Yield of crops of grain crop rotation depending on basic tillage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I. Belenkov ◽  
◽  
S.V. Zhelezova ◽  
D.V. Bereza
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Grain Crop

The article considers the issues of the influence of the main tillage on the yield of crops of grain-tilled crop rotation: vetch-oat mixture - winter wheat - potatoes - barley. It was found that in addition to the reception of soil cultivation, the productivity of agrocenoses was also influenced by meteorological conditions.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF LIGHT-GRAY FOREST SOIL TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CROPS CULTIVATION FOR GRAIN-CROP ROTATION IN VOLGO-VYATSKY REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Aleksey Ivenin ◽  
Aleksandr Sakov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
No Till ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Energy Coefficient

The research was carried out in order to find new technological and technical solutions that ensure the energy efficiency of agriculture, stabilization and increase in the yield of agricultural crops for the rotation of grain crop rotation in Volga-Vyatka region. The field experiment was started in 2014 in Nizhny Novgorod region. The work was carried out in grain crop rotation: 1. mustard for seeds; 2. winter wheat; 3. soy; 4. spring wheat; 5. peas; 6. oats. The experimental scheme included 5 systems of tillage (factor A), differing in the methods of the main autumn tillage. For each system of soil cultivation, the influence of mineral fertilizers and destructors of plant residues (factor B) was determined. Against the background of natural soil fertility, the most energetically payback option of the main soil cultivation system is autumn plowing with a plow with dumps (energy coefficient 2.93). The use of a plow without plows, a Pottinger Synkro 5030 K chisel cultivator and a Discover XM 44660 nothad disc harrow in a soil cultivation system leads to a decrease in the energy coefficient to 2.84 ... 2.85; and the use of no-till technology - up to 1.88. Against the background of natural soil fertility, the greatest energy return was provided by systems with fall plowing, carried out both with a plow with dumps and without them, as well as with disking as the main soil cultivation in combination with the use of the biological product Stimix®Niva - energy coefficients were in the range of 3 , 03 ... 3.31. When using no-till technology, the highest value of this indicator was noted when N60P60K60 was applied separately (2.27) and together with the biological product Stimix®Niva (2.53). The maximum energy return in the experiment was recorded in the variant with the main tillage of the soil with a Pottinger chisel cultivator against the background of N60P60K60 together with the biological product Stimix®Niva - the average energy coefficient was 3.45

scholarly journals ​The Impact of Growing Legume Plants under Conditions of Biologization and Soil Cultivation on Chernozem Fertility and Productivity of Rotation Crops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almas Mukhametov ◽  
Nana Bekhorashvili ◽  
Aleksei Avdeenko ◽  
Alexey Mikhaylov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Oilseed Radish ◽  
Rotation Crops ◽  
The Impact

Background: The combined use of green manure and legumes in binary legume-crop mixtures allows farmers to efficiently produce a sufficient amount of human food and animal feed. The purpose of this study is examine how biologization and the use of different soil cultivation techniques in legume cropping affects chernozem soil fertility and productivity of rotation crops. Methods: The studies were conducted between 2017 and 2019 in 3 crop rotations. The first (control) crop rotation comprised of a clean fallow phase, winter wheat, barley and sunflower. The second crop rotation was that of green-manure fallow (clover), winter wheat, barley, sunflower and clover with oilseed radish as green manure. The third crop rotation included alfalfa, winter wheat combined with alfalfa, followed by barley, followed by sunflower and alfalfa with oilseed radish as green manure. Result: The three-year data indicated that there was an improvement in the physical properties of soil. The water resistance of soil aggregates increased by 9.7 per cent. There was a steady tendency towards an increase in detritus content (1.5 times), the amount of soil aggregates (one-third) and water resistance of the soil aggregates (9 per cent).

scholarly journals Influence of basic soil treatment methods on productivity of various links of grain crop rotation

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
N. I. Mamsirov ◽  
K. Kh. Khatkov ◽  
A. A. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Grain Crop

