scholarly journals Morphofunctional changes of structural components of masticatory muscles of mature animals in mercazolilum-induced hypothyroidism

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
N.T. Sahan
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Vascular Pattern ◽  
Arterial Lumen ◽  
Muscular Fiber ◽  
Cross Striation

The damage of the muscular system is one of the frequent complications in thyroid diseases, but today there is no unanimous view on the morphofunctional changes in masticatory muscles in hypothyroidism. The purpose of this study was to determine the peculiarities of the structural organization of the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscles of mature rats in various stages of experimentally modeled hypothyroidism. The study was performed on the masticatory muscles of mature male rats during the 14th, 21st, 28th days of the development of mercazolilum-induced hypothyroidism. The following research methods were used: injection method of study of the circulatory bed of the masticatory muscles; histological examination of blood vessels and tissue elements of the masticatory muscles; electron microscopic examination; morphometric analysis (mean value of blood vessels’ lumen and thickness of their walls; number of capillaries in 1 μm2 of cross section of muscular fiber; the quantity of the capillaries at one muscular fiber, the percentage of oxidative (OMF), oxidative-glycolytic (OGMF), glycolytic (GMF) muscular fibers, average muscular fiber area, biochemical methods, and statistical analysis was conducted out using the software RV.3.0. The development of hypothyroidism is indicated by the reduction of hormones of the thyroid gland in the blood. During the 14th day of the experiment in the arterial bed in the injection of Parisian blue in the masticatory muscles there is a deformation of the vascular pattern. The number of hemocapillaries decreases. The edema of the cytoplasm of endothelial cells is submicroscopically marked. In muscular fibers, the cross-striation is broken, the area of their cross-section is enlarged, the dilation and vacuolization are observed in the endomysium. A change was determined in the quantitative distribution of all types of fibers (the number of OGMF and OMF decreased, and the amount of GMF increased). At the ultramicroscopic level, there were observed pronounced changes in all types of muscular fibers, especially in the GMF and OMF of the masseter muscle. On the 21st day, a significant deformation of the vascular pattern was observed, with a decrease of the arterial lumen and an increase of the vein lumen. The number of hemocapillaries continues to decrease. Ultra-structurally, in the endothelial cells of the hemocapillaries of the masticatory muscles, edema changes progress. In muscular fibers there is a loss of cross-striation and observed swelling. There is a tendency to decrease of the number of OGMF and OMF and increase of the amount of GMF. At the ultramicroscopic level, there are pronounced changes in all types of fibers, especially in the masseter muscle. During the 28th day of mercazolilum-induced hypothyroidism changes in the vessels and muscle fibers are progressing. Described morphological changes are associated with the dynamics of the trace substances’ composition. Thus, in mercazolilum-induced hypothyroidism in the masticatory muscles there are edematous changes both in the vascular bed and in muscular fibers. Moreover, the changes are deepened depending on the duration of the experiment.

Haemangioma in the oesophagus of a red-eared slider ( Trachemys scripta elegans )

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Gál ◽  
Csaba Jakab ◽  
Zoltán Szabó ◽  
Péter Pazár ◽  
Roland Psáder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Trachemys Scripta ◽  
Trachemys Scripta Elegans ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
First Time

A haemangioma developing in the wall of the oesophagus and protruding into its cavity is reported for the first time from a Red-eared Slider ( Trachemys scripta elegans ). As the tumour mechanically hampered swallowing, the animal was unable to eat and consequently developed a poor condition. Histopathology of the tumour revealed all characteristics of a haemangioma: the blood-filled blood-vessels having an irregular cross-section were lined with endothelial cells. Claudin-5 immunohistochemical antibodies were employed for characterising the tumour, and this examination confirmed our initial diagnosis of a haemangioma.

scholarly journals Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia: Diagnostic Sequence and Literature Review of an Orofacial Lesion

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahima V. Guledgud ◽  
Karthikeya Patil ◽  
Degala Saikrishna ◽  
Abhishek Madhavan ◽  
Tejesh Yelamali
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia ◽  
Masson’S Tumor ◽  
Vascular Origin ◽  
Orofacial Region ◽  
Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia ◽  
Head Neck

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia or Masson’s tumor is a rare reactive disease of vascular origin characterized by exuberant proliferation of endothelial cells notably occurring within blood vessels of head, neck, and extremities. The importance of this entity is its ability to mimic a variety of diseases both benign and malignant in the orofacial region. Here, we present a case of Masson’s tumor within the masseter muscle in a 40-year-old female with emphasis on the sequential investigative procedures performed to diagnose this entity.

scholarly journals Changes in Morphometric Indicators of Blood Vessels of Masticatory Muscles in Simulation of Diabetic Angiopathy in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
M.S. Hnatiuk ◽  
L.V. Rubas ◽  
L.V. Tatarchuk ◽  
O.B. Yasinovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
White Male ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Diabetic Angiopathy

