THE JUDICIAL POWERS OF THE HEAD OF THE CENTER OF CAUCASIAN LINE IN THE 1830-1850s

Kavkazologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
D.M. ALKHASOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Line Center ◽  
Administrative Control ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article is about the dynamics of the judicial powers of the head of the Center for the Caucasian Line in the 30s – 50s. XIX century. A general overview of the activities of the head of the Caucasian Line Center is given. The study is based on an analysis of the administrative documents of the Caucasian Line Center and subordinate organizations. Attention is drawn to his order of interaction with subordinate institutions of local judicial and administrative control. The features of the administration of justice in the process of interaction between representatives of the local population and the Caucasian line command are analyzed. The article analyzes the set of judicial powers of the head of the Center, the nature of the cases subject to his jurisdiction. The judicial functions of the head of the Center are considered within the framework of the judicial and administrative system that took shape in the Caucasus in the second quarter of the 19th century. Attention is drawn to the fact that the granting of judicial powers to representatives of executive structures was characteristic of most of the national outskirts of the empire and corresponded to the level of development of the Russian legal culture of that time. Attention is drawn to its role in regulating the activities of the Provisional Kabardinsky Court, the judicial functions performed in the framework of interaction with bailiff institutions, the role of the head of the Center in regulating the activities of traditional bodies of administration of justice both among the indigenous population of the Central Caucasus and among migrants (residents of the Aleksandrovskaya German settlement and the Nalchik mountain Jewish colony). It is concluded that the execution of a number of judicial powers by the head of the Caucasian Line Center was explained by the low efficiency of the institutions of local judicial and administrative control, the difficulties of adapting local residents to the Russian presence in the region, and the search for optimal management models.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC LIFE OF THE REFORMED HOUSE MANAGEMENT IN THE WORKS OF A.N. ENGELGARDT AS A TOOL FOR SOLUTIONS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Lilia Sargu ◽  
Yulia Valeeva
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

Within the framework of the article, a study was conducted on the problem of the socio-economic life of the post-reform landowner economy in the works of A. N. Engelhardt. It was established how much the population is aware of the specifics of the historical development of post-reform Russia, what is the significance of the contribution of A. N. Engelhardt to the development of the village, in particular, the landlord economy, how strong, in the opinion of local residents, is the role of the memorial source «Letters from the Village» in modern agronomy how they see the concept of «mining» in modern realities, is their definition similar to the definition of the second half of the 19th century. Within the framework of the article, a study was conducted on the problem of socio-economic life of the post-reform landlord economy in the works of A. N. Engelhardt. It was established how much the population is aware of the specifics of the historical development of post-reform Russia, what is the significance of AN’s contribution. Engelhardt in the development of the village, in particular, the landlord economy, as, according to local residents, a strong role of the source memoir «Letters from village» in modern agriculture, as they see the concept of «practicing» in the current situation, is similar whether their definition with the definition of second half of the XIX century.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF STUDYING OF THE APPLIED ART OF ARTSAKH OF THE 19TH CENTURY ON THE PAGES OF THE EASTERN ARMENIAN ERIODICAL PRESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (10(74)) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
M. Harutyunyan
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Color Structure ◽  
Applied Art ◽  
Technical Mastery ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

Thus, our scientific research led to the conclusion that the applied art which originated in the previous centuries continued to develop along with other branches of the culture of Artsakh in the second half of the XIX century and the beginning of the XX century.  In this scientific article, we have presented mainly the following branches of the applied arts of Artsakh: carpet weaving, handicrafts, embroidery, silversmithing, pottery. We have mainly presented interesting information about the branches of the applied art which were covered in the periodicals of the second half of the XIX century and the beginning of the XX century. Noting about the carpet weaving of Artsakh, we emphasized that the carpets of that region of Artsakh stood out with their color structure, richness of ornaments, technical mastery. We highlighted the role of handicrafts in the life of Armenian women, emphasizing that this form of the applied art was developed in Artsakh in the Middle Ages. In this article, we also presented a number of pottery samples found during excavations by foreign archaeologists. 

