scholarly journals SOEHARTO'S PROHIBITIONS: AN EARLIER CLASSIFICATION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wachid Eko Purwanto

Butir-Butir Budaya Jawa (Grains of Javanese Culture) is a title of a book written by Soeharto, the second president of the Republic of Indonesia. This book contains the local wisdom in the form of Javanese maxims. Soeharto compiled Butir-Butir Budaya Jawa as a guidance of life. The book is structured into two main chapters, namely pituduh (moral guidance) and wewaler (prohibitions).This paper intends to identify and describe the prohibitions contained in one of the chapters of Butir-butir Budaya Jawa, namely chapter Wewaler. Wewaler take the ideal concept of Javanese culture containing prohibitions that should not be done by Javanese. In Wewaler there are six themes; (1) belief in the One Supreme God, (2) spirituality, (3) humanity, (4) nationhood, (5) family life, and (6) on material goods.Based on to whom the prohibitions are intended, there are two Soeharto’s prohibitions in Wewaler, 1) prohibitions of human and 2) prohibitions of other creatures. Based on selfhood, there are two prohibitions against human; a) prohibitions of self and b) prohibitions of other people. Based on kinship, there are six prohibitions of other people, (1) prohibitions of ancestors, (2) prohibitions of parents, (3) prohibitions of parents in law, (4) prohibitions of husband/wife, (5) prohibitions of child and (6) prohibitions of liyan (strangers). Based on the characters, there are four prohibitions of Liyan; (a) prohibitions of ordinary people, (b) prohibitions of holy man, (c) prohibitions of superior man, and (d) prohibitions of evil man. In the other hand, based on its kind, there are two prohibitions of other creatures; a) spiritual beings and b) animals.

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4/2019) ◽  
pp. 193-206
Author(s):  
Darko Simović

The adoption of the Act on Prevention of Domestic Violence was driven by the creation of a more effective legal framework for the protection of victims of domestic violence, and, therefore, also by the alignment of the legal system of the Republic of Serbia with international obligations. The main novelties include multi-sectoral cooperation and primarily preventive nature of the law. However, from its very adoption, it has been pointed to its noticeably repressive character, as well as to provisions with potentially harmful impacts. Hence, this paper represents a contribution to the discussion on the importance and scope of the solutions provided for in the Act on Prevention of Domestic Violence. On the one hand, it points to major novelties intended to contribute to a more effective prevention of domestic violence. On the other hand, it questions the constitutionality and appropriateness of some of the legal solutions, arguing that, in particular respects, the lawmaker had to use a wiser and more subtle approach to conceptualising the provisions of this law.


2020 ◽  
pp. 174387212097533
Author(s):  
Johan van der Walt

This short article on Peter Fitzpatrick’s conception of “responsive law” analyzes the ambiguous temporality that Fitzpatrick discerned in modern law. On the one hand, law makes the claim of being fully present and therefore already and completely contained in itself. This aspect of law reflects the law’s claim to “immanence,” that is, its claim of always being able to rely strictly on its own operational terms without having to take recourse to any consideration not already contained within itself. It is this aspect of law that renders the ideal of the “rule of law” feasible. On the other hand, the law’s claim to doing justice to every unique and therefore every new case also demands that it takes leave of that which is already settled within it. This aspect of law can be called its “imminence.” The imminence of the law concerns the reality that law always finds itself on the threshold of that which has not yet been said and must still be said. The article shows how Fitzpatrick relied on Freud’s concept of the totem to explain the “wondrous” unity of its immanence and imminence.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
Antonius Alex Lesoma ◽  

Ethics is crucial for science. This article aims to outline the relationship between ethics and science. Science as a profession cannot be separated from ethics. Scientists require not only rigorous methods and procedures in their work but also ethics to guide them. They are demanded as experts in their fields and as good persons. Ordinary people (non-scientific society) trust reliable scientists who have good competence, skill and personality. Hence, integration of science and ethics bring up epistemic trust, on the one hand among scientists and on the other hand among scientists and non-scientific society. There are various kinds of ethics that can be a guide for the scientific work of scientists. However, in this article I offer Karol Wojtyła's personalist ethics based on the philosophy of being as a guide for science.


Author(s):  
Elena V. Glukhova ◽  

The article discusses the modification of the “estate topos” of Russian sym- bolism in Andrei Bely’s memoir prose. The estates Shakhmatovo, Dedovo, Serebrianyj Kolodez played a key role in the cultural history of Russian symbolism. The peculiarity of Bely’s “estate text”, on the one hand, is that he found an original neo-mythological mode in the image of these estates, on the other hand, gave them heterotopic properties. The article shows how the tonality of his memoirs about Alexander Blok changes from the first edition in journal “Notes of Dreamers” (1922) to the last part of his memorial trilogy “The Beginning of the Century” (1932). If in the first version “Shakhmatovo” appears in neo-mythological meaning and a number of significant symbolic universals are realized, then in the latter version this way of representing the estate is practically erased. The image of Alexander Blok as a spiritual and symbolic center of estate cul- ture is changing: if originally he had the folklore features of Ivan Tsarevich, the ideal symbolist poet on a background of nature, and his wife was Tsarevna, the embodiment of Sophia the Wisdom of God, then later Blok appears as a Lord, carried away only by the issues of managing the estate, and his wife gets the features of an ordinary woman. The estate Serebrianyj Kolodez appears as a heterotopic space, and the features of the estate Dedovo are recognizable in the novel “The Silver Dove”.


