scholarly journals Succession of Xeric Calcareous Grassland Toward Thermophilous Oak Forest: The Case of Abava Valley, West Latvia

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-281
Author(s):  
Māris Laiviņš ◽  
Agnese Priede ◽  
Dārta Kaupe ◽  
Andis Lazdiņš
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Succession ◽  
Natural Transformation ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Calcareous Grassland ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Abstract The succession of semi-natural xeric calcareous grassland plant communities toward deciduous forest communities is poorly studied in Latvia. There is insufficient knowledge on the natural transformation of dry calcareous grasslands of Festuco-Brometea into thermophilous quasi-climax oak forest communities of Quercetea pubescentis that are very rare in Latvia. In this paper, a geobotanical study is presented that included studies of soils, tree age, spatial pattern of trees, vegetation composition of different succession stages, and analysis of environmental factors. The study was conducted in the Abava Valley, West Latvia, an area that is unique with species-rich xeric calcareous Festuco-Brometea grasslands, thermophilous oak forests dominated by Quercus robur, and intermediate secondary succession stages with young to medium-aged Juniperus communis and Pinus sylvestris formations.

scholarly journals Phytocenological and edaphic characteristics of sessile oak forests on Miroc Mt in northeastern Serbia

2013 ◽  
pp. 27-55
Author(s):  
Rade Cvjeticanin ◽  
Olivera Kosanin ◽  
Milun Krstic ◽  
Marko Perovic ◽  
Marijana Novakovic-Vukovic
Keyword(s):  
Beech Forest ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Natural Stands

This research was carried out in natural stands of sessile oak (Quercus petraea agg. Ehrendorfer 1967) on Miroc mountain. Three comunities were investigated: Pure sessile oak forest (Quercetum montanum Cer. et Jov. 1953. s.l.), sessile oak-common hornbeam forest (Querco-Carpinetum moesiacum Rud. 1949. s.l.) and sessile oak-balkan beech forest (Querco-Fagetum Glis. 1971). Pure sessile oak forests are found on the following soils: dystric ranker and acid cambic soil on sandstone, dystric ranker and acid cambisols on phyllite, and acid cambic soil on schists. Sessile oak-hornbeam forests grow on sandstone, granite and schists. Sessile oak-beech forests are found on acid cambisol on phyllite and sandstone conglomerate. Various ecological conditions (exposition, slope, altitude, soil types and bedrock) on Mt Miroc caused the occurence of diverse sessile oak forest communities, while different states of these forest stands resulted from the implementation of management measures.

Tree-Ring Formation, Radial Increment Periodicity, and Phenology of Tree Species from a Seasonal Semi-Deciduous Forest in Southeast Brazil

IAWA Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio S. Lisi ◽  
Mário Tomazello Fo ◽  
Paulo C. Botosso ◽  
Fidel A. Roig ◽  
Vivian R.B. Maria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Rings ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Southeast Brazil

Many tropical tree species produce growth rings in response to seasonal environmental factors that influence the activity of the vascular cambium. We applied the following methods to analyze the annual nature of treering formation of 24 tree species from a seasonal semi-deciduous forest of southeast Brazil: describing wood anatomy and phenology, counting tree rings after cambium markings, and using permanent dendrometer bands. After 7 years of systematic observations and measurements, we found the following: the trees lost their leaves during the dry season and grew new leaves at the end of the same season; trunk increment dynamics corresponded to seasonal changes in precipitation, with higher increment (active period) during the rainy season (October–April) and lower increment (dormant period) during the dry season (May–September); the number of tree rings formed after injuries to the cambium coincided with the number of years since the extraction of the wood samples. As a result of these observations, it was concluded that most study trees formed one growth ring per year. This suggests that tree species from the seasonal semi-deciduous forests of Brazil have an annual cycle of wood formation. Therefore, these trees have potential for use in future studies of tree age and radial growth rates, as well as to infer ecological and regional climatic conditions. These future studies can provide important information for the management and conservation of these endangered forests.

scholarly journals The Potential of EnMAP and Sentinel-2 Data for Detecting Drought Stress Phenomena in Deciduous Forest Communities

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 14227-14258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Dotzler ◽  
Joachim Hill ◽  
Henning Buddenbaum ◽  
Johannes Stoffels
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Sentinel 2

scholarly journals Inventario florístico del Cerro El Cebú y zonas adyacentes en la Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo (Polígono V), Chiapas, México

2017 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Jorge Martínez-Meléndez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Pérez-Farrera ◽  
Oscar Farrera-Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Red List ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Oak Forest

A total of 502 species that belong to 115 families and 301 genera were recorded for Mt. El Cebu and adjacent zones in Polygon V of the El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve. The most speciose families were Orchiclaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Bromeliaceae and polypodiaceae with 58, 29, 28, 17, and 17 species, respectively. Six plant communities were recognized in the area, among which the cloud forest was the most diverse with 234 species, followed by pine-oak fore st with 150 species, and the tropical rain forest with 127. The oak forest and the tropical deciduous forest were less diverse, with 71 and 39 species, respectively. Only 13 species are included in the Mexican red list of endangered taxa.

scholarly journals Unveiling the conservation status of the sessile oak forest for their protection and management in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e70549
Author(s):  
Jordi Bou ◽  
Lluís Vilar
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Current Conservation ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Characteristic Species

