scholarly journals Mycobiota in Mycobiota in the grain of the oat breeding lines produced in 2019 in competitive variety trials on the fields of Nemchinovka Federal Research Center, Moscow Provincepetitive variety trials on the fields of Nemchinovka Federal Research Center, Moscow Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
O. P. Gavrilova ◽  
T. Yu. Gagkaeva ◽  
A. S. Orina ◽  
A. S. Markova ◽  
A. D. Kabashov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Species ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Dna Amount ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Variety Trials ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Naked Oats ◽  
Oat Breeding

Background. The requirement for high-quality oat grain for food production leads to the need for studying the resistance of this cereal crop to harmful diseases and for the development of new productive cultivars.Materials and methods. A comparative characterization was performed among the breeding lines of naked oats from Nemchinovka Federal Research Center according to the parameters of microbiological purity of grain. The mycological method was applied for the analysis of infection in the oat grain, and fungal species composition was identified. The DNA amount of toxin-producing species from genus Fusarium Link in the grain was detected using the real-time PCR, and the amount of mycotoxins was measured by the enzyme immunoassay.Results. The fungi of Alternaria Nees, Fusarium, Cladosporium Link, Cochliobolus Drechsler, Epicoccum Link were associated with oat grain. Uniquely high infection of the grain by F. langsethiae Torp & Nirenberg (14%) was found under the natural conditions of the Central Region of Russia. The differences revealed among the analyzed breeding lines and cultivars in the DNA amount of F. langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides Sherb. were from 1.3×10-4 to 7.2×10-3 pg/ng in the total DNA, and from 5 to 1230 μg/kg in the content of T-2/ HT-2 toxins.Conclusion. All naked oat breeding lines were relatively resistant to Fusarium infection and proved the best as regards the mycotoxin contamination of the grain against the reference hulled cultivar ‘Yakov’. In the competitive variety trials, three lines – 66h2618, 54h2476 and 70h2613 – were characterized as relatively resistant to Fusarium disease, compared with the naked oat reference ‘Vyatsky golozerny’.

scholarly journals Resistance of oat breeding lines to grain contamination with Fusarium langsethiae and T-2/HT-2 toxins

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 732-739
Author(s):  
O. P. Gavrilova ◽  
T. Yu. Gagkaeva ◽  
A. S. Orina ◽  
A. S. Markova ◽  
A. D. Kabashov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Grain Contamination ◽  
Oat Breeding ◽  
Fusarium Fungi

Fusarium disease of oats reduces yield quality due to decreasing germination that is caused by then contamination of grain with mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi. The aim of this study was to characterize the resistance of naked breeding lines of oats to fungal grain infection and to contamination with T-2 and HT-2 toxins. Thirteen naked oat breeding lines and two naked varieties, Nemchinovsky 61 and Vyatskiy, as well as a husked variety Yakov, were grown under natural conditions in the Nemchinovka Federal Research Center in 2019–2020. The contamination of grain with fungi was determined by the mycological method and real-time PCR. The analysis of mycotoxins was carried out by ELISA. In oats, Alternaria (the grain infection was 15–90 %), Cochliobolus (1–33 %), Cladosporium (1–19 %), Epicoccum (0–11 %), and Fusarium (3–17 %) fungi prevailed in the grain mycobiota. The predominant Fusarium species were F. poae (its proportion among Fusarium fungi was 49–68 %) and F. langsethiae (29–28 %). The highest amounts of F. langsethiae DNA ((27.9–71.9)×10–4 pg/ng) and T-2/HT-2 toxins (790–1230 μg/kg) were found in the grain of husked oat Yakov. Among the analysed naked oat lines, the amount of F. langsethiae DNA varied in the range of (1.2–42.7)×10–4 pg/ng, and the content of T-2/HT-2 toxins was in the range of 5–229 μg/kg. Two oat breeding lines, 54h2476 and 66h2618, as well as a new variety, Azil (57h2396), can be characterized as highly resistant to infection with Fusarium fungi and contamination with mycotoxins compared to the control variety Vyatskiy. 