Itinerario ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Robert Ross

What is, and was, South Africa? This is clearly not a question which has a single answer, nor has it ever had one. On the one hand, there is a constitutional answer. In these terms, South Africa did not exist before the creation of the Union in 1910 and since then has been the state created then, transformed into the Republic of South Africa in 1961 and transformed once again with the ending of white minority rule in 1994. On the other hand, there are innumerable answers, effectively those to be found in the minds of all South Africans, and indeed all those foreigners who have an opinion about the country. Nevertheless, these opinions are not random. Clearly, there are regularities to be found within them, such that it is possible, in principle, to describe at the very least the range of answers to this question which were held within particular groups of the population, either within the country or outside it, and also to use specific sources, emanating from a single person, or group of individuals, as exemplary of the visions held by a far wider group.


2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doron Menashe ◽  
Eyal Gruner

Abstract This article concerns the ideal legal arrangement with respect to cross-examining complainants in sexual assault cases regarding their sexual history. The article examines the question of under what circumstances the complainant’s sexual history could be seen as as logically relevant. It also deals with finding the balance between, on the one hand, the interests of protecting the defendant and pursuing truth, which require cross-examination regarding the complainant’s sexual history, and on the other hand, the interest of protecting the complainant’s dignity and welfare.


2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-70
Author(s):  
Federico M. Petrucci

TheMenexenusis usually described as a ‘riddle’ or ‘puzzle’. The difficulties it poses have given rise to a multitude of exegeses, revolving around two antithetical readings. On the one hand, some scholars tend to consider the dialogue an ironic critique of Athenian democracy and/or of democratic rhetoric. According to this perspective, Plato expressed this criticism through a paradoxical and somehow feverishepitaphios(the ironic reading). On the other hand, some scholars consider the funeral oration to be quite serious. According to this perspective, Plato aimed at reforming the genre and at introducing his theory of the ideal stateorhis theory of virtue (the strict reading). In this paper I will be moving beyond these standard readings in an attempt to supplement them by identifying the real moral issue behind theMenexenus.


ΠΗΓΗ/FONS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Sun Yu-Jung

Abstract: In this paper, I argue that 1) the ostensible inconsistency between the judgments of value on different kinds of lying, like poetry, fabricated story, myth and noble lies, is not a veritable one, and 2) Plato does not hold a utilitarian position on the question of lying, or making up something false to be more precise, and lies do not turn into noble lies once they are told to be in the service of some superior purpose. Plato does state in Book II of the Republic that the veritable lie (ἀληθῶς ψεῦδος) is what all gods and all man hate (382a), and poets must be punished for deceiving people by linking the Supreme Being to its contrary. But Plato also discusses the useful lie, especially the one lie that is necessary for the unity and stability of the polis: the Noble Lie. Neither useful lies nor noble lies can be acceptable just because we can make a use out of it, and it does not hold either that the greater the use we can make out of a lie, the nobler a lie is. A true lie (ἀληθῶς ψεῦδος) for Plato is the kind of lie leading people to believe that the hierarchy of the forms can be reordered in any way, and we can make random associations between the forms, like forming the relation between gods and the action of war. On the other hand, useful lies and the noble lies are in fact a duplicate of the order of the forms. This order, which articulates forms, is what makes thinking of truth possible, and we can later find this idea of the order of the forms which allows us to think truth and falsity in both the Theaetetus and the Sophist.Keywords: Lie, imitation, dialectic, falsehood


2020 ◽  
pp. 88-101
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Hrydkovets

The article presents a training program for the tenths of the preparation for family life. The program is based on two factors. On the one hand, the needs of adolescents, on the other hand, are based on the basic values and traditions of the Ukrainian people. At the heart of the program is the respect for each person as a child of his family, a kind, his people. Respect for yourself as a representative of your gender with the whole system of responsibility for yourself, for close and potential descendants.


2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (104) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Christina Schneider

Leibniz's conception of bodies seems to be a puzzling theory. Bodies are seen as aggregates of monads and as wellfounded phenomena. This has initiated controversy and unending discussions. The paper attempts to resolve the apparent inconsistencies by a new and formally spirited reconstruction of Leibniz's theory of monads and perception, on the one hand, and a (re-)formulation and precisation of his concept of preestablished harmony, on the other hand. Preestablished harmony is modelled basically as a covariation between the monadic and the ideal realm.


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