistemological boundaries of Western liberal society.

scholarly journals The development of youth spirituality in the modern realities of Russian society

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-292
Author(s):  
Lyubov Konstantinovna Fortova ◽  
Anna Mikhailovna Yudina ◽  
Natalya Ivanovna Evsyukova
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Personal Paradigm ◽  
Intelligence Development ◽  
Educated Person

This paper discusses the problems that inhibit the development of spirituality in the youth, shows the role of educational institutions for young peoples moral stability development, reveals a personal paradigm that initiates self-actualization and improvement of students for socialization in modern Russian society. The paper analyzes the problems of spirituality and intelligence development in Russian universities. It is argued that the presence of spirituality creates a barrier to destructive social phenomena, while intelligence represents the internal and external culture, dignity and morality of the individual. The paper emphasizes that spirituality and intelligence should be protected by the individual from the destructive influence of the criminal environment and dubious offers. Students relying on the theory of reactance must learn to say no. It is noted that according to students the significant components of spirituality are the desire to develop their country, national virtues, the less significant ones are the willingness to sacrifice personal interests for the interests of the fatherland. The role of a comfortable psychological environment in the development of self-education, self-criticism, self-actualization of student youth is shown. It is postulated that an educated person respects other people, recognizes their intrinsic value, originality, meaning and dignity.

scholarly journals Model of Development of Self-determination as the Basis of Prevention of Addictive Behavior of Adolescents in Contemporary Educational Organizations

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
N.A. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Addictive Behavior ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
The Individual

The article presents the analysis of the current domestic research of the problem of self-determination. It is shown that adolescence is a sensitive period for the development of self-determination, but there are not enough studies of its dynamics at this age and ways of the formation. Self-determination is considered in the article as the opposite of addictive behavior, which makes it a resource in terms of prevention of pathological dependencies. Therefore, the proposed approach to optimization of the system of prevention in educational institutions through the development of self-determination in adolescence, based on the development of the spiritual fulfillment of the individual as the main stage of formation of the self. A model of interaction between education experts in the course of prevention of addictive behavior in educational organizations, reflecting the main stages of development of self-determination in the course of maintenance work.

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