Crop rotation in agriculture plays an important role. It provides a certain opportunity to assess the state of agricultural production, to analyze the elements of agricultural technologies used in specific natural and climatic conditions, to identify drawbacks, if any, and reasonably direct them towards optimization. The article discusses topical issues of increasing the productivity of field crops in the links of crop rotation against the background of their placement in various ways of the main processing of merged leached chernozems. During 2016–2019 agricultural years studies were carried out to establish the optimal method of soil cultivation and determine the proportion of the influence of predecessors on the productivity of the main crop of the foothill zone of Adygea – winter wheat, in various links of the crop rotation. According to the results of the research, different efficiency of the considered links of graintilled crop rotation was established. So, higher indicators of crop rotation yield and the total yield of fodder units would be achieved against the background of plowing to a depth of 22–24 cm. If we judge the productivity of a particular link in the crop rotation by the yield of winter wheat, it should be noted that in the link «soya-winter wheat», it was maximum and amounted to 4,90–5,86 t/ha, and the average productivity of the unit was 4,80 t/ha of feed units.

scholarly journals Productivity of grain crop rotations in the landscape conditions of the Central Ciscaucasia

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
A. I. Khripunov ◽  
E. N. Obshchiya
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Winter Wheat Crop

Increasing the yield of the most profitable field crops and their placement in crop rotations is an urgent problem of agriculture. The purpose of the studies is to study the productivity of grain crop rotations with various saturation of winter wheat on various power backgrounds and landscape taxons in the zone of unstable moisturizing of the Stavropol Territory. Productivity of grain crop rotations depends on the developing weather conditions, the introduction of mineral fertilizers, saturation of crop rotations with winter wheat and location in the relief. The maximum yield of grain units was observed in crop rotations with winter crops. In crop rotation with a spring barley, they were collected by 3.5–4.2 с less. The use of fertilizers increased the collection of grain units on average by 4.9–6.1 c/ha. On the outskirts of the placard (A1) due to lower soil fertility the minimum collection of grain units was obtained (20.2 с). On average (A2) and lower (A3) slopes their fee increased by 11.7 c, or 57.9%, and by 14.5 c, or 71.8%. In the first crop rotation with 60% saturation of winter wheat the maximum yield of the grain of this culture was obtained. In the second and third crop rotation with 40% grain saturation wasassembled by 6.2–6.3 c less. Putting fertilizers in a dose of N40P40K40 increased the grain collection in the first crop rotation by 4.1, in the second — by 2.2 and in the third — by2.4 c, and according to taxons: on A1 — by1.4,on A2 — by3.6 and onA3 — by 3.8 c. According to the landscape taxons, the release of grain of winter wheat differed at 7.9–10.2 c with the maximum value on the lower slope. Upon the exit of the grain and feed units on all power backgrounds, 1st and 3rd crop turns were leading, and in the exit of the grain of winter wheat — crop rotation with 3 fields of winter wheat.

scholarly journals Distribution of root rot in grain crop rotation depending on the elements of cultivation technology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.B. Permyakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Root Rots ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Cultivation Technology

Species composition and pathogenicity of winter wheat rot in the grain crop rotation is given. The influence of the main tillage systems and preceding crops on the level of accumulation and spread of the root rots is given. The advantages of traditional cultivation technology are demonstrated.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CROP ROTATION WITH LUPINE AND BASIC SOIL CULTIVATION METHODS ON WEED INFESTATION OF SOWING IN BRYANSK REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Elena Isaeva ◽  
German YaGOVENKO ◽  
Olga Pedosich
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
South West ◽  
Weed Infestation

