Pokaiņi

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rūta Muktupāvela
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
New Age ◽  
First Century ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
A Site

The ideologies, beliefs and practices associated with new cult places in post-Soviet Latvia are discussed. When social movement for the restoration of an independent nation state started at the end of the 1980s, new pantheistic cult sites gained a certain topicality. In relation to such sites esoteric New Age style ideologies and practices were constructed. Pokaiņi forest - a remote place in Latvia, abundant in stone piles and big stones, has been interpreted as an ancient sanctuary of global significance, as a cosmological and healing centre. Latvian scholars - archaeologists, geologists and folklorists - are treating Pokaiņi as a site with traces of ancient agricultural activity, and its popularity is attributed to the 'use of good management'. The historical perspective of the Pokaiņi phenomenon and modern interpretations of its perception are discussed in the context of revitalisation movements. The analysis of the complex socio-cultural situation of Latvia in the turn of the twentieth and the twenty- first century reveals the reasons, facilitating the emergence and significance of Pokaiņi and similar phenomena in post-Soviet Latvia.

Labels, Histories, Politics: Indian/South Asian Dance on the Global Stage

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
AVANTHI MEDURI
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
First Century ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The South ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
Indian Nation ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Uk

In this paper, I discuss issues revolving around history, historiography, alterity, difference and otherness concealed in the doubled Indian/South Asian label used to describe Indian/South Asian dance genres in the UK. The paper traces the historical genealogy of the South Asian label to US, Indian and British contexts and describes how the South Asian enunciation fed into Indian nation-state historiography and politics in the 1950s. I conclude by describing how Akademi: South Asian Dance, a leading London based arts organisation, explored the ambivalence in the doubled Indian/South Asian label by renaming itself in 1997, and forging new local/global networks of communication and artistic exchange between Indian and British based dancers and choreographers at the turn of the twenty-first century.

scholarly journals Secularity, Religion and the Possibilities for Religious Citizenship

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn Parker ◽  
Chang-Yau Hoon
Keyword(s):  
Citizenship Education ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
First Century ◽  
Political Force ◽  
Secularization Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Multicultural Citizenship ◽  
A Site

Abstract Scholarly predictions of the secularization of the world have proven premature. We see a heterogeneous world in which religion remains a significant and vital social and political force. This paper reflects critically upon secularization theory in order to see how scholars can productively respond to the, at least partly, religious condition of the world at the beginning of the twenty first century. We note that conventional multiculturalism theory and policy neglects religion, and argue the need for a reconceptualization of understanding of religion and secularity, particularly in a context of multicultural citizenship — such as in Australia and Indonesia. We consider the possibilities for religious pluralism in citizenship and for “religious citizenship”. Finally, we propose that religious citizenship education might be a site for fostering a tolerant and enquiring attitude towards religious diversity.

scholarly journals Sacred Spaces in a Holy City. Crossing Religious Boundaries in Istanbul at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 34-56
Author(s):  
Méropi Anastassiadou-Dumont
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
First Century ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Sacred Spaces ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Holy City

The article examines Muslim pilgrimages to Christian places of worship in Istanbul after the 1950s. It aims to answer whether and how the Ottoman heritage of cultural diversity fits or does not fit with the pattern of the nation-state. After a brief bibliographic overview of the issue of shared sacred spaces, the presentation assembles, as a first step, some of the key elements of Istanbul’s multi-secular links with religious practices: the sanctity of the city both for Christianity and Islam; the long tradition of pilgrimages and their importance for the local economy; meanings and etymologies of the word pilgrimage in the most common languages of the Ottoman space; and the silence of the nineteenth century’s Greek sources concerning the sharing of worship. The second part focuses more specifically on some OrthodoxGreek sacred spaces in Istanbul increasingly frequented by Muslims during the last decades.

From Anatomical to Digital Dissection: A Historical Perspective Since Antiquity Towards the Twenty-First Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-39
Author(s):  
Vincent Delmas ◽  
Jean-François Uhl ◽  
Pedro F. Campos ◽  
Daniel Simões Lopes ◽  
Joaquim Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
First Century ◽  
Twenty First Century

Athens and Sparta of the New World

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-116
Author(s):  
Dan-el Padilla Peralta
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
New World ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
First Century ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Santo Domingo ◽  
Classical Greece ◽  
Classical Reception ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Modern Nation State

This chapter reconstructs the reception and appropriation of ancient Greece and Rome in the Dominican Republic, tracing the long arc of classical reception from the foundation of the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo to the politics of the twenty-first-century nation-state. Two interlocking appropriations of classical Greece are documented and scrutinized: the glorification of colonial Santo Domingo by postcolonial Dominican elites as the “Athens of the New World,” and the celebration of the modern nation-state as the “Sparta of the New World” during the dictatorship of Rafael Leónidas Trujillo (1930–61). Both modes of scripting hispanophone Hispaniola as classically Greek turn out upon closer examination to derive their impetus from a racialized—and racist—cultural and nationalistic program whose imprint on Dominican debates about statehood and race remains visible to this day.