Summary. Relevance. Diabetic joint damage is common in the clinic. The blood vessels of the masticatory muscles that affect the morphogenesis of diabetic arthropathy of the temporomandibular joint remain poorly studied in this pathology. Objective: to study the features of remodeling of blood vessels of the masticatory muscles of the temporomandibular joint in experimental hyperglycemia by quantitative morphological methods. Materials and Methods. The study material was 45 laboratory mature white male rats, which were divided into 3 groups. The 1st group consisted of 15 intact apparently healthy animals, the 2nd included 15 rats with one-month diabetic angiopathy, and the 3rd had 15 rats with two-month specified pathology. Diabetes mellitus was simulated by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin from Sigma at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Euthanasia of animals was performed by bloodletting under thiopental anesthesia one and two months after the start of the experiment. The blood glucose concentration was determined. Histological micropreparations were made from the temporomandibular joint and the temporal and external pterygoid muscles. Morphometric measurements of small caliber arteries (outer diameter 26-50 μm), veins and microvessels of the hemomicrocirculatory tract were performed on muscle micropreparations; relative volumes of damaged synoviocytes and chondrocytes were determined on micropreparations of joints. Quantitative indicators were processed statistically. Results and Conclusions. It was revealed that the gleam of arteries considerably decreases, their wall thickens, and endotheliocytes are damaged in the studied muscles with the modeled pathology. Venous vessels are dilated, full-blooded with a reduced wall thickness. The most pronounced changes in these experimental conditions are the structure of microvessels, which is characterized by narrowing of arterioles, precapillary arterioles and hemocapillaries, pronounced expansion of postcapillary venules and venules. Plethora, stasis, thrombosis, irregularity of the lumen, sacculation, and varicose expansions were noted in venous microvessels. Venous fullness led to hypoxia, disorders of trophism and metabolism, dystrophy, necrobiosis of muscle fibers and stromal structures, foci of infiltration and sclerosis. It was revealed that morphological changes in the vascular bed of the masticatory muscles affect the morphogenesis of diabetic arthropathy of the temporomandibular joint.

scholarly journals УЛЬТРАСТУКТУРНА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ГЕМОМІКРОЦИРКУЛЯТОРНОГО РУСЛА ШКІРИ БІЛОГО ЩУРА НА РАННІХ ЕТАПАХ ПЕРЕБІГУ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО СТРЕПТОЗОТОЦИН- ІНДУКОВАНОГО ЦУКРОВОГО ДІАБЕТУ

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (11(41)) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Борис Р. Я. ◽  
Блищак Н. Б. ◽  
Михалевич М. М. ◽  
Блищак Ю. З. ◽  
Покотило П. Б.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Type I ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

This article is presented information about electron microscopic characteristic the angioarchitectonics of hemomicrocirculatory white rat skin net in experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Was used in the experiment 30 adult white male rats weighing 120-130 grams, which were maintained on a standard diet, had free access to food and water under normal conditions. The insulin-dependent form of type I diabetes mellitus was modeled by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin from Sigma at a rate of 7mg per 100g of body weight of the animal (prepared on 0.1M citrate buffer, pH = 4.5). The development of experimental diabetes mellitus during 4 weeks was monitored by observing an increase in blood glucose, which was measured by the glucose oxidase method. Studies were performed on rats with glucose levels of 12.00 mmol/l and above. The experiment was carried out in accordance with the provisions of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes (Strasbourg, 1986), Council of Europe Directive 86/609 / EEC (1986). Rats were removed from the experiment by an overdose of intraperitoneal anesthesia using sodium thiopental (calculated at 25 mg / kg body weight of the animal). Applying the method of electron microscopy (the study and photographing of the material was carried out on an electron microscope EM-100 AK at an accelerating voltage of 75 kV and magnification 6000-8000 times). As a material for this examination, the skin intact from the internal surface of the thigh and the back of the white rats was used. The study showed that after 2 weeks of diabetes occure gradually and are progressing alterations of the skin's hemomicrocirculatory bed of white rats, which characterised mainly by small spasm of some vessels. The wall of the most vessels still had normal structure but revealed a narrowing of the capillaries due to the protrusion of the nuclear zone of the endothelial cells. After 4 weeks of the experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus were already observed reconstruction practicaly all skin's microvessels of white rats. The lumen of the capillaries became irregular. The contours of the nuclei of endotheliocytes were elongated with an uniform homogen chromatyn, which is concentrated in lumps, thickened bazal membrane, observed proliferation of endothelial cells, which leads to narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels. At the end of the experiment, we observe the inclusion of compensatory properties of the organism - the wall of blood vessels of the hemomicrocirculatory bed of the skin thickens, while the lumen of the microvessels become narrows. The results of investigation can be used in the practice medicine for diagnosis and treatment of skin's diseases in diabetes mellitus.

