Quantitative Analysis of Polymers and Crumb Rubber in Hot-Mix Asphalts

1997 ◽  
Vol 1586 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Ling ◽  
Christine W. Curtis ◽  
Douglas I. Hanson ◽  
James N. Hool
Keyword(s):  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Polymer Content ◽  
Calibration Line ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Individual Calibration ◽  
Polymer Modified Asphalt ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

A method was developed to analyze quantitatively the amount of polymer in polymer-modified hot-mix asphalts (HMA). The polymers used were styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and styrene-butadiene styrene (SBS) at concentrations ranging from 1 to 6 mass percent in asphalt. The aggregates used were granite, gravel, and limestone. The procedure involved removing the polymer-modified asphalt from the aggregate by using tetrahydrofuran extraction and then analyzing the modified asphalt for polymer content with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. In addition, an FTIR analysis procedure was developed for crumb rubber in HMA; this procedure used the same FTIR method used for SBR and SBS. Previous research reported individual calibration lines for a given polymer in several different asphalt cements. Quantitation of the polymer content involved developing a calibration line for each polymer-modified asphalt. The effect of combining the data for a given polymer in three different asphalts into one universal calibration line was evaluated.

scholarly journals Enhanced Storage Stability of Different Polymer Modified Asphalt Binders through Nano-Montmorillonite Modification

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibin Ren ◽  
Yongqiang Zhu ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Minye Zhu ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Polymer Modified Asphalt ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

The storage stability concern, caused by phase separation for the density difference between polymers and asphalt fractions, has limited the widespread application of polymer modified asphalt (PMA). Therefore, this study aims to improve the storage concern of PMA by incorporating nano-montmorillonite. To this end, different nano-montmorillonites were incorporated to three PMAs modified with three typical asphalt modifiers, i.e., crumb rubber (CRM), styrene–butadiene-rubber (SBR) and styrene–butadiene-styrene (SBS). A series of laboratory tests were performed to evaluate the storage stability and rheological properties of PMA binders with nano-montmorillonite. As a consequence, the incorporation of nano-montmorillonite exhibited a remarkable effect on enhancing the storage stability of the CRM modified binder, but limited positive effects for the SBR and SBS modified binders. The layered nano-montmorillonite transformed to intercalated or exfoliated structures after interaction with asphalt fractions, providing superior storage stability. Among selected nano-montmorillonites, the pure montmorillonite with Hydroxyl organic ammonium performed the best on enhancing storage stability of PMA. This paper suggests that nano-montmorillonite is a promising modifier to alleviate the storage stability concern for asphalt with polymer modifiers.

scholarly journals Effect of Phenolic Resin on the Rheological and Morphological Characteristics of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber-Modified Asphalt

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5836
Author(s):  
Peifeng Cheng ◽  
Yiming Li ◽  
Zhanming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Chemical System ◽  
Temperature Deformation ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Rheological Performance

To improve the thermal-aging stability and rheological performance of styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR)-modified asphalt, phenolic resin (PF) was introduced in the process of preparing SBR-modified asphalt by melt blending. The effect of PF and SBR on the high and low-temperature rheological performance of the asphalt binder before and after aging was evaluated by a temperature and frequency sweep using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and fluorescence microscopy (FM) were used to further investigate the effect of PF and SBR on the thermal stability and morphological characteristics of the asphalt binder. The results showed that the addition of PF can enhance the high-temperature deformation resistance and short-term aging resistance of SBR-modified asphalt. Moreover, PF and SBR form an embedded network structure within the asphalt binder and alleviate the deterioration of the polymer during the aging process. Compared with SBR-modified asphalt, the chemical system of composite-modified asphalt is more stable, and it can remain stable with an aging time of less than 5 h.

scholarly journals Microwave Devulcanized Crumb Rubbers in Polypropylene Based Thermoplastic Dynamic Vulcanizates

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dániel Simon ◽  
István Halász ◽  
József Karger-Kocsis ◽  
Tamás Bárány
Keyword(s):  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Continuous Extrusion ◽  
3D Molecular Structure ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Because of the chemically crosslinked 3D molecular structure of rubbers, their recycling is a challenging task, especially when cost efficiency is also considered. One of the most straightforward procedures is the grinding of discarded rubber products with subsequent devulcanization. The devulcanized rubber can be used as a feedstock for fresh rubber compounds or can be blended with uncured virgin rubber and thermoplastic polymers to form thermoplastic dynamic vulcanizates (TDVs). TDVs combine the beneficial (re)processability of thermoplastics and the elastic properties of rubbers. Our current work focuses on the development of polypropylene (PP)-based TDVs with the use of a tire model rubber (MR) composed of natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in a ratio of 70/30. The research target was the partial substitution of the above fresh MR by microwave devulcanized crumb rubber (dCR). TDVs were produced by continuous extrusion, and the effects of composition (PP/MR/dCR = 40/60/0…50/35/15) and processing parameters (different screw configurations, temperature profiles, the feeding method of PP) were investigated. Results showed that the fresh rubber compound can be replaced up to 10 wt % without compromising the mechanical properties of the resulting TDV.