scholarly journals Comparison of Advanced Oat Breeding Lines in Lithuania

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 172-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Danytė
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Starch Yield ◽  
Oat Breeding

Advanced oat breeding lines were investigated in 2009-2011 at the Institute of Agriculture of Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. The highest grain yield (4.10 t ha-1) and fat content (4.41%) was in 2009 and the highest protein and starch content (12.54% and 51.4%) was in 2011. Every year the yield of oat line LIA 1526-9 was higher or similar to the standard variety yield. The breeding line LIA 1526-9 also gave good results for fat, protein and starch yield. Every year fat, protein and starch content of naked line 1579-1 was higher in comparison with standard variety Mina DS: respectively, 7.39%, 12.6%, and 61.7% (standard variety 6.49%, 12.3%, and 55.7%) in 2009, 6.27%, 15.1%, and 60.7% (standard variety 5.06%, 11.5%, and 52.8%) in 2010 and 6.24%, 15.1%, and 63.6% (standard variety 5.66%, 14.0%, and 58.4%) in 2011. Significantly higher yields of fat, protein and starch per hectare were obtained in 2009 and reached 176, 454, and 1910 kg ha-1. Fat, protein and starch yields per ha of naked oat breeding lines were not higher than those of hulled oat breeding lines because of their low grain yield.

CONTINUING THE WORK STARTED BY OUTSTANDING PREDECESSORS (ON THE CENTENARY OF FEDERAL RESEARCH CENTER FOR VEGETABLE GROWING – VNIISSOK)

2020 ◽  
pp. 156-164
Author(s):  
A.V. SOLDATENKO ◽  
◽  
YE.P. PRONINA ◽  
V.A. USHAKOV ◽  
I.P. KOTLYAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Vegetable Breeding ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Federal Research

Federal Research Center for Vegetable Growing is the oldest breeding institution in Russia, the scientific activity of which began with the Gribovo Vegetable Breeding Experimental Station established in 1920.

Physico-chemical parameters of the best varieties of peach in the subtropics of Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.S. Abilfazova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Subtropical Zone ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

the characteristic the best varieties peach plants cultivated in the subtropical zone Krasnodar Territory is given. The study collection plantations peach in the subtropical zone Krasnodar Territory has been carried out since 2009 at the Federal Research Center Scientific Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The results of many years of research have identified the best peach varieties (Redhaven, Favorita Morettini, Larisa, Medin red, Veteran, Fayet), distinguished by resistance to stress factors and high palatability of the fruits.

Computer algebra: 4th International Conference Materials

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exact Solution ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Computer Algebra ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Dorodnicyn Computing ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Computing Center ◽  
And Control

The international conference is organized jointly by Dorodnicyn Computing Center of Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of Russian Academy of Science and Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia. The talks presented at the conference discuss actual problems of computer algebra — the discipline whose algorithms are focused on the exact solution of mathematical and applied problems using a computer.

Effect of dietary level of naked oats (Avena nuda) on internal and sensory quality of eggs and on yolk lipid composition

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Cave ◽  
E. E. Farnworth ◽  
L. M. Poste ◽  
G. Butler ◽  
V. D. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Yolk Lipid ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Naked Oats

