Fuel consumption and fire characteristics during understory burning in a mixed white pine-hardwood stand in the Southern Appalachians.

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barton D. Clinton ◽  
James M. Vose ◽  
Wayne T. Swank ◽  
Erik C. Berg ◽  
David L. Loftis
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Fire Characteristics

Fuel consumption and fire characteristics during understory burning in a mixed white pine-hardwood stand in the Southern Appalachians.

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barton D. Clinton ◽  
James M. Vose ◽  
Wayne T. Swank ◽  
Erik C. Berg ◽  
David L. Loftis
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Fire Characteristics

scholarly journals Growth of Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) Related to Forest Floor Consumption by Prescribed Fire in the Southern Appalachians

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine J. Elliott ◽  
James M. Vose ◽  
Barton D. Clinton
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Humus Layer

Abstract Chainsaw felling, burning, and planting of eastern white pine (Pinus strobusL.) have been prescribed on degraded pine/hardwood stands in the Southern Appalachians to improve overstory composition and productivity. The desired future condition of the overstory is a productive pine/hardwood mixture, with white pine, which is resistant to southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis), as the dominant pine. We evaluated the growth of white pine planted after fell-and-burn treatments through eight growing seasons after planting on three sites that differed in their fire characteristics and carbon and nitrogen losses. The three sites (JE, JW, and DD) differed in heat penetration and forest floor consumption. Although very little consumption of the Oe+Oa humus layer occurred during burning, consumption of the Oi litter layer was 94%, 94%, and 63% at JE, JW, and DD, respectively. Corresponding to the forest floor layer consumption (Oi and Oe+Oa combined), 46% of forest floor N was lost at JE, 45% of forest floor N was lost at JW, and less than 0.1% of the forest floor N was lost at DD. Biomass and density of woody competitor species were not significantly related to white pine size or growth. By the eighth growing season, no differences in white pine size or growth were detected between JE and JW, but DD had significantly smaller white pine trees. The size difference between DD and the other two sites was attributed to the replanting of seedlings at DD in 1992. However, relative growth rate (RGR) was significantly higher on DD in 1998 than the other two sites. Eight growing seasons after planting, white pine growth was negatively related to percent Oi layer consumed on the JE and JW sites. We also found significant relationships between white pine RGR and percent Oi consumed using data from all three sites. Although fire severity had a long-term effect on pine growth, fire severity was considered low overall on these sites because there were limited losses from the forest floor Oe+Oa layer. However, white pine increment and RGR were significantly related to percent forest floor Oi mass and N loss. This loss of site N capital could have a significant negative effect on growth of planted white pine over the long term. South. J. Appl. For. 26(1):18–25.

Prescribed Burning of Thinning Slash in Regrowth Stands of Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) .1. Fire Characteristics, Fuel Consumption and Tree Damage

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
WL McCaw ◽  
RH Smith ◽  
JE Neal
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Flame Length ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Litter Layer ◽  
Tree Damage ◽  
Stem Damage ◽  
Fire Characteristics ◽  
Eucalyptus Diversicolor

'Fire characteristics, fuel consumption and fire-caused tree damage were investigated for ten low to moderate intensity fires in thinning slash fuel in 22-year-old karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor F. Muell) regrowth in Western Australia. Eight fires were burnt in spring and two in autumn. Most fires consumed greater than 80 per cent of dead fuel < 25 mm in diameter and between 40 per cent and 80 per cent of the litter layer. The total amount of litter and dead fuel < 100 mm in diameter consumed during burning ranged from 24 to 79 t ha-1 (31-89 per cent). Actual and percentage consumption of fuel < 100 mm diameter were inversely related to the moisture content of the litter profile. Fireline intensities determined from flame length estimates ranged from 90 kW m-1 to 2820 kW m-1. Damage to retained trees included stem wounding, crown death and complete death of the stem. Burning in spring when the litter profile was moist resulted in damage to the lower stems of up to 80 trees ha-1, with damage affecting an average of 3 m2 ha-1 of the retained basal area of 19.5 m2 ha-1. The incidence of stem damage following spring burning was considerably greater when the litter layer was dry. Autumn burning resulted in extensive stem damage and tree mortality and is not therefore recommended. Log debris within 1 m of trees significantly increased the probability of fire-caused damage, and wounds tended to be larger on trees that had debris nearby. The incidence of damage from burning was directly related to the quantity of fuel consumed and heat release per unit area, but was not significantly correlated with fireline intensity. A prescription for burning thinning slash during spring conditions is presented.

scholarly journals Response of Planted Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) to Mechanical Release, Competition, and Drought in the Southern Appalachians

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barton D. Clinton ◽  
Katherine J. Elliott ◽  
Wayne T. Swank
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Mountain Laurel ◽  
Mechanical Release

Abstract Conversion of low-quality, natural mixed pine/hardwood ecosystems, containing a mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia L.) dominated understory, to more productive eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.)/mixed-hardwood systems is a common prescription on relatively xeric southern Appalachian forest sites. We examined the effects of mechanical release, interspecific competition, and annual precipitation on growth of planted white pine in four 14-yr-old stands in the southern Appalachians. Two stands were mechanically released at age 6. No significant differences in biomass, basal area, or diameter were found between treatments for all species combined. Radial increment was significantly less during a drought year for both treatments. Height increment was less sensitive to severe moisture limitation than radial increment. Height and radial increment were compared to distance-dependent and distance-independent measures of competition for the nonreleased stands. Indices based on height and height/distance explained the greatest amount of variation in both radial and height increment. The influence of post-release severe drought may have delayed or diminished the response to release. The competitive influence of understory dominant mountain laurel at stand age 14 appears to be slight compared to the influence of other competing hardwood vegetation. South. J. Appl. For. 21(1):19-23.

Thinning Eastern White Pine in the Southern Appalachians

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Lino Della-Bianca
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Growth Trends

Abstract Standing volumes and 80-year growth trends and yields are given for three eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) study plots in the Old Orchard Plantation at Biltmore, North Carolina. The site 71 plot was thinned seven times and its yield compared with two unthinned plots, one each on site 75 and site 56. Site strongly influenced stand densities, average stand diameters, and stand volumes. Results showed that on site 71 at age 75 a heavy thinning from 184 to 126 ft²/A of basal area appreciably increased diameter and volume growth of eastern white pine. Between age 72 and 80, ingrowth on site 56 substantially contributed to board-foot yield.

scholarly journals Estimating Yields of Unthinned Eastern White Pine Plantations from Current Stocking in the Southern Appalachians

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd E. Hepp ◽  
John P. Vimmerstedt ◽  
Glendon W. Smalley ◽  
W. Henry McNab
Keyword(s):  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine
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