scholarly journals Performance Characterization of Waterborne Epoxy Resin and Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Latex Composite Modified Asphalt Emulsion (WESAE)

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Yang ◽  
Zhengqi Zhang ◽  
Ying Fang ◽  
Yaofei Luo
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Emulsion ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Waterborne Epoxy ◽  
Blending Process ◽  
Asphalt Emulsions ◽  
Waterborne Epoxy Resin ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Neat asphalt emulsions have poor physicochemical properties. In order to endow neat asphalt emulsions with excellent physicochemical properties and broaden their application as pavement, this study adopted the composite modification method using waterborne epoxy resin (WER) and styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) latex. Firstly, a waterborne-epoxy–SBR composite modified asphalt emulsions (WESAEs) with different amounts of WER were prepared, and the storage stability, workability, and residual properties were characterized with a series of tests. Then, the performance of the WESAEs was comprehensively evaluated by multiobjective gray target decision-making method, through which the optimal amount of WER in WESAE was determined. Lastly, the modification mechanism of WER was revealed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy test. The results show that the incorporation of WER improves the high-temperature performance, thermal stability, rheological property, and adhesion of the SBR modified asphalt emulsion (SBRAE) residues. However, an excessive amount of WER will adversely affect the storage stability, particle distribution uniformity, and workability of the WESAE binder. The WESAE with 3% WER showed the best comprehensive performance; thus, the optimal amount of WER is 3% of the weight of the WESAE. Additionally, modification of the SBRAE by WER is a physical blending process, meaning no chemical reaction occurs in the blending process.

Quantification of SBS Content in SBS Polymer Modified Asphalt by FTIR

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 953-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Quan Sun ◽  
Li Wen Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Property ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Polymer Content ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Linear Programming Method ◽  
Characteristic Peak ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Optimum Characteristic ◽  
Polymer Modified Asphalt ◽  
Relationship Of

The content SBS plays an important role on the performances of its modified asphalt. Traditional methods which were based on the differences of performances and molecular weight couldn’t quantify SBS content accurately. On the basis of FTIR analysis of SBS, the characteristic peak combination of modified asphalt that could be possibly used for quantitative analysis was summarized. According to theory of Lambert-Beer’s law, a relationship of absorbance ratio and content of mass was deduced. Considering the physical property of SBS polymer modified asphalt and coefficient of variation of specimens, the standard method to prepare SBS polymer modified asphalt for FTIR test was established. Then, regression coefficients were tested for significances combining with theoretical equation and linear programming method, the optimum characteristic peak ratio combination for quantification was designated. Finally, a reasonably accurate and precise method to quantify SBS content is achieved, and the author expected the research could provide the guidance for quantification of polymer content in polymer modified asphalt through this paper.

scholarly journals Modification Mechanism of Asphalt Modified with Rock Asphalt and Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xiangming Deng ◽  
Hui Huang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Jie Chen
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Low Temperature Performance ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Compound Modification ◽  
Rheometer Test

High-performance asphalt binder plays an important role in the durable asphalt pavement. Asphalt modified by rock asphalt (RA) is one of the high-performance modified asphalt materials. It was used in road engineering as a relatively environmentally friendly material, because rock asphalt takes some advantages of large reserves, easy treatment, and efficient modification. Moreover, the main component of rock asphalt is bitumen, which enables it to substitute part of the binder used in asphalt mixtures. On the other hand, the negative low-temperature performance of RA modified asphalt impeded its application in cold regions. The object of this paper is to improve the low-temperature performance of RA modified asphalt by compound modified with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). The 70-penetration grade binder and the RA modified asphalt with 15% RA by weight were applied as the base binder. Five types of RA-SBR modified asphalt were prepared, and the content of SBR was 2%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 8% by weight of BRA modified binder. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests were utilized to illustrate the reasons for the poor low-temperature performance of BRA modified asphalt and reveal the compound modification mechanism of BRA-SBR modified asphalt. The Brookfield viscosity test, dynamic shear rheometer test, and bending beam rheometer test were adopted to reveal the variation patterns of rheological behavior and low-temperature performance with mass contents of SBR. The test results indicated that the worse of low-temperature performance was caused by the increase of asphaltene content and the stress concentration due to ash in RA modified asphalt. And the compound modification is a physical process. The addition of SBR has improved the low-temperature performance of RA modified asphalt dramatically. And based on the rheological behaviors and low-temperature performance of RA-SBR compound modified asphalt, the optimum content of SBR was determined, which is about 4%∼5%.

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