The sessile oak forests found on the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula are ascribed to the Lathyro-Quercetumpetraeae association and play a key role in understanding the ecology of this habitat, as this region represents its xeric limit. For this reason, we analysed the biodiversity patterns and current conservation status of the sessile oak forests in the region. To do so, we collected Braun-Blanquet inventories of 34 plots randomly distributed throughout the sessile oak forests. The results showed a relationship between the climatic conditions and the biodiversity variables. While the richness of the community increased with decreasing temperatures, the characteristic species found within the community decreased at these same temperatures. This result was due to the presence of most companion species in the cool zones at high elevations.Sessile oaks are found close to other communities, such as silver birches and Scot pine forests.On the other hand, in the warm areas at low elevations, the sessile oak community was more established, with plants typical of this type of forest. These slightly warmer zones with sessile oaks are very important in terms of conservation and more vulnerable to climate change and the thermophilization of the community, as has been studied. As such, protecting and managing these forests is key to conserving this community. Nevertheless, as current protection measures do not safeguard most of these forests, it is essential to define a conservation strategy to preserve them. Using the conservation status, we have established criteria to improve the conservation strategy for sessile oak forest on the NE Iberian Peninsula.

scholarly journals Sessile oak forest plant community changes on the NE Iberian Peninsula over recent decades

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 894-906
Author(s):  
Jordi Bou ◽  
Lluís Vilar
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Ne Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Coastal Range

AbstractAimsOur aims were 3-fold: (i) to determine whether global change has altered the composition and structure of the plant community found in the sessile oak forests on the NE Iberian Peninsula over the last decades, (ii) to establish whether the decline in forest exploitation activities that has taken place since the mid-20th century has had any effect on the forests and (iii) to ascertain whether there is any evidence of impact from climate warming.MethodsWe assess changes in the plant community by comparing a current survey of sessile oak forest with a historical data set obtained from previous regional studies dating from 1962 to 1977. We analyse the regional changes in the community in terms of biodiversity variables, species composition and plant traits. Furthermore, plants traits such as plant life forms and chorological groups are used to discern any effects from land-use changes and climate warming on the plant community.Important FindingsThere has been a loss of diversity in the community and, in the hottest region, there is also a loss of species richness. The composition of the community suggests that, although significant changes have taken place over recent decades, these changes differ between regions as a result of the low impact global change has had in the western regions. For instance, while the tree canopy cover in the western sessile oak forests remains stable, the eastern sessile oak forests are still recovering from the former exploitation that led to a loss of their rich and abundant herbaceous stratum. In fact, the recovery process in the Catalan Pre-Coastal Range has constituted an increase in the Euro-Siberian plants typical to this community. Moreover, in the eastern forests, there is evidence that climate warming has impacted the thermophilization of the sessile oak forests found on the Coastal Range.

scholarly journals Does Protection Really Matter? A Case Study from Central European Oak Forests

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Kamila Reczyńska ◽  
Krzysztof Świerkosz
Keyword(s):  
Oak Forests ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
The Face ◽  
Phytosociological Relevés ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
The One ◽  
Duration Of Protection

In the face of a rapidly changing global environment, detailed research into the actual role of protected areas (PAs) in preventing the destruction of ecosystems and the loss of biodiversity became particularly important. Using 304 phytosociological relevés of oak forests from SW Poland, we monitored their state of preservation reflected by the share of synanthropes (Ws-c index) in relation to (i) duration of protection, (ii) status of protected area, (iii) main topographic factors, and (iv) bedrock type. We show that the Ws-c index of studied forests depends primarily on the habitat conditions, especially bedrock type, while both the duration and status of protection are not relevant. The most disturbed are forests developing on serpentine substrates regardless of whether they are protected or not. Within the rest of the investigated sites, the Ws-c index is significantly lower and does not meaningfully differ between protected and unprotected areas. On the one hand, our results suggest that the fact of establishing protection does not ensure a favourable state of conservation of forest communities. On the other hand, well-preserved forest communities can also be expected outside PAs what makes them an important target for nature protection in the future.

Litter Production in Two Tropical Deciduous Forest Communities at Varanasi, India

Oikos ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 570 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Gaur ◽  
H. N. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Forest Communities

Large herbivores control the invasive potential of nonnative Austrian black pine in a mixed deciduous Mediterranean forest

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Chauchard ◽  
Gaëlle Pille ◽  
Christopher Carcaillet
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
Eastern Pyrenees

The invasive potential of the nonnative Austrian black pine (Pinus nigra subsp. nigra Arn.) was analyzed in a 100-year-old Mediterranean mixed deciduous forest in the Massane Nature Reserve, eastern Pyrenees (France). The reserve holds approximately 120–150 semiferal cattle (Bos taurus L.) that browse and trample the woody regeneration. Tree age structure was assessed by dendrochronology to reconstruct the pine population dynamics in grazed and nongrazed (fenced in 1954) portions of the forested reserve. The age structure of the pine population regenerating before 1960 was similar between the inside and outside of the enclosed reserve area. Since 1960, pine recruitment has occurred only in the nongrazed area. The diameter variability with age changed since the 19th century. For pines less than 20 years old, the diameter variability is low, whereas it is very high for individuals older than 100 years. Diverse forest structural changes (composition, canopy height, density, etc.) likely explain the variability in diameter at a given age. Cattle do not appear to affect tree growth as it is similar inside and outside the fenced area, but they control the regeneration of nonnative Austrian black pines, which can spread in the absence of cattle. If nonnative black pine poses a risk for forest conservation, large herbivores may play a useful role in maintaining this species at low abundance.

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