POCHAYIV'S PUBLISHING CENTER AS FACTOR OF CONSOLIDATION OF UKRAINIAN PEOPLE OF THE XVIII - BEGINNING OF THE XIX CENTURY

2017 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Valentina Bochkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Publishing House ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Printing Industry ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Close Contacts ◽  
Printing House

Pochaivska Lavra was one of the largest cultural centers in the XVIII - the first third of the XIX century. Pochaivs’ka Lavra Printing house, after the printing house of the Kyiv-Pechers’k Monastery, was one of most powerful publishing center in the Ukrainian lands. Until the end of the XVIII century it published about 250 editions in Cyrillic and about 200 editions in Latin and others languages. At present, relevant is unbiased and objective coverage of all aspects of the activity of the Pochayivs’ka Lavra at the period of the Basilians as the least studied and on the other hand as the most productive period, especially in the book publishing process. The purpose of this article is an attempt to determine the role of the Pochayiv monastery as the center of the unification of Ukrainians, analyzing the repertoire of the Pochayiv publishing house at the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century, the language of publications, their design and contacts with other publishing houses. It is concluded that the most productive activity of the Pochayiv printing house was Uniate period - XVIII - beginning of the XIX century. The typical features of the printing industry of this time were: a diverse repertoire of books that included the spiritual and secular literature of various Christian confessions, original and translated works of religious moralistic content, multilingual editions, and their high artistic level. The activity of the Pochayiv Assumption printing house extending beyond narrow confessional boundaries. Like the Kyiv editions were used not only by the Orthodox, but also by the Catholics of the Byzantine rite, the Pochaiv books and engravings spread among the Orthodox population of Ukraine. The undoubted merit of this cultural and spiritual center was that it continued the tradition of printing Ukrainian-language publications in conditions where the Kyiv- Pechers’ka printing house was deprived of such a possibility under the pressure of decrees of Russian secular and church authorities. The Pochayiv printing house maintained close contacts with other publishing centers - both Uniate and Orthodox. This is evidenced by the active using and reprint of their publications in Pochaiv. Despite the different denominations, there were close contacts between the Pochayiv Uniate and Kyiv-Pechers’k Orthodox printing houses. This testified to the spiritual unity of Ukrainian lands besides state borders, religious and administrative barriers of secular and church authorities.

scholarly journals Effect of Climate on The Burial and Stripping of Remnants of War in Al-Muthanna Desert and Its Health Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012079
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jaber Al-Aajibi ◽  
Karar Majid Al-Jiashi
Keyword(s):  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Explosive Detection ◽  
Desert Region ◽  
Cluster Bombs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Local Residents

Abstract Military remnants in the Al-Muthanna desert are one of the most important risks facing the local population in the desert, due to its presence in large quantities and in large areas and in many types. Climate factors interacted integrated with each other, which led to the burial of many of these wastes. Sometimes wind erosion shows it, and there is a big role for dust storms and air precipitation to hide the war remnants in Al-Muthanna desert, due to the nature of the dry climate in it, which helped in the disintegration of its soil, which makes up most of the surface of the study area. It was also found that there is a large role of rain in burying many wastes, led to its concealment and the difficulty of seeing it with the naked eye, which required the use of explosive detection devices or dogs trained in that to investigate it. As for the casualties caused by the remnants of war, it has been continuous throughout the years (2004-2020), which claimed the lives of many local residents in the Desert, led by the year 2013, when the number of victims was. When studying the distribution of these remnants in the Desert region, it appeared that there are many areas in which war remnants are scattered in large areas, all of which are explosive and dangerous, such as mines, cluster bombs of different types, mortars and artillery. The Busayeh desert took the largest share of the area and the largest amount of war remnants. The research found that there are areas in which there are war remnants that are not registered with the Civil Defense Department in Al-Muthanna Governorate, such as Al-Juyou, Faydat Al-Faris, and Kilo.

scholarly journals Features of Buddhism in China in the 19th Century According to the Works of the Missionary Saint Gury (Karpov), Archbishop of Tauride

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Александр Сергеев
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Chinese Buddhism ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
Lay People ◽  
European Science ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

