A comparative study of mental health diagnoses, symptoms, treatment, and medication use among Orthodox Jews

Historical clinical reports and media narratives suggest that Orthodox Jews are reticent to seek treatment for mental illness, present only with serious concerns, and hesitate to comply with treatment in general and psychopharmacology in particular. On the other hand, recent developments, and some limited research, suggest that Orthodox Jews may be likely to seek and comply with treatment. The current study compared the diagnostic, symptomatic, and treatment characteristics of 191 Orthodox Jews and 154 control patients all presenting to a large private mental health clinic with offices throughout greater New York. Results indicated that the groups were largely demographically similar, and that their diagnoses did not significantly differ. Orthodox Jews initially presented with lower levels of symptoms, terminated with similar symptom levels, attended a similar number of sessions, and were equally likely to use psychopharmacological interventions of similar types, compared to controls. This was equally true of ultra-Orthodox and modern Orthodox Jews. Clinicians providing mental health services to Orthodox Jews should be aware of these findings, which contrast with existing clinical and popular stereotypes. Further, excessive efforts to protect Orthodox Jewish patients against stigma may be unnecessary and counterproductive.

Sistem Pengendalian Internal Kas pada Klinik Utama Vincentius Kristus Raja Surabaya

The internal cash control system is important in a business unit in the form of a health clinic, because the cash element is one of the liquid current property accounts that can be used to finance the operational activities of the Main Clinic Vincentius Kristus Raja Surabaya. Research methods used by researchers in analyzing data in the form of primary data with qualitative methods. This research approach is carried out phenomenologically conducted by researchers with the aim that researchers can observe directly the reality that occurs so that they can obtain accurate information. The data collection techniques used is an interview with the head of polyclinics and clinical operations staff. Researchersvisit the clinic for observation and documentation. The results of the first study showed that the internal control system was already running in accordance with established financial procedures. The second result of the study is that the cash receipt procedure has all gone through the registration section except the dental clinic section. The third study showed that the implementing function in the operation of The Main Clinic Vincentius Kristus Raja Surabaya performs the trap of storage functions, especially in the dental health services section. The latest research results show the need for periodic monitoring or monitoring by the foundation, so that operational implementation runs smoothly and in accordance with the elements of internal control and the main clinic objectives of Vincentius Kristus Raja Surabaya can be achieved.

Evaluation of two AI software for the diagnosis of TB infection : A study protocol (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) profile in Malaysia showed an average annual growth rate of 2.23%, with an estimated 92 cases per 100,000 people reported in 2018. CXR remains the best conventional method for the early detection of pulmonary TB infection. The intervention of AI in TB diagnosis could efficiently aid human interpreters and reduce health professionals' work burden. To date, no evaluation of AI studies has been carried out in Malaysia. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the diagnostic accuracy and evaluate the performance of Qure.ai and Putra Analytica AI software. METHODS We will conduct a retrospective case-control study in Respiratory Medicine Institute (IPR), Kuala Lumpur Health Clinic and Bandar Botanik Klang Health Clinic. Patients' medical reports on TB investigation will be retrieved by accessing electronic and hardcopy medical records and collecting demographic data. Prior to conducting the study, patients' PTB status will be obtained by identifying MTB culture (reference standard) results in order to create a case and a control group. A total of 2000 CXR images will be retrieved, of which 1000 images will be the case (abnormality). Normal and abnormal CXR will be categorized into film and digital CXR, which will be screened onto the said AI software (index tests). RESULTS Results obtained from the AI software will be compared with the reference standard, and significant statistical analysis will be computed CONCLUSIONS We hope that the findings of this evaluation study will provide sufficient information for stakeholders and to implement AI technology in the medical imaging field for better management of TB in hospital and clinic settings.

One Health and Information Management Using Big Data in Health

In an increasingly connected world, information regarding the contagion and spread of COVID-19 has been an important weapon to enable better coping with the disease. The use of information technology can assist in the prevention, care, and monitoring of patients. In addition, remote service using applications avoids the overload of health centers and contagion. This research reports the experience of a research project initiated in Brazil at the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, with the objective of developing an application and big data for the new coronavirus in a public health clinic using information management and One Health concepts. Initially, the application requirements were defined through interviews with users and health professionals. The partial results obtained so far demonstrate improvements in the different processes of the health center with the use of the application. The use of big data for the analysis of information makes it possible to define better health policies for the population in a more precise way and in a shorter time.

Let's talk about sex(ual) wellbeing! Staff perceptions of implementing a novel service for people with Multiple Sclerosis

Background In people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), a complex interplay of neurological dysfunction, polypharmacy and psychological issues, contrive to impair their sexual and reproductive wellbeing. Realising an unmet need, the Tayside MS service in collaboration with a sexual health clinician (LJ), established a ‘Pelvic Health Clinic’ to improve quality of life for PwMS. Objective To explore clinician's perceptions of implementing an MS Pelvic Health service with a view to establishing future outcomes for health care professionals about the utility in such a service. Method In this small-scale qualitative case study, we explored clinician's perceptions of such a clinic adjunct. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed, and thematically analysed in a reflexive manner. Results Five participants consented. Ten sub-themes emerged, which were organised into three main themes: service tensions, patient needs and practitioner feelings. Conclusion Clinicians highly valued the new MS ‘pelvic health clinic’. Knowing that there was a service available empowered clinicians to ask patients about sexual health needs. Specific referral criteria may help further develop the service and improve patient care. Staff welcome training and support in this area or the option to signpost onwards; either mechanism lends itself to enhancing MS patient needs.

