scholarly journals Gonorrhea: Antimicrobial Resistance and New Drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Soares Queirós ◽  
João Borges da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
And Control

The global burden of sexually transmitted infections remains high, with significant associated morbidity and mortality. Gonorrhea is the second most notified sexually transmitted infection in Europe, and its incidence has been increasing in the last years. Although traditionally considered a treatable infection, antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeaeincludes at present also macrolides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides and trimethoprim combinations, quinolones, and even cephalosporins. These high levels of gonococcal resistance to antimicrobials resulting in untreatable infections in the future may become one of the greatest challenges to the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections, which may be a significant major public health issue. Therefore, the development of novel antimicrobials and/or new dual antimicrobial therapy regimens is urgently needed. In this paper, evolution of antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is reviewed, along with new drugs currently under development for the treatment of this infection.

scholarly journals Trend Analysis of Major Sexually Transmitted Infections in China, 1999-2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Chunxia ◽  
Ai Zisheng
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are mainly transmitted by sexual contact or similar sexual contact, which can cause diseases of genitourinary organs ,accessory lymphatic system and major organs of the whole body. STIs include clinically symptomatic diseases and asymptomatic infections. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that More than 1 million sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are acquired every day worldwide.By analyzing the temporal trend of the sexually transmitted infections incidence in China in the past 20 years, we can provide a scientific basis for the further development of prevention and control measures related to sexually transmitted infections. Methods Joinpoint regression model is used to fit the incidence data of three sexually transmitted diseases in China from 1999 to 2018. Annual percentage change (APC) and Average annual percentage Change (AAPC) are calculated to evaluate the temporal trend changes of the incidence of three major sexually transmitted diseases. Results The overall incidence of AIDS/HIV has been on the rise for 20 years, rising by an average of 33.7% per year (P < 0.05). The most obvious increase is in 2002–2005, an average annual increase of 102.5%. The overall incidence of gonorrhea is on a downward trend, decreasing by 4.9% per year on average (P < 0.05).However, its incidence shows a slow rising trend from 2012 to 2018, with an average annual increase of 6.0%. The overall incidence of syphilis is also on the rise, increasing by an average of 9.1% per year (P < 0.05). Except 1999–2003, the incidence of syphilis shows a downward trend, and the other time stages shows a significant upward trend. Conclusions In the past 20 years, the corresponding measures have been taken in China for sexually transmitted infections and achieved remarkable results, but the three major sexually transmitted infections are still in the forefront of the reported notifiable infectious diseases incidence in China. At the same time, all sexually transmitted infections are beginning to shift from high-risk population to the general population, especially adolescents and the floating population.Therefore, China should still pay more attention to the prevention and control of STIs to hold back their further spread or epidemic.

scholarly journals Association between Sexual Habits and Sexually Transmitted Infections at a Specialised Centre in Granada (Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6881
Author(s):  
Raquel Casado Santa-Bárbara ◽  
César Hueso-Montoro ◽  
Adelina Martín-Salvador ◽  
María Adelaida Álvarez-Serrano ◽  
María Gázquez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Sexually transmitted infections are an important public health issue. The purpose of this study is to analyse the association between different sexual habits and the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in the population of Granada who consult with a specialised centre. An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted based on the medical records of 678 people from the Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Sexual Orientation Centre of Granada, who were diagnosed positively or negatively with a sexually transmitted infection, during the 2000−2014 period. Sociodemographic and clinical data, as well as data on frequency and type of sexual habits, frequency of condom use and sexually transmitted infection positive or negative diagnosis were collected. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted. The most popular sexual habits were vaginal intercourse, oral sex (mouth–vagina and mouth–penis) and the least popular were anus–mouth and anal sex. The use of condom is frequent in vaginal and anal sex and less frequent in oral sex. Sexually transmitted infection is associated with mouth–penis (p = 0.004) and mouth–vagina (p = 0.023) oral sex and anal sex (p = 0.031). It is observed that there is a relationship between the presence of STIs and oral sex practices, people having such practices being the ones who use condoms less frequently. There is also a relationship between anal sex and the prevalence of STIs, although in such sexual practice the use of condom does prevail.

scholarly journals Trend Analysis of Major Sexually Transmitted Infections in China , 1999-2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Chunxia ◽  
Ai Zisheng
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Morbidity Data ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background：The aim of our study was to analyze the trend changes and region distribution changes of three sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in China and provided a scientific basis for the government to make prevention and control measures.Methods：This study used Joinpoint regression model to fit the morbidity data of three STIs in China from 1999 to 2018. Annual percentage change (APC) and Average annual percentage Change (AAPC) were calculated to evaluate the trend changes of three STIs. We also used hierarchical clustering analysis to analyze the region distribution of three STIs in China from 2003-2018.Results ：We analyzed the morbidity data of three STIs in 1999-2018 derived from China Health Statistics Yearbook. The final model of AIDS was the 3 Joinpoint model (P = 0.01) with an annual average percent change (AAPC) of 33.7 (95% CI: 26.1-41.8, P < 0.001). The final model of gonorrhea was the 1 Joinpoint model (P= 0.0025) with an annual average percent change (AAPC) of -4.9 (95% CI: -6.2- -3.6, P < 0.001). The final model of gonorrhea was the 1 Joinpoint model (P < 0.05) with an annual average percent change (AAPC) of 9.1 (95% CI:6.9-11.4, P < 0.001). The region distribution of the morbidity of three STIs mainly concentrated in the southeast coastal areas and Xinjiang, other areas showed low epidemic levels.Conclusions: In a word, the morbidity of three STIs in China is still increasing slowly, the form of prevention and control for STIs is still very severe, especially in coastal provinces and Xinjiang. Therefore, it is necessary to actively popularize knowledge related to STIDs, and carry out large-scale peer education, further reduce epidemic of sexually transmitted infections in China.

scholarly journals Sexually Transmitted Infections and Associated Factors in Homosexuals and Bisexuals in Granada (Spain) During the Period 2000–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Llavero-Molino ◽  
Sánchez-Ocón ◽  
Pérez-Morente ◽  
Espadafor-López ◽  
Martín-Salvador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sexual Orientation Identity ◽  
Bisexual Population ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
Clinical Records

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health issue. Previous research shows the vulnerability of the homosexual and bisexual population, as well as the influence of economic, political, and cultural determinants. The aim of this study was to describe the socio-demographic healthcare profile and the main risk factors associated with STIs in homosexuals and bisexuals seen at the STI clinic in Granada (Spain) during the years 2000–2015. Infection prevalences were compared between the economic crisis period (2008–2014) and the rest of the years analysed. A cross-sectional observational and analytical study was conducted by reviewing 261 clinical records of individuals with suspected or present infection. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. 91.2% of the individuals were men, and 8.8% were women, with the mean age being 28.61 (SD = 9.35, Range = 17–74) years old. The prevailing sexual orientation identity was homosexual. 94.2% were single. The main reason for consultation was HIV. Differences in prevalence were found between crisis and non-crisis years (OR = 3.91; 95% CI = 1.73–9.19). In conclusion, their profile was that of a young, single man suspecting possible HIV infection. STI prevalence was significantly higher in the years of economic recession in comparison to the rest of the years.

scholarly journals Sexually Transmitted Infections in Travelers: Implications for Prevention and Control

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. M. Abdullah ◽  
S. H. Ebrahim ◽  
R. Fielding ◽  
D. E. Morisky
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
And Control
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