В статье рассматривается труд «Обеты буддистов и обряд возложения их у китайцев» посвященный особенностям Буддизма в Китае, составленный и переведенный миссионером святителем Гурием (Карповым), архиепископом Таврическим. Данная работа архиепископа Гурия напечатана в сборнике Трудов членов Российской Духовной миссии в Пекине и считается ценным вкладом в европейскую науку. В ней в частности, святителем Гурием выделяются буддисты ведущие безбрачную жизнь и семейную жизнь, описываются основные предметы воздержания для буддистов выраженные в определенных следующих заповедях и предлагается схема обетов буддистов, структура иерархии Буддийского общежития, говорится о роли отшельников и мирян в Буддизме, затрагивается тематика молитвенной практики и предлагается описание самых страшных преступлений и видов порока в Буддизме. Описывая данные положения, крымский миссионер ссылался в своем труде на образцовый буддийский требник, отталкивался от личных наблюдений и разговоров с Хэшанами и согласовывал свои выводы о Буддизме с китайцем, который отлично зналкитайский язык и понимал язык Буддизма. Таким образом можно сказать, что особый акцент делается на анализе и структурировании сведений о Буддизме, выделяются основные аспекты возложения буддийских обетов и показываются вероучительные, нравственно-аскетические, иерархические и административные особенности китайского Буддизма девятнадцатого века, которые полезно знать миссионерам, ведущим полемику с людьми, исповедующими Буддизм. The article is devoted to the work "Buddhist vows and the rite of laying them on the Chinese", which is devoted to the peculiarities of Buddhism in China, compiled and translated by the missionary Saint gurius (Karpov), Archbishop of Taurida, published in the collection of works of members of the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Beijing and is considered a valuable contribution to European science. In this work, in particular, Saint Gury singled out Buddhists who lead a celibate lifestyle and family life, described the main themes of abstinence for Buddhists, expressed in the following specific commandments and vows of the Buddhist hierarchy of the Buddhist community, mentioned the role of hermits and lay people in Buddhism, also touched upon the practice of prayer and the description of the most terrible crimes and vices in Buddhism. Describing these provisions, the Crimean missionary referred in his work to an exemplary Buddhist Breviary based on personal observations and conversations with Heshans, and coordinated his conclusions about Buddhism with a Chinese who knew Chinese perfectly and understood the language of Buddhism. Thus, we can say that special attention is paid to the analysis and structuring of information about Buddhism, highlighting the main aspects of Buddhist vows, as well as showing the doctrinal, moral, ascetic, hierarchical and administrative features of Chinese Buddhism of the XIX century, which are useful for missionaries who conduct polemics with people who profess Buddhism.

scholarly journals Law-Making of Municipal Self-Governing Authorities in the Russian Province in the Second Half of the XIX Century on the Example of City Dumas of the Novgorod Governorate

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Yulia P. Stepanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
City Councils ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Law Making ◽  
Legal Procedures

The article analyzes the lawmaking activities of the city councils of the Novgorod province in the second half of the 19th century. An assessment of the level of lawmaking work is given, the features of the legal nature of acts issued by local self-government bodies are characterized. Examples of organization of legal procedures are given, the role of provincial government bodies in the organization and implementation of law-making practice of local self-government bodies is revealed.

Children of the “Old Believers” as an object of the confessional policy of regional authorities in the second quarter of the 19th century (based on materials from the Vyatka province)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-4) ◽  
pp. 184-195
Author(s):  
Victoria Mashkovtseva
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The One ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article considers the legal status of children of old believers in the second quarter of the XIX century. Based on the analysis of the regulatory framework and unpublished sources from the funds of Russian state historical archive and the Central archive of the Kirov region is characterized by major limitations in the area of family law in effect at the time of the reign of Nicholas I. Special attention is paid to the system of punishments for committing illegal actions by old believers, as well as the role of the family in the confrontation between old believers on the one hand and representatives of the authorities and the Russian Orthodox Church on the other.

scholarly journals О сочинении дорампа Игнен-Чоймпела «Почитание величественного Хан-Бархана: „Драгоценность-чинтамани, быстро исполняющая желания“»

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1016-1031
Author(s):  
Sayana B. Bukhogolova ◽  
◽  
Subad B. Dashieva ◽  
Zinaida A. Debenova ◽  
Bair L. Tushinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
Tibetan Studies ◽  
The 19Th Century