Tests have been done on gray forest soil in the South-West of the Non-Chernozem zone of Bryansk re-gion in the stationary experiment in the All-Russian Lupin Research Institute in 2015–2018. The aim of the test was to evaluate the effect of the intensity of the basic soil cultivation on crop weed infestation in lupin crop rotation. The experiment has been done during a rotation of the field crop rotation (winter wheat – bare oats – winter triticale – lupin) turned in time and space in the fields of white lupin and win-ter wheat where lupin has been cultivated as a predecessor. During the test years 7 weeds species have been fixed at tillering phase of winter wheat, its number made 9.4–15.4 units/m2. The number of the main weeds decreased to 11 species at the end of the vegetation season (at ripeness stage) and made 9.7–15.9 units/m2. There have been noticed 8 weeds species in white lupin crops, the number made 33.6–55.8 units/m2. The deep non-moldboard soil cultivation decreased weeds number in crop rotation. At dif-ferent basic soil cultivation 8 weeds species occurred in crops. The others were either in the deep non-moldboard soil cultivation or in the surface one. The number and ratio of weeds species changed when the grass component increased to the final field of crop rotation. The annual dicotyledonous species made 45.0–60.5% decreasing at the surface cultivation. Perennial weeds made 38.5–55.0% of the total weeds coenosis. Their number decreased in the case of deep cultivation. Crop infestation degree and as a result the weeds twice during the rotation at the surface soil cultivation.

WINTER WHEAT DEVELOPED BY THE UDMURT RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE IN COMPETITIVE VARIETY TESTING

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
I.V. TORBINA ◽  
◽  
I.R. FARDEYEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Rotation Pattern ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Made In ◽  
Research Institute

The paper assesses the promising varieties of winter wheat in a competitive variety test by the main economic and biological characteristics that determine the suitability of the variety for commercial use. The object of research was the authors’ own breeding material. The experiments on the selection of winter wheat were made in the experimental crop rotation pattern of the Institute.

Effect of precursors, fertilizers and soil cultivation on the phytosanitary condition of winter wheat crops in the zone of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (92) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
T.S. Vinnichuk ◽  
L.M. Parminskaya ◽  
N.M. Gavrilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
No Till ◽  
Harmful Organisms

In the article the research the results of studies of the phytosanitary state of winter wheat sowing with three soil treatments - plowing (22-24 cm), shallow (10-12 cm) and zero (no - till) with various doses of fertilizers: N56 Р16 К16 , N110-130 Р90 К110 and N145-165 Р135 К150 , without fertilizers (control) for the two predecessors - soybean and rapeseed. The influence of these methods on the development and prevalence of powdery mildew, septoriosis of leaves, root rot of winter wheat, the most common pests in the area of research - cereal flies, wheat thrips and grain sawflies. The identified measures to limit the development and spread of harmful organisms above.

Yield, grain quality of the winter wheat and efficiency of agricultural methods in crop rotation

2017 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
N. N. Neshhadim ◽  
K. N. Gorpinchenko ◽  
А. А. Kvashin ◽  
А. P. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Grain Quality

scholarly journals Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Feledyn-Szewczyk ◽  
Janusz Smagacz ◽  
Cezary A. Kwiatkowski ◽  
Elżbieta Harasim ◽  
Andrzej Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
No Till ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Weed Seeds ◽  
Direct Sowing

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest around agricultural science and practice in conservation tillage systems that are compatible with sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to assess the qualitative and quantitative changes in weed flora and soil seed bank under reduced tillage and no-till (direct sowing) in comparison with traditional ploughing. In the crop rotation: pea/rape—winter wheat—winter wheat the number and dry weight of weeds increased with the simplification of tillage. The seed bank was the largest under direct sowing and about three times smaller in traditional ploughing. Under direct sowing, most weed seeds were accumulated in the top soil layer 0–5 cm, while in the ploughing system most weed seeds occurred in deeper layers: 5–10 and 10–20 cm. In the reduced and no-till systems, a greater percentage of perennial and invasive species, such as Conyza canadensis L., was observed. The results show that it is possible to maintain weed infestation in the no-till system at a level that does not significantly affect winter wheat yield and does not pose a threat of perennial and invasive weeds when effective herbicide protection is applied.

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