Action of Corynebacterium ovis exotoxin on endothelial cells of blood vessels

Nature ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 271 (5642) ◽  
pp. 246-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. CARNE ◽  
ELEANOR O. ONON
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels

scholarly journals Non-productive angiogenesis disassembles Aß plaque-associated blood vessels

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria I. Alvarez-Vergara ◽  
Alicia E. Rosales-Nieves ◽  
Rosana March-Diaz ◽  
Guiomar Rodriguez-Perinan ◽  
Nieves Lara-Ureña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Molecular Signature ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Local Loss ◽  
Microglial Phagocytosis ◽  
Vascular Phenotype ◽  
Cerebral Microvasculature ◽  
Vascular Component

AbstractThe human Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain accumulates angiogenic markers but paradoxically, the cerebral microvasculature is reduced around Aß plaques. Here we demonstrate that angiogenesis is started near Aß plaques in both AD mouse models and human AD samples. However, endothelial cells express the molecular signature of non-productive angiogenesis (NPA) and accumulate, around Aß plaques, a tip cell marker and IB4 reactive vascular anomalies with reduced NOTCH activity. Notably, NPA induction by endothelial loss of presenilin, whose mutations cause familial AD and which activity has been shown to decrease with age, produced a similar vascular phenotype in the absence of Aß pathology. We also show that Aß plaque-associated NPA locally disassembles blood vessels, leaving behind vascular scars, and that microglial phagocytosis contributes to the local loss of endothelial cells. These results define the role of NPA and microglia in local blood vessel disassembly and highlight the vascular component of presenilin loss of function in AD.

scholarly journals Relationship between tissue factor expression and deposition of fibrin, platelets, and leukocytes on cultured endothelial cells under venous blood flow conditions

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 2050-2058 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Kirchhofer ◽  
KS Sakariassen ◽  
M Clozel ◽  
TB Tschopp ◽  
P Hadvary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Endothelial Surface ◽  
Platelet Aggregates

Abstract Endothelial cell-mediated coagulation and leukocyte adhesion are processes that might be connected by the generation of thrombin. To examine the interaction of procoagulant and proadhesive activity, cultures of endothelial cells were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which resulted in the surface expression of tissue factor. Subsequent exposure to human nonanticoagulated blood at a shear rate of 100 s-1 in a parallel plate perfusion device led to the deposition of polymerized fibrin, which covered 63% of the endothelial surface. In addition, numerous platelet aggregates (71 per 10 mm cross- section) and leukocytes (53 +/- 6/mm2) were deposited on stimulated endothelial cells, whereas no fibrin and only a few platelet aggregates (4 +/- 1 per 10 mm cross-section) and leukocytes (6 +/- 1/mm2) were detected on control cells. A significant portion of the adherent leukocytes bound to fibrin and platelets. However, when the deposition of fibrin and platelet aggregates was inhibited with the anti-tissue factor antibody HTFI-7B8 by 100% and 86%, respectively, leukocyte adherence remained unchanged (68 +/- 6/mm2). This indicated that leukocytes could efficiently adhere to endothelial cells through direct cell-cell contact independent of both thrombin and deposited fibrin. Moreover, this direct adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelial surface was reduced twofold to threefold when fibrin deposition occurred. These data suggest a relationship between endothelial procoagulant and proadhesive properties in that tissue factor-initiated coagulation may contribute to leukocyte adhesion through the formation of an adhesive fibrin/platelet meshwork but concurrently prevents the adhesive endothelial surface to bind leukocytes at its full capacity.

scholarly journals Computational analysis revealing that K634 and T681 mutations modulate the 3D-structure of PDGFR-β and lead to sunitinib resistance

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (60) ◽  
pp. 37612-37626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Nemaysh ◽  
Pratibha Mehta Luthra
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Receptor Beta

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFR-β) is expressed by endothelial cells (ECs) of tumor-associated blood vessels and regulates primarily early hematopoiesis.

Role of Leukocytes and Endothelial Cells in the Development of Angiogenesis in Inflammation and Wound Healing

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Lingen
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
Complex Environment ◽  
Seminal Article

Abstract The basic signs and symptoms of inflammation and wound healing have been appreciated for thousands of years. However, the specific cells involved and their roles in this complex environment are still being elucidated today. In 1926, the origin of the phagocytic mononuclear ameboid wandering cell (macrophage) had not been determined. One popular theory was that the cells were differentiated from the endothelial cells of the nearby blood vessels, whereas others believed that the cells came from the peripheral blood or resting wandering cells. The purpose of this article is to review the seminal article published by Lang regarding this topic nearly 75 years ago. In addition, this article will review what is now known with regard to the role of the macrophage and endothelial cells in the development of angiogenesis, which is arguably the most critical component of successful inflammatory process or wound healing.

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