The yolk lipid composition was determined and the sensory and internal quality evaluated for eggs obtained from hens at 8 and 15 m of age from two experiments. In exp. 1, in which naked oats replaced corn and soybean meal at levels of 0–800 g kg−1, there was a marked decrease in Roche yolk color at 8 mo, an increase in egg weight, and at 15 mo and a decrease in yolk flavor intensity with increasing level of oats. In exp. 2, there were four diets (0) a corn-soybean meal control, (876) a soybean-free naked oat alfalfa diet, (874) diet 876 supplemented with lysine and methionine and (691) diet 876 supplemented with canola meal. Haugh units were greater and yolk color less for supplemented naked oat diets versus the control diet. The yolk lipid content of sphingomyelin and sterols were higher than for the control diet. A yolk sulfury aroma was noted at 15 mo. At 8 mo, egg Haugh units were lower for the unsupplemented oat diet relative to the corn-soy diet. There were no other detrimental effects of oat diet on egg sensory quality. Other than a corrigible yolk color effect, egg quality traits do not limit the use of naked oats in poultry layer diets. Key words: Oats (naked), canola, egg internal quality, egg sensory quality, egg lipid composition, laying hen

scholarly journals Response of Lithuanian Winter Wheat Advanced Lines to Common Bunt (Tilletia tritici (BJERK.) WINT)

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Vytautas Ruzgas ◽  
Žilvinas Liatukas
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Very High

Response of Lithuanian Winter Wheat Advanced Lines to Common Bunt (Tilletia tritici (BJERK.) WINT) The study was carried out at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture in an artificially inoculated nursery during 2006-2007. Resistance to common bunt in 2006 was tested for 71, in 2007 for 118 breeding lines of Lithuanian winter wheat from the competitive trial nursery. Additionally, 148 promising lines were selected and tested from the check nursery, which possessed some resistance in their pedigree ancestors. The average disease incidence in 2006 and 2007 was 80.9 and 63.5%, respectively. The very high infection level highlighted the genotypes with the most effective resistance under conditions highly favourable for common bunt. There were no lines without infected ears. Among the 29 breeding lines tested in the two years, two lines Bill/Aspirant and Dream/Lut.9329 were infected the least, 17.2% and 1.9% in 2006 and 18.5% and 7.8% in 2007, respectively. Most of the breeding lines were highly susceptible. Lines with disease incidence over 50% accounted for over 90% in 2006 and 80% in 2007 of the total lines tested. The most resistant lines had in their pedigrees the following resistance sources: genotypes Bill, Lut.9329, Strumok, Lut.9313, Lut.9358, Tommi as well as Dream, Haldor, 91002G2.1, 96/101, Bezenchiukskaya380.

INFLUENCE OF PHOTOPERIOD, SHORT-DAY VERNALIZATION, AND COLD VERNALIZATION ON DAYS TO HEADING IN AVENA SPECIES AND CULTIVARS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. SAMPSON ◽  
V. D. BURROWS
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Avena Strigosa ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Oat Breeding

Exposure of 19 accessions belonging to nine species of Avena to constant daily photoperiods of 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 hr showed that heading was promoted by the longer photoperiods, except in A. abyssinica, which headed first on 15-hr days. Some accessions headed sooner in 9-hr than in 12-hr photoperiods. An interrupted night treatment suggested that photoperiodic control of heading date is exercised by the length of the dark period. A second experiment demonstrated a short-day vernalization response in two of the six accessions initially grown in 9-hr days and later in 12-hr days. In a third experiment (19 entries) cold vernalization (7.2 C for 39 days) strongly promoted heading in seven wild species from the Mediterranean region and in A. abyssinica and the winter oat Landhafer (from 21 to 60 days earlier in 18-hr days). Weaker but significant (P <.05) responses were evident in A. strigosa and three of the remaining nine cultivated hexaploids. The responses to cold vernalization were greater in plants growing in 12- and 18-hr days than in 9-hr days. For the three experiments, regression analysis of days to heading on hours of photoperiod showed that A. byzantina C.W. 544, A. sativa Rapida, A. abyssinica, A. vaviloviana, and A. barbata were the least sensitive to differences in photoperiod (1–3 days earlier per hour longer). Avena strigosa and related diploid wild species showed intermediate sensitivity. Northern spring oat cultivars and Ottawa breeding lines were very sensitive (6–10 days earlier per hour longer). The implications that these findings have for oat breeding are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document