Introduction. The article deals with the xylograph  Tegüs čoγtu qan gbar-mkan-u takilγ-a küsel türgen qangγaγči čindamani erdeni kemegdekü orusiba (Worship of the majestic Khan-Barkhan: „Chintamani-treasure, quickly fulfilling desires“)  by dorampa Ignen-Choimpel; the treatise is part of the collection kept in the Center of Oriental Manuscripts and Xylographs of Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (Ulan-Ude). It aims to analyze the source along the  following lines: i) to identify the author of the manuscript, ii) to transliterate the text and check the accuracy of its reading with a focus on its specific lexical features, iii) to identify the time and place of its compilation and publication, iv) to research similar works related to the cult of Mount Khan-Barkhan, and v) to examine the structure of the text and give a short description of its content. Methods and materials. The methodology of source studies, as well as the textological analysis used by the present researchers helped establish dorampa Ignen-Choimpel’s exceptional knowledge of Buddhist philosophy and of the Mongolian language. Comparative-historical, typological, and descriptive methods were instrumental in examining the transformation of the mountain worship ritual in the process of its historical development. Granted the role of mountains as an essential element in the worldview of many cultures, as well as the significance of the text for practices of Buryats of Barguzin region today, the present research is of much relevance. The article may be used as a source for studies of the factors influencing the current revival of the mountain cult and the present religious practices of the population in the region. Results. The text under study contains new data concerning the veneration of ezhins — host-spirits of local features such as mountains, the Barkhan mountain of Kurumkan region in Buryatia, in particular. Also, this is a piece of important historical evidence shedding light on the cultural and religious processes that took place among the Buryats in the 19th century. Conclusions. The research indicated the presence of syncretic elements in the text of the treatise, including borrowings of some shamanic traditional rituals associated with the mountain worship, as well as the presence of specific lexical elements such as archaic words and expressions. Importantly, Buddhist borrowings of shamanic deities and rituals familiar to the local Buryat people contributed to the promotion of Buddhism among the local population.

scholarly journals International experience of converting social capital of local communities into development of tourism sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Olga Vladimirovna Rogach
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Population ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Local Residents

The subject of this research is the international practices of utilization of social capital of local communities for the purpose of development of tourism attractiveness of the territories. The object of this research is the social capital of local communities. The author explores such aspects of the topic as the development of tourism on the basis of local community, stimulation of social activism and communication between the locals, their ability to self-organization on the local level within the framework of international projects. Special attention is given to the risks and negative consequences for the local communities caused by tourism. The conclusions is made that the role of the representatives of local communities is considered as one of the key elements within the international practice of tourism development. This relates to the formation of tolerant and friendly tourism space for maintaining a “geographical myth”, which cannot be created without involvement of the local residents. Such process must be manageable for the authorities that ensure protection of local population from the sociocultural threats caused by tourists. International experience can be adapted in the Russian realities to some extent, however this process requires outworking of the corresponding mechanism of three-way interaction of the local government, business and local residents. The scientific novelty lies int the attempts of critical revaluation of the role of social capital of local communities at the time of transformation of tourism industry due to unfavorable epidemic situation.

scholarly journals ON THE DIRECTIONS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN THE ORTHODOX CLERGY, SECULAR POWER AND SOCIETY IN THE TOBOLSK NORTH IN THE XIX - EARLY XX CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-613
Author(s):  
O.P. Tsys’
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Regional Society ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Populated Region ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Secular Power

The article is devoted to the role of priests in the life of the Russian and indigenous population of the Tobolsk North (in the modern borders - Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Districts). The sides of social activity of the clergy, which had a positive influence on the parishioners in solving the problems of modernization of this remote and sparsely populated region, are mainly considered. It is stated that during the XIX century the duties of the parishes and rural deans have been gradually increasing. The importance of the following types of extra-liturgical activities is described: issuance of metric certificates and extracts, maintenance of accounting and statistical documentation, deployment of medical services for the population and monitoring of sanitary and hygienic standards, food supply to local residents, dissemination of advanced agro-technical methods, smoothing internal conflicts between Russians and natives, attraction of parishioners to charity, etc. Conclusions are made that the socio-educational service opened an opportunity to root in the Tobolsk North the features of a new, European civilization, and the changed conditions of social life allowed the clergy to apply multiple ways of influencing the processes taking place in the regional society.

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