Lockdown-Associated Hunger May Be Affecting Breastfeeding: Findings from a Large SMS Survey in South Africa

The impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had, and will continue to have, on food security and child health is especially concerning. A rapid, Short Message Service (SMS) Maternal and Child Health survey was conducted in South Africa in June 2020 (n = 3140), with a follow-up in July 2020 (n = 2287). This was a national cross-sectional survey conducted among pregnant women and mothers registered with the MomConnect mhealth platform. Logistic regression was conducted to explore the associations between breastfeeding, maternal depressive symptoms, and hunger in the household. High breastfeeding initiation rates and the early introduction of other foods or mixed milk feeding were found. The prevalence of depressive symptoms in this survey sample was 26.95%, but there was no association between breastfeeding behaviour and depressive symptom scores (OR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.63, 1.27). A positive correlation was found between not breastfeeding and not going to the health clinic. The odds of hungry mothers breastfeeding were significantly lower (OR = 0.66; p = 0.045). This result also holds in a multivariate framework, including covariates such as depressive symptoms, attendance of a PHC facility, and whether the infant was older than 3 months. Support for breastfeeding must include support, such as economic support, for breastfeeding mothers, to enable them to access nutritious diets. Mothers also need reassurance on the quality of their breastmilk and their ability to breastfeed and should be encouraged to continue to attend the health clinic regularly.

Effectiveness of breastfeeding for pain relief in infants during vaccination at Bharatpur

Background: Vaccination is an integral part of childhood development since it protects children from a variety of diseases. It is, however, the most common cause of pain in children. Breastfeeding is effective tool for reducing pain in infants during vaccinations. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of breastfeeding for pain relief in infants during vaccination.Methods: A true experimental pretest and posttest design was conducted at Maternal and Child Health Clinic at Bharatpur, Nepal among 140 infants receiving pentavalent vaccines (Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hepatitis B and Hemophilus influenzae B). A structured interview schedule was used to collect socio-demographic information of mothers and infants. Bio physiologic method was used to determine biological and physical status of the infants. Modified behavioral pain scale was used to measure the level of pain in infants in both the control and experimental groups.Results: The study revealed that the total modified behavioral pain scale (mean ±SD after vaccination was 8.74±0.53 in control and 8.23±1.07 in experimental respectively. The study showed that breastfeeding had significantly lowered pain level (p<0.001) and lessened duration of cry (p=0.002) in infants in experimental group than in control group after vaccination. However, related to injectable vaccination, the study showed that breastfeeding did not significantly stabilized heart rate in infants in both the groups (p=0.122).Conclusions: The study concluded that the infants who were breastfed experienced less pain than those who were not breastfed during vaccination.

Hospital-Based Modified Cogmed Working Memory Training for Youth With ADHD

Objective: This study evaluated a modified working memory training program, Cogmed, for ADHD youth. Method: Forty youth were randomized to modified Cogmed training (MCT) or treatment as usual (CON). MCT was delivered in an outpatient mental health clinic in 3 weekly 35-minute sessions with a dedicated coach for 10 weeks. Participants completed assessments at baseline, after the intervention, and again 3 months later. Results: After controlling for baseline, groups were comparable on working memory, academics, and ADHD symptoms. The MCT group was rated by parents and teachers as having fewer executive function challenges and youth endorsed better self-concept compared with the CON group. Conclusions: MCT was associated with some improvement, which could not be attributed to increased working memory capacity and may reflect other facets of the program. Results question the usefulness of Cogmed but highlight considerations for optimizing adherence, engagement, and the therapeutic alliance in interventions for ADHD youth.

A Review on Otitis externa: An Approach to a Etiopathogenesis, Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Management Protocol

Introduction: The external ear is the part of our ears which is seen from outside. It is made up of the auricles (pinna) and external auditory canal; and, includes the outer wall of the middle ear, i.e. the eardrum. Otitis externa is a regular presentation when on call for ENT or at the emergency ENT health clinic or centre. Infective and reaction groups of otitis externa are classified. Methodology: The articles reviewed in this narrative review article have been traced from a variety of links and sources over the internet like PubMed, NCBI, ScienceDirect, NHSINFORM, Uptodate, WebmedCentral, American family physician, ClevelandClinic, StatPearls, and many more. References from high yielding sources were taken and the articles were properly assessed. Results: Paying attention to the scientific elements while performing an operative procedure can give a physician extended results. Which operative modality to be chosen depends on the patient. The patient’s choices are also important in the decision making of the operation. Discussion: External otitis is possibly spotted in almost every peer category. Approximately ten percent (10%) of humans may face this condition during their lifetime. Most of the time, the infection is mixed. Medical intervention of the ear can prove painful for most cases, therefore, post-surgery analgesics must be utilized for a time period which the treating physician prescribes. The aim of curing the patient is to free him/her from the symptoms and getting rid-off any pathogen causing a specific infection. Conclusion: The efficacy of operative modalities of extremes of otitis externa will rely on complete patient examination, history and lab results. Selection of the correct intervention, proper knowlege of the regional anatomy, paying attention to scientific elements and good post-operative care is necessary. It is never easy to avoid otitis externa, but we can make an effort to decrease the risk of developing this problem.