Sufism and Salafism in the Maghreb

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-50
Author(s):  
Ricardo René Larémont
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North Africa ◽  
The State ◽  
First Century ◽  
Religious Expression ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Twenty First Century

During much of the twentieth century, practitioners of Sufism faced extensive criticism from both the jihadist and the anticolonial Salafi communities, who claimed that Sufi beliefs and practices were heterodox, if not heretical. Even though Sufism had been an indigenous and popular form of religious expression within the region for years, their consistent and heated denunciations of Sufism eventually led to the decline in its practice in the Maghreb. Following this decline, at the end of the twentieth century, political leaders (particularly in Morocco and Algeria) attempted to revive Sufism as a pacifist alternative to jihadi-Salafi beliefs and practices, which they believed encouraged political militancy and threatened the state. This chapter examines societal and state efforts first to discourage Sufism and encourage Salafism during most of the twentieth century, and then to reverse course and try to revive Sufism during the twenty-first century, as an attempt to counter the threat of jihadi Salafism. While there are many Sufi orders in North Africa, this chapter focuses on the larger and more influential orders, including the Shadhiliyya, the Shadhiliyya-Jazuliyya, the Shadhiliyya-Darqawiyya, the Qadiriyya, the Tijaniyya, the Sanusiyya, and the Qadiriyya-Boutchichiyya.

Technological Choice in a Medieval Japanese Sword

2020 ◽  
Vol 983 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
James Scott Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
First Century ◽  
Metallographic Examination ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Technological Choice ◽  
Chaîne Opératoire ◽  
Chaine Operatoire ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Functional Explanations

Japanese swords have long been a source of fascination for metallographers both Japanese and Western, but most studies lean toward functional explanations of metallurgical features or description of how features correspond to historical and ethnographic accounts of production. At the same time, there is a long tradition of sword connoisseurship that through its visual and historical perspective offers insight about particular smiths and their traditions. In a metallographic examination of a 15th century Japanese sword of the Bizen tradition, I take a chaîne opératoire approach and draw on aspects of both of the aforementioned scholarly traditions in order to better understand how late medieval Japanese sword smiths related to their materials and to their clientele. Based on my observations, I compare the apparent choices made by this sword’s smith to historical and ethnographic accounts of traditional sword production, and other published metallographic sections of Japanese swords. Then, I contextualize these choices in relation to contemporary production for export and for local consumption. Specifically, I will discuss possible reasons this sword’s metallurgical profile deviates from common practice according to twentieth and twenty-first century accounts of traditional Japanese sword smithing.

scholarly journals Hospitality

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Elena Isayev
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
International Community ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
Deep Interest

This article provides a historical perspective to understand better whether hospitality persists as a measure of society across contexts. Focusing on Homer and later Tragedians, it charts ancient literature’s deep interest in the tensions of balancing obligations to provide hospitality and asylum, and the responsibilities of well-being owed to host-citizens by their leaders. Such discourse appears central at key transformative moments, such as the Greek polis democracy of the fifth century BCE, hospitality becoming the marker between civic society and the international community, confronting the space between civil and human rights. At its center was the question of: Who is the host? The article goes on to question whether the seventeenth-century advent of the nation state was such a moment, and whether in the twenty-first century we observe a shift towards states’ treatment of their own subjects as primary in measuring society, with hospitality becoming the exception to be explained.

scholarly journals Liberal feminism and postcolonial difference: Debating headscarves in France, the Netherlands, and Germany

2020 ◽  
pp. 003776862097426
Author(s):  
Anna C Korteweg ◽  
Gökçe Yurdakul
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
First Century ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Liberal Feminism ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Western European ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
A Site ◽  
Newspaper Articles

In this article, we analyze headscarf debates that unfolded in the first decade of the twenty-first century in France, the Netherlands, and Germany. Through a socio-historical overview looking at newspaper articles and policy and legal documents, we show how the headscarf has become a site for negotiating immigrant-related, postcolonial difference. We argue that certain feminist understanding of gender liberation and postcolonial difference in the headscarf debates reveal the continuity of control mechanisms from the colonial to the postcolonial era. We highlight the possibilities for decolonial thought and practice by centering the situatedness of headscarf. This allows us to show how Muslim citizens are active participants in producing contemporary Western European histories even as some of their practices face overt rejection.

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