scholarly journals Estimating Yields of Unthinned Eastern White Pine Plantations from Current Stocking in the Southern Appalachians

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd E. Hepp ◽  
John P. Vimmerstedt ◽  
Glendon W. Smalley ◽  
W. Henry McNab
Keyword(s):  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine

scholarly journals Growth of Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) Related to Forest Floor Consumption by Prescribed Fire in the Southern Appalachians

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine J. Elliott ◽  
James M. Vose ◽  
Barton D. Clinton
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Humus Layer

Abstract Chainsaw felling, burning, and planting of eastern white pine (Pinus strobusL.) have been prescribed on degraded pine/hardwood stands in the Southern Appalachians to improve overstory composition and productivity. The desired future condition of the overstory is a productive pine/hardwood mixture, with white pine, which is resistant to southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis), as the dominant pine. We evaluated the growth of white pine planted after fell-and-burn treatments through eight growing seasons after planting on three sites that differed in their fire characteristics and carbon and nitrogen losses. The three sites (JE, JW, and DD) differed in heat penetration and forest floor consumption. Although very little consumption of the Oe+Oa humus layer occurred during burning, consumption of the Oi litter layer was 94%, 94%, and 63% at JE, JW, and DD, respectively. Corresponding to the forest floor layer consumption (Oi and Oe+Oa combined), 46% of forest floor N was lost at JE, 45% of forest floor N was lost at JW, and less than 0.1% of the forest floor N was lost at DD. Biomass and density of woody competitor species were not significantly related to white pine size or growth. By the eighth growing season, no differences in white pine size or growth were detected between JE and JW, but DD had significantly smaller white pine trees. The size difference between DD and the other two sites was attributed to the replanting of seedlings at DD in 1992. However, relative growth rate (RGR) was significantly higher on DD in 1998 than the other two sites. Eight growing seasons after planting, white pine growth was negatively related to percent Oi layer consumed on the JE and JW sites. We also found significant relationships between white pine RGR and percent Oi consumed using data from all three sites. Although fire severity had a long-term effect on pine growth, fire severity was considered low overall on these sites because there were limited losses from the forest floor Oe+Oa layer. However, white pine increment and RGR were significantly related to percent forest floor Oi mass and N loss. This loss of site N capital could have a significant negative effect on growth of planted white pine over the long term. South. J. Appl. For. 26(1):18–25.

scholarly journals Response of Planted Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) to Mechanical Release, Competition, and Drought in the Southern Appalachians

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barton D. Clinton ◽  
Katherine J. Elliott ◽  
Wayne T. Swank
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Mountain Laurel ◽  
Mechanical Release

Abstract Conversion of low-quality, natural mixed pine/hardwood ecosystems, containing a mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia L.) dominated understory, to more productive eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.)/mixed-hardwood systems is a common prescription on relatively xeric southern Appalachian forest sites. We examined the effects of mechanical release, interspecific competition, and annual precipitation on growth of planted white pine in four 14-yr-old stands in the southern Appalachians. Two stands were mechanically released at age 6. No significant differences in biomass, basal area, or diameter were found between treatments for all species combined. Radial increment was significantly less during a drought year for both treatments. Height increment was less sensitive to severe moisture limitation than radial increment. Height and radial increment were compared to distance-dependent and distance-independent measures of competition for the nonreleased stands. Indices based on height and height/distance explained the greatest amount of variation in both radial and height increment. The influence of post-release severe drought may have delayed or diminished the response to release. The competitive influence of understory dominant mountain laurel at stand age 14 appears to be slight compared to the influence of other competing hardwood vegetation. South. J. Appl. For. 21(1):19-23.

Thinning Eastern White Pine in the Southern Appalachians

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Lino Della-Bianca
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Growth Trends

Abstract Standing volumes and 80-year growth trends and yields are given for three eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) study plots in the Old Orchard Plantation at Biltmore, North Carolina. The site 71 plot was thinned seven times and its yield compared with two unthinned plots, one each on site 75 and site 56. Site strongly influenced stand densities, average stand diameters, and stand volumes. Results showed that on site 71 at age 75 a heavy thinning from 184 to 126 ft²/A of basal area appreciably increased diameter and volume growth of eastern white pine. Between age 72 and 80, ingrowth on site 56 substantially contributed to board-foot yield.

Fuel consumption and fire characteristics during understory burning in a mixed white pine-hardwood stand in the Southern Appalachians.

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barton D. Clinton ◽  
James M. Vose ◽  
Wayne T. Swank ◽  
Erik C. Berg ◽  
David L. Loftis
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Fire Characteristics

Fuel consumption and fire characteristics during understory burning in a mixed white pine-hardwood stand in the Southern Appalachians.

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barton D. Clinton ◽  
James M. Vose ◽  
Wayne T. Swank ◽  
Erik C. Berg ◽  
David L. Loftis
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Fire Characteristics

Rare forest types in northeastern Ontario: a classification and analysis of representation in protected areas

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Drever ◽  
James Snider ◽  
Mark C. Drever
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Betula Alleghaniensis ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Yellow Birch ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Eastern White Cedar

Our objective was to assess the relative rarity and representation within protected areas of Standard Forest Units (SFUs) in northeastern Ontario by applying the concepts of geographic range, habitat specificity, and local population size. SFUs are stand type classifications, routinely employed by forest managers, based on tree composition, disturbance history, and prescribed silvicultural system. We identified several SFUs as rare because of a narrow distribution, association with only one landform type, or lack of at least one stand larger than an ecoregion-specific threshold. In the Boreal forest, rare SFUs comprised stands dominated by eastern hemlock ( Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière), red oak ( Quercus rubra L.), yellow birch ( Betula alleghaniensis Britt.), or eastern white-cedar ( Thuja occidentalis L.). Rare SFUs also included eastern white pine ( Pinus strobus L.) and (or) red pine ( Pinus resinosa Ait.) leading stands managed by shelterwood or seed tree silviculture as well as low-lying deciduous stands and selection-managed stands of shade-tolerant species. In the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence forest, rare SFUs were yellow birch stands, stands dominated by conifer species abundant in the Boreal, and shelterwood-managed hardwood stands. Several rare SFUs had <12% of their total area in protection, i.e., stands dominated by eastern white pine, yellow birch, eastern white pine – red oak, or eastern white-cedar. These rare stand types require increased protection in reserves and tailored silvicultural practices to maintain